See (s)pend- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)pénd-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*spenˀstei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenˀstei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenˀstei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "spiêst"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: spiêst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: spiêst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "spę́sti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: spę́sti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: spę́sti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*pettädäk",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *pettädäk",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *pettädäk (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*pendō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *pendō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *pendō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) *(s)pond-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pǫditi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *pǫditi",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *pǫditi (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)pn̥d-éh₁ye-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*pendēō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *pendēō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *pendēō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)pénd-i-s ~ *(s)pn̥d-éy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pę̑dь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *pę̑dь",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *pę̑dь (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)pénd-os ~ *(s)pénd-es-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*pondos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *pondos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *pondos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pondus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: pondus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: pondus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)penh₁-",
"3": "*-dʰh₁eti",
"t1": "to spin (thread); to stretch"
},
"expansion": "*(s)penh₁- (“to spin (thread); to stretch”) + *-dʰh₁eti",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly reanalyzed root of *(s)penh₁- (“to spin (thread); to stretch”) + *-dʰh₁eti.",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)pend-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots with s-mobile",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European sCeRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-dʰh₁eti",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to stretch"
],
"id": "en-(s)pend--ine-pro-root-7sLqAhwT",
"links": [
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "(s)pend-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)pénd-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*spenˀstei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenˀstei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *spenˀstei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "spiêst"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: spiêst",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: spiêst"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "spę́sti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: spę́sti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: spę́sti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*pettädäk",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *pettädäk",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *pettädäk (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*pendō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *pendō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *pendō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "(perhaps) *(s)pond-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pǫditi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *pǫditi",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *pǫditi (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)pn̥d-éh₁ye-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*pendēō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *pendēō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *pendēō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)pénd-i-s ~ *(s)pn̥d-éy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*pę̑dь"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *pę̑dь",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *pę̑dь (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)pénd-os ~ *(s)pénd-es-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*pondos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *pondos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *pondos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pondus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: pondus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: pondus (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)penh₁-",
"3": "*-dʰh₁eti",
"t1": "to spin (thread); to stretch"
},
"expansion": "*(s)penh₁- (“to spin (thread); to stretch”) + *-dʰh₁eti",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly reanalyzed root of *(s)penh₁- (“to spin (thread); to stretch”) + *-dʰh₁eti.",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)pend-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots with s-mobile",
"Proto-Indo-European sCeRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-dʰh₁eti"
],
"glosses": [
"to stretch"
],
"links": [
[
"stretch",
"stretch"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "(s)pend-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for (s)pend- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.