See wrīhaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*wrīhan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wrīhan, *wrīan, *wrīgan\nOld English: wrēon (“to cover (up)”)\nMiddle English: wrihen, wreon, wrien, wryen\nEnglish: wry\nOld Frisian: *wrīgia\nWest Frisian: riuwe (“to bind with twine; to constrict”)\n⇒ Old Frisian: wreigenge (“bedcover, duvet”)\n⇒ Old Frisian: wrichte (“battle-garment”)\nOld Saxon: *wrīgan, *wrīan\nMiddle Low German: rîgen, rîen\nGerman Low German:\nAltmärkisch: rîn\nLow Prussian: rêgen\nWestphalian:\nBentheimisch: rîgen\nDortmundisch, Sauerländisch: riggen\nSauerländisch: reyjen (Wenden)\nEast Westphalian: rüijen, rüigen, röjjen (Lippe), ruijjen (Ravensberg)\nWestmünsterländisch: rijen\nOld Dutch: *rīgan, *rīan\nMiddle Dutch: rîen (“to bind with twine”), rijenn, rîgen\nDutch: rijgen\nLimburgish: riege\nOld High German: rīhan, *rīgan\nMiddle High German: rîhen, rîgen, rîhhen (“to pleat; to impale”)\nGerman: reihen\nLuxembourgish: reien", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wrīhan, *wrīan, *wrīgan\nOld English: wrēon (“to cover (up)”)\nMiddle English: wrihen, wreon, wrien, wryen\nEnglish: wry\nOld Frisian: *wrīgia\nWest Frisian: riuwe (“to bind with twine; to constrict”)\n⇒ Old Frisian: wreigenge (“bedcover, duvet”)\n⇒ Old Frisian: wrichte (“battle-garment”)\nOld Saxon: *wrīgan, *wrīan\nMiddle Low German: rîgen, rîen\nGerman Low German:\nAltmärkisch: rîn\nLow Prussian: rêgen\nWestphalian:\nBentheimisch: rîgen\nDortmundisch, Sauerländisch: riggen\nSauerländisch: reyjen (Wenden)\nEast Westphalian: rüijen, rüigen, röjjen (Lippe), ruijjen (Ravensberg)\nWestmünsterländisch: rijen\nOld Dutch: *rīgan, *rīan\nMiddle Dutch: rîen (“to bind with twine”), rijenn, rîgen\nDutch: rijgen\nLimburgish: riege\nOld High German: rīhan, *rīgan\nMiddle High German: rîhen, rîgen, rîhhen (“to pleat; to impale”)\nGerman: reihen\nLuxembourgish: reien" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wreyḱ-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wreyḱ-", "4": "", "5": "to twist, weave, bind" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to twist, weave, bind”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "rīca", "3": "", "4": "veil, toile" }, "expansion": "Latin rīca (“veil, toile”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to twist, weave, bind”). Cognate with Latin rīca (“veil, toile”).", "forms": [ { "form": "strong", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-st", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "wrīhō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhizi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīh", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhazai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaizau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhidi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhadau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhadai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaidau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaidiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wraih", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrigį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wraiht", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrigīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wraih", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wrigīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrigudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrigum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrigīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrigud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrigun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "wriganaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wrīh", "2": "wraih", "3": "wrig", "4": "wrig", "class": "1" }, "name": "gem-conj-st" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrīhaną", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "word": "wristuz" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to wind, turn" ], "id": "en-wrīhaną-gem-pro-verb-~Yi6l~-n", "links": [ [ "wind", "wind" ], [ "turn", "turn" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "37 63", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 77", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 84", "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "to wrap, cover, shroud, envelop" ], "id": "en-wrīhaną-gem-pro-verb-GHKi7RSD", "links": [ [ "wrap", "wrap" ], [ "cover", "cover" ], [ "shroud", "shroud" ], [ "envelop", "envelop" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈwriː.xɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "wrīhaną" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Germanic class 1 strong