"-kos" meaning in Proto-Indo-European

See -kos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Head templates: {{head|ine-pro|suffix|cat2=adjective-forming suffixes}} *-kos Inflection templates: {{ine-decl-adj|-ko}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -kos [nominative, singular], -koh₁ [dual, nominative], -koes [nominative, plural], -ke [singular, vocative], -koh₁ [dual, vocative], -koes [plural, vocative], -kom [accusative, singular], -koh₁ [accusative, dual], -koms [accusative, plural], -kosyo [genitive, singular], - [dual, genitive], -koHom [genitive, plural], -kead [ablative, singular], - [ablative, dual], -komos [ablative, plural], -koey [dative, singular], - [dative, dual], -komos [dative, plural], -key [locative, singular], -koy [locative, singular], - [dual, locative], -koysu [locative, plural], -koh₁ [instrumental, singular], - [dual, instrumental], -kōys [instrumental, plural], -keh₂ [nominative, singular], -keh₂h₁ [dual, nominative], -keh₂h₁e [dual, nominative], -keh₂es [nominative, plural], -keh₂ [singular, vocative], -keh₂h₁ [dual, vocative], -keh₂h₁e [dual, vocative], -keh₂es [plural, vocative], -kām [accusative, singular], -keh₂h₁ [accusative, dual], -keh₂h₁e [accusative, dual], -keh₂m̥s [accusative, plural], -keh₂s [genitive, singular], -keh₂oHom [genitive, plural], -keh₂s [ablative, singular], -keh₂mos [ablative, plural], -keh₂ey [dative, singular], -keh₂mos [dative, plural], -keh₂ [locative, singular], -keh₂i [locative, singular], -keh₂su [locative, plural], -keh₂h₁ [instrumental, singular], -keh₂mis [instrumental, plural], -kom [nominative, singular], -koy [dual, nominative], -koyh₁ [dual, nominative], -keh₂ [nominative, plural], -kom [singular, vocative], -koy [dual, vocative], -koyh₁ [dual, vocative], -keh₂ [plural, vocative], -koy [accusative, dual], -koyh₁ [accusative, dual], -keh₂ [accusative, plural]
  1. Creates deadjectival and desubstantival adjectives denoting the characteristic of, typical of, pertaining to. Tags: morpheme, reconstruction Synonyms: -ḱos Derived forms: >? Proto-Germanic: *-ingaz, -ungō, -ingō, -engō (english: see there for further descendants) Derived forms (Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-akas, *-ukas): -ъkъ (english: see there for further descendants) [Proto-Slavic] Derived forms (Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-ikas): -ikas [Lithuanian], -ikis [Lithuanian], -ьcь (english: see there for further descendants) [Proto-Slavic] Derived forms (Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-kāˀ): -ъka (english: see there for further descendants) [Proto-Slavic] Derived forms (Proto-Hellenic: *-ikos): -ικός (-ikós) [Ancient-Greek]
    Sense id: en--kos-ine-pro-suffix-dHXYKqh7 Categories (other): Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header

Download JSONL data for -kos meaning in Proto-Indo-European (9.4kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*-kas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-kas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-kas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "-ingas"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: -ingas",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "with an /n/ infix"
          },
          "expansion": "(with an /n/ infix)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: -ingas (with an /n/ infix)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "-īgs"
          },
          "expansion": "Latvian: -īgs",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latvian: -īgs"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*-kъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *-kъ",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *-kъ (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "*-kos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *-kos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Celtic: *-kos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "*-ākos",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *-ākos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *-ākos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*-gaz"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *-gaz",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *-gaz (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*-kos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "-κός"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: -κός (-kós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: -κός (-kós)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*-kas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-kas",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-kas (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*-kos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *-kos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *-kos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "-cus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: -cus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: -cus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "-icus",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Latin: -icus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Latin: -icus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*-ikā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *-ikā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *-ikā"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*-kā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *-kā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *-kā,"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "-kë"
          },
          "expansion": "Albanian: -kë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*Albanian: -kë,"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ine-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ke",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koms",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kosyo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koHom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kead",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-komos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koey",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-komos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-key",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koysu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kōys",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂es",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂es",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kām",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂m̥s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂oHom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂mos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂ey",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂mos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂su",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂mis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koyh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koyh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koyh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "*-kos",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ko"
      },
      "name": "ine-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-ikas",
          "tags": [
            "Lithuanian"
          ],
          "word": "-ikas"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-ikas",
          "tags": [
            "Lithuanian"
          ],
          "word": "-ikis"
        },
        {
          "english": "see there for further descendants",
          "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-ikas",
          "tags": [
            "Proto-Slavic"
          ],
          "word": "-ьcь"
        },
        {
          "roman": "-ikós",
          "sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *-ikos",
          "tags": [
            "Ancient-Greek"
          ],
          "word": "-ικός"
        },
        {
          "english": "see there for further descendants",
          "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-kāˀ",
          "tags": [
            "Proto-Slavic"
          ],
          "word": "-ъka"
        },
        {
          "english": "see there for further descendants",
          "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-akas, *-ukas",
          "tags": [
            "Proto-Slavic"
          ],
          "word": "-ъkъ"
        },
        {
          "word": ">? Proto-Germanic: *-ingaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ungō"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ingō"
        },
        {
          "english": "see there for further descendants",
          "word": "-engō"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Creates deadjectival and desubstantival adjectives denoting the characteristic of, typical of, pertaining to."
