See wulkną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wulkną meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wolkn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wolkn\nOld English: wolcn, weolcen, wolc, wolcen\nMiddle English: welken (from plural wolcnu)\nEnglish: welkin\nScots: walk, wak (from wolc)\nOld Frisian: wolken, wulken, ulken\nNorth Frisian: wolk\nWest Frisian: wolken, wolke, wolk\nOld Saxon: wolkan, wolcan\nMiddle Low German: wolken, wulken\nOld Dutch: uulcun, wulkon\nMiddle Dutch: wolken\nOld High German: wolkan, wolcan\nMiddle High German: wolken, wulken n or f or m\nBavarian: Woikn, Wolkn\nYiddish: וואָלקן (volkn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wolkn\nOld English: wolcn, weolcen, wolc, wolcen\nMiddle English: welken (from plural wolcnu)\nEnglish: welkin\nScots: walk, wak (from wolc)\nOld Frisian: wolken, wulken, ulken\nNorth Frisian: wolk\nWest Frisian: wolken, wolke, wolk\nOld Saxon: wolkan, wolcan\nMiddle Low German: wolken, wulken\nOld Dutch: uulcun, wulkon\nMiddle Dutch: wolken\nOld High German: wolkan, wolcan\nMiddle High German: wolken, wulken n or f or m\nBavarian: Woikn, Wolkn\nYiddish: וואָלקן (volkn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wl̥g-nó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wl̥g-nó-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*welg-",
"3": "*-nós",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "wet, damp"
},
"expansion": "*welg- (“wet, damp”) + *-nós",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Nominalized from Proto-Indo-European *wl̥g-nó-s, from *welg- (“wet, damp”) + *-nós.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wulkną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wulkną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wulkną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wulkną",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cloud"
],
"id": "en-wulkną-gem-pro-noun-VmgQELdT",
"links": [
[
"cloud",
"cloud"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "welkaz"
},
{
"word": "wulkô"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic *wulku f (“cloud”)",
"word": "Wulke"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Old Dutch: wulko",
"tags": [
"Dutch",
"Middle"
],
"word": "wolke"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wolke",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "Wulche"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wolke",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Wolke"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wolke",
"tags": [
"Luxembourgish"
],
"word": "Wollek"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wolke",
"word": "Mòcheno: bolkh"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*himinaz"
},
{
"word": "*melhmô"
},
{
"word": "*mihstaz"
},
{
"word": "*skiwją"
},
{
"word": "*skiwô"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwulk.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "wulkną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*wolkn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wolkn\nOld English: wolcn, weolcen, wolc, wolcen\nMiddle English: welken (from plural wolcnu)\nEnglish: welkin\nScots: walk, wak (from wolc)\nOld Frisian: wolken, wulken, ulken\nNorth Frisian: wolk\nWest Frisian: wolken, wolke, wolk\nOld Saxon: wolkan, wolcan\nMiddle Low German: wolken, wulken\nOld Dutch: uulcun, wulkon\nMiddle Dutch: wolken\nOld High German: wolkan, wolcan\nMiddle High German: wolken, wulken n or f or m\nBavarian: Woikn, Wolkn\nYiddish: וואָלקן (volkn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wolkn\nOld English: wolcn, weolcen, wolc, wolcen\nMiddle English: welken (from plural wolcnu)\nEnglish: welkin\nScots: walk, wak (from wolc)\nOld Frisian: wolken, wulken, ulken\nNorth Frisian: wolk\nWest Frisian: wolken, wolke, wolk\nOld Saxon: wolkan, wolcan\nMiddle Low German: wolken, wulken\nOld Dutch: uulcun, wulkon\nMiddle Dutch: wolken\nOld High German: wolkan, wolcan\nMiddle High German: wolken, wulken n or f or m\nBavarian: Woikn, Wolkn\nYiddish: וואָלקן (volkn)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*welg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wl̥g-nó-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wl̥g-nó-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*welg-",
"3": "*-nós",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "wet, damp"
},
"expansion": "*welg- (“wet, damp”) + *-nós",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Nominalized from Proto-Indo-European *wl̥g-nó-s, from *welg- (“wet, damp”) + *-nós.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wulkną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wulkną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "wulkną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wulknamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wulkną",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "welkaz"
},
{
"word": "wulkô"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic *wulku f (“cloud”)",
"word": "Wulke"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Old Dutch: wulko",
"tags": [
"Dutch",
"Middle"
],
"word": "wolke"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wolke",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "Wulche"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wolke",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Wolke"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wolke",
"tags": [
"Luxembourgish"
],
"word": "Wollek"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: wolke",
"word": "Mòcheno: bolkh"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *welg-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"gem-pro:Clouds"
],
"glosses": [
"cloud"
],
"links": [
[
"cloud",
"cloud"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*himinaz"
},
{
"word": "*melhmô"
},
{
"word": "*mihstaz"
},
{
"word": "*skiwją"
},
{
"word": "*skiwô"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwulk.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "wulkną"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.