verbs", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wreyḱ-", "Proto-Germanic verbs" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*wrīhan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *wrīhan, *wrīan, *wrīgan\nOld English: wrēon (“to cover (up)”)\nMiddle English: wrihen, wreon, wrien, wryen\nEnglish: wry\nOld Frisian: *wrīgia\nWest Frisian: riuwe (“to bind with twine; to constrict”)\n⇒ Old Frisian: wreigenge (“bedcover, duvet”)\n⇒ Old Frisian: wrichte (“battle-garment”)\nOld Saxon: *wrīgan, *wrīan\nMiddle Low German: rîgen, rîen\nGerman Low German:\nAltmärkisch: rîn\nLow Prussian: rêgen\nWestphalian:\nBentheimisch: rîgen\nDortmundisch, Sauerländisch: riggen\nSauerländisch: reyjen (Wenden)\nEast Westphalian: rüijen, rüigen, röjjen (Lippe), ruijjen (Ravensberg)\nWestmünsterländisch: rijen\nOld Dutch: *rīgan, *rīan\nMiddle Dutch: rîen (“to bind with twine”), rijenn, rîgen\nDutch: rijgen\nLimburgish: riege\nOld High German: rīhan, *rīgan\nMiddle High German: rîhen, rîgen, rîhhen (“to pleat; to impale”)\nGerman: reihen\nLuxembourgish: reien", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *wrīhan, *wrīan, *wrīgan\nOld English: wrēon (“to cover (up)”)\nMiddle English: wrihen, wreon, wrien, wryen\nEnglish: wry\nOld Frisian: *wrīgia\nWest Frisian: riuwe (“to bind with twine; to constrict”)\n⇒ Old Frisian: wreigenge (“bedcover, duvet”)\n⇒ Old Frisian: wrichte (“battle-garment”)\nOld Saxon: *wrīgan, *wrīan\nMiddle Low German: rîgen, rîen\nGerman Low German:\nAltmärkisch: rîn\nLow Prussian: rêgen\nWestphalian:\nBentheimisch: rîgen\nDortmundisch, Sauerländisch: riggen\nSauerländisch: reyjen (Wenden)\nEast Westphalian: rüijen, rüigen, röjjen (Lippe), ruijjen (Ravensberg)\nWestmünsterländisch: rijen\nOld Dutch: *rīgan, *rīan\nMiddle Dutch: rîen (“to bind with twine”), rijenn, rîgen\nDutch: rijgen\nLimburgish: riege\nOld High German: rīhan, *rīgan\nMiddle High German: rîhen, rîgen, rîhhen (“to pleat; to impale”)\nGerman: reihen\nLuxembourgish: reien" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wreyḱ-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*wreyḱ-", "4": "", "5": "to twist, weave, bind" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to twist, weave, bind”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "rīca", "3": "", "4": "veil, toile" }, "expansion": "Latin rīca (“veil, toile”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to twist, weave, bind”). Cognate with Latin rīca (“veil, toile”).", "forms": [ { "form": "strong", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-st", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "wrīhō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhizi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīh", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhazai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaizau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhidi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhadau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhadai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaidau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaidiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wraih", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrigį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wraiht", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "wrigīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wraih", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "wrigīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrigudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrigum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "wrigīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrigud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "wrigun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrigīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "wrīhandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "wriganaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "wrīh", "2": "wraih", "3": "wrig", "4": "wrig", "class": "1" }, "name": "gem-conj-st" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrīhaną", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "word": "wristuz" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "to wind, turn" ], "links": [ [ "wind", "wind" ], [ "turn", "turn" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] }, { "glosses": [ "to wrap, cover, shroud, envelop" ], "links": [ [ "wrap", "wrap" ], [ "cover", "cover" ], [ "shroud", "shroud" ], [ "envelop", "envelop" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈwriː.xɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "wrīhaną" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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