See ǵʰórtos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ǵʰórtos meaning in Proto-Indo-European (5.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gortos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *gortos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *gortos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "gort"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: gort",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: gort"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Irish: gort (“wheatfield”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*gorθ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *gorθ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *gorθ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "orth"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: orth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: orth"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "gorth"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: gorth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: gorth"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "garth",
"gloss": "hill, enclosure"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: garth (“hill, enclosure”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: garth (“hill, enclosure”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χόρτος",
"gloss": "farmyard"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: χόρτος (khórtos, “farmyard”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: χόρτος (khórtos, “farmyard”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*hortos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *hortos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *hortos (< earlier *xortos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hortus",
"gloss": "garden"
},
"expansion": "Latin: hortus (“garden”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: hortus (“garden”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "𐌇𐌞𐌓𐌆"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: 𐌇𐌞𐌓𐌆 (húrz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: 𐌇𐌞𐌓𐌆 (húrz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "kerccī",
"t": "palace"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: kerccī (“palace”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: kerccī (“palace”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰer-",
"id": "enclose"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*ǵʰórtos (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ǵʰórto"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰórtos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ǵʰer- (enclose)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"enclosure"
],
"id": "en-ǵʰórtos-ine-pro-noun-le~sxbl9",
"links": [
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ǵʰórtos"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*gortos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *gortos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *gortos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "gort"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: gort",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: gort"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Irish: gort (“wheatfield”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*gorθ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *gorθ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *gorθ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "orth"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: orth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: orth"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "gorth"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: gorth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: gorth"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "garth",
"gloss": "hill, enclosure"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: garth (“hill, enclosure”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: garth (“hill, enclosure”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χόρτος",
"gloss": "farmyard"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: χόρτος (khórtos, “farmyard”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: χόρτος (khórtos, “farmyard”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*hortos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *hortos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *hortos (< earlier *xortos)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "hortus",
"gloss": "garden"
},
"expansion": "Latin: hortus (“garden”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: hortus (“garden”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osc",
"2": "𐌇𐌞𐌓𐌆"
},
"expansion": "Oscan: 𐌇𐌞𐌓𐌆 (húrz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Oscan: 𐌇𐌞𐌓𐌆 (húrz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-toc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tocharian: (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "kerccī",
"t": "palace"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B: kerccī (“palace”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tocharian B: kerccī (“palace”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰer-",
"id": "enclose"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "non-ablauting",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-decl-noun-mf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtosyo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoHom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtead",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtomos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtey",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoysu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtoh₁",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ǵʰórtōys",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "non-ablauting",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"f2nolink": "1",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"head5": ""
},
"expansion": "*ǵʰórtos (non-ablauting)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ǵʰórto"
},
"name": "ine-decl-noun-mf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰórtos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European nouns",
"Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *ǵʰer- (enclose)",
"Proto-Indo-European thematic o-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"enclosure"
],
"links": [
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ǵʰórtos"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.