      ],
      "id": "en--kos-ine-pro-suffix-dHXYKqh7",
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-ḱos"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-kos"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-ikas",
      "tags": [
        "Lithuanian"
      ],
      "word": "-ikas"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-ikas",
      "tags": [
        "Lithuanian"
      ],
      "word": "-ikis"
    },
    {
      "english": "see there for further descendants",
      "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-ikas",
      "tags": [
        "Proto-Slavic"
      ],
      "word": "-ьcь"
    },
    {
      "roman": "-ikós",
      "sense": "Proto-Hellenic: *-ikos",
      "tags": [
        "Ancient-Greek"
      ],
      "word": "-ικός"
    },
    {
      "english": "see there for further descendants",
      "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-kāˀ",
      "tags": [
        "Proto-Slavic"
      ],
      "word": "-ъka"
    },
    {
      "english": "see there for further descendants",
      "sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-akas, *-ukas",
      "tags": [
        "Proto-Slavic"
      ],
      "word": "-ъkъ"
    },
    {
      "word": ">? Proto-Germanic: *-ingaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ungō"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ingō"
    },
    {
      "english": "see there for further descendants",
      "word": "-engō"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
            "2": "*-kas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-kas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *-kas"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lt",
            "2": "-ingas"
          },
          "expansion": "Lithuanian: -ingas",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "with an /n/ infix"
          },
          "expansion": "(with an /n/ infix)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lithuanian: -ingas (with an /n/ infix)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "-īgs"
          },
          "expansion": "Latvian: -īgs",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latvian: -īgs"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sla-pro",
            "2": "*-kъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *-kъ",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Slavic: *-kъ (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "*-kos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *-kos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Celtic: *-kos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-pro",
            "2": "*-ākos",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *-ākos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Proto-Celtic: *-ākos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gem-pro",
            "2": "*-gaz"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *-gaz",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Germanic: *-gaz (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grk-pro",
            "2": "*-kos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Hellenic: *-kos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "-κός"
          },
          "expansion": "Ancient Greek: -κός (-kós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ancient Greek: -κός (-kós)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iir-pro",
            "2": "*-kas"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-kas",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-kas (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "itc-pro",
            "2": "*-kos"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Italic: *-kos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Italic: *-kos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "-cus"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin: -cus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin: -cus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "la",
            "2": "-icus",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Latin: -icus",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Latin: -icus (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*-ikā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *-ikā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *-ikā"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sqj-pro",
            "2": "*-kā"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *-kā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Albanian: *-kā,"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sq",
            "2": "-kë"
          },
          "expansion": "Albanian: -kë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "*Albanian: -kë,"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ine-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ke",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koes",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koms",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kosyo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koHom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kead",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-komos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koey",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-komos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-key",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koysu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kōys",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂es",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂es",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kām",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁e",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂m̥s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂oHom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂mos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂ey",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂mos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂i",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂su",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂h₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂mis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koyh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koyh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koy",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-koyh₁",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-keh₂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "*-kos",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-ko"
      },
      "name": "ine-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
  "lang_code": "ine-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-kos",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Indo-European adjective-forming suffixes",
        "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
        "Proto-Indo-European suffixes",
        "Proto-Indo-European thematic adjectives"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Creates deadjectival and desubstantival adjectives denoting the characteristic of, typical of, pertaining to."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-ḱos"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-kos"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-07-20 using wiktextract (0af6c06 and 6aeea9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.