See (s)kewd- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kéwd-e-ti ~ *(s)kéwd-o-nti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*čáwdati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čáwdati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čáwdati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*ćáwdati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ćáwdati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ćáwdati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "चोदति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: चोदति (codati)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: चोदति (codati) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*skeuda"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *skeuda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *skeuda"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "hedh",
"t": "to throw"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: hedh (“to throw”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: hedh (“to throw”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skeutaną",
"t": "to shoot",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skeutaną (“to shoot”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "disputed"
},
"expansion": "(disputed)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skeutaną (“to shoot”) (disputed) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kud-tó-s (“propelled”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*čutˢtás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čutˢtás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čutˢtás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*custáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *custáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *custáh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "چست",
"t": "quick, active",
"tr": "čost"
},
"expansion": "Persian: چست (čost, “quick, active”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: چست (čost, “quick, active”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kud-eh₂-yé-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kūˀdā́ˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kūˀdā́ˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kūˀdā́ˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kûdît"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: kûdît",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: kûdît, kûdinât (“to drive, to urge”) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skiautė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skiautė",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skiautė, skutai"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kydati",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kydati impf",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kydati impf, *kydnǫti pf (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*huttōną",
"t": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *huttōną (“to run”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *huttōną (“to run”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro",
"2": "*Skuδa",
"t": "shooter",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Scythian: *Skuδa (“shooter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Scythian: *Skuδa (“shooter”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Σκύθης",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Scythian"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: Σκύθης (Skúthēs, “Scythian”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: Σκύθης (Skúthēs, “Scythian”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎿𐎣",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Scythia"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Persian: 𐎿𐎣 (s-k, “Scythia”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Persian: 𐎿𐎣 (s-k, “Scythia”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎿𐎣𐎠",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "Scythian"
},
"expansion": "⇒ 𐎿𐎣𐎠 (s-k-a, “Scythian”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ 𐎿𐎣𐎠 (s-k-a, “Scythian”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "𒅖𒆪𒍝𒀀𒀀",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Scythian",
"tr": "Iškuzaya"
},
"expansion": "→ Akkadian: 𒅖𒆪𒍝𒀀𒀀 (Iškuzaya, “Scythian”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Akkadian: 𒅖𒆪𒍝𒀀𒀀 (Iškuzaya, “Scythian”) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)kewd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots with s-mobile",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European sCeRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to advance, push"
],
"id": "en-(s)kewd--ine-pro-root-0LHi0U2E",
"links": [
[
"advance",
"advance"
],
[
"push",
"push"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to drive, propel"
],
"id": "en-(s)kewd--ine-pro-root-qEuQZntf",
"links": [
[
"drive",
"drive"
],
[
"propel",
"propel"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Oswald Szemerényi",
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "(s)kewd-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots with s-mobile",
"Proto-Indo-European sCeRC-shape roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kéwd-e-ti ~ *(s)kéwd-o-nti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*čáwdati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čáwdati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čáwdati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*ćáwdati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ćáwdati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ćáwdati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "चोदति"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: चोदति (codati)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: चोदति (codati) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "-",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*skeuda"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *skeuda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *skeuda"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "hedh",
"t": "to throw"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: hedh (“to throw”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: hedh (“to throw”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*skeutaną",
"t": "to shoot",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skeutaną (“to shoot”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "disputed"
},
"expansion": "(disputed)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *skeutaną (“to shoot”) (disputed) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kud-tó-s (“propelled”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*čutˢtás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čutˢtás",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *čutˢtás"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*custáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *custáh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *custáh"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "چست",
"t": "quick, active",
"tr": "čost"
},
"expansion": "Persian: چست (čost, “quick, active”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: چست (čost, “quick, active”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*(s)kud-eh₂-yé-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*kūˀdā́ˀtei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kūˀdā́ˀtei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kūˀdā́ˀtei"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "kûdît"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: kûdît",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: kûdît, kûdinât (“to drive, to urge”) (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "skiautė"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: skiautė",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: skiautė, skutai"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*kydati",
"g": "impf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *kydati impf",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *kydati impf, *kydnǫti pf (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*huttōną",
"t": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *huttōną (“to run”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *huttōną (“to run”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro",
"2": "*Skuδa",
"t": "shooter",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Scythian: *Skuδa (“shooter”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Scythian: *Skuδa (“shooter”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "Σκύθης",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Scythian"
},
"expansion": "→ Ancient Greek: Σκύθης (Skúthēs, “Scythian”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ancient Greek: Σκύθης (Skúthēs, “Scythian”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎿𐎣",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Scythia"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Persian: 𐎿𐎣 (s-k, “Scythia”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Persian: 𐎿𐎣 (s-k, “Scythia”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎿𐎣𐎠",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1",
"t": "Scythian"
},
"expansion": "⇒ 𐎿𐎣𐎠 (s-k-a, “Scythian”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ 𐎿𐎣𐎠 (s-k-a, “Scythian”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "akk",
"2": "𒅖𒆪𒍝𒀀𒀀",
"bor": "1",
"t": "Scythian",
"tr": "Iškuzaya"
},
"expansion": "→ Akkadian: 𒅖𒆪𒍝𒀀𒀀 (Iškuzaya, “Scythian”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Akkadian: 𒅖𒆪𒍝𒀀𒀀 (Iškuzaya, “Scythian”) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)kewd-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to advance, push"
],
"links": [
[
"advance",
"advance"
],
[
"push",
"push"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to drive, propel"
],
"links": [
[
"drive",
"drive"
],
[
"propel",
"propel"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Oswald Szemerényi",
"Vladimir Orel"
],
"word": "(s)kewd-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for (s)kewd- meaning in Proto-Indo-European (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-European dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.