"werką" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See werką in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈwer.kɑ̃/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom, from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (whence *wurkijaną). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔργον (érgon). Etymology templates: {{etymon|gem-pro|inh|ine-pro>*wérǵom>work|id=work}}, {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*werǵ-}}, {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|*wérǵom}} Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*werǵ-}} Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-, {{cog|grc|ἔργον}} Ancient Greek ἔργον (érgon) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], werką [nominative, singular], werkō [nominative, plural], werką [singular, vocative], werkō [plural, vocative], werką [accusative, singular], werkō [accusative, plural], werkas [genitive, singular], wirkis [genitive, singular], werkǫ̂ [genitive, plural], wirkai [dative, singular], werkamaz [dative, plural], werkō [instrumental, singular], werkamiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. work Tags: neuter, reconstruction Derived forms: dagawerką, handuwerką, werkadagaz, wirkijaną Related terms: wurkijaną
    Sense id: en-werką-gem-pro-noun-AOE-169V
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈwer.kɑ̃/
Etymology: Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ-nó-. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *werk-nó-, *werḱ-nó-. Etymology templates: {{unc|gem-pro}} Uncertain, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*werǵʰ-nó-}} Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ-nó-, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*werk-nó-}} Proto-Indo-European *werk-nó- Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], werką [nominative, singular], werkō [nominative, plural], werką [singular, vocative], werkō [plural, vocative], werką [accusative, singular], werkō [accusative, plural], werkas [genitive, singular], wirkis [genitive, singular], werkǫ̂ [genitive, plural], wirkai [dative, singular], werkamaz [dative, plural], werkō [instrumental, singular], werkamiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. rope or cord, especially one made of hemp Tags: neuter, reconstruction Related terms: werganą [possibly], wurgijaną [possibly], wurkiją Related terms (Middle High German: *āwirche): Äwerg Related terms (Old Dutch: *wirki): wercke [Dutch, Middle] Related terms (Old Saxon: *wirki; Middle Low German): werke
    Sense id: en-werką-gem-pro-noun-SSRF5qqF Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 3 97 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 2 98
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *werk\nOld English: weorc, worc\nMiddle English: werk, work\nScots: wark\nEnglish: work\nOld Frisian: werk, wirk\nSaterland Frisian: Wierk\nWest Frisian: wurk\nOld Saxon: werk\nMiddle Low German: wark, werk\nLow German: wark, werk\nOld Dutch: werc\nMiddle Dutch: werk, wark\nDutch: werk\nAfrikaans: werk\nOld High German: werc, werh, werah\nMiddle High German: wërc\nGerman: Werk\nLuxembourgish: Wierk",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *werk\nOld English: weorc, worc\nMiddle English: werk, work\nScots: wark\nEnglish: work\nOld Frisian: werk, wirk\nSaterland Frisian: Wierk\nWest Frisian: wurk\nOld Saxon: werk\nMiddle Low German: wark, werk\nLow German: wark, werk\nOld Dutch: werc\nMiddle Dutch: werk, wark\nDutch: werk\nAfrikaans: werk\nOld High German: werc, werh, werah\nMiddle High German: wërc\nGerman: Werk\nLuxembourgish: Wierk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "verk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: verk\nIcelandic: verk\nFaroese: verk\nNorwegian Bokmål: verk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: verk\nOld Swedish: værk\nSwedish: verk\nOld Danish: værk\nDanish: værk\nOld Gutnish: werk",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: verk\nIcelandic: verk\nFaroese: verk\nNorwegian Bokmål: verk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: verk\nOld Swedish: værk\nSwedish: verk\nOld Danish: værk\nDanish: værk\nOld Gutnish: werk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "ine-pro>*wérǵom>work",
        "id": "work"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*werǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wérǵom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*werǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἔργον"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἔργον (érgon)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom, from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (whence *wurkijaną). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔργον (érgon).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirkis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirkai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/werką",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "dagawerką"
        },
        {
          "word": "handuwerką"
        },
        {
          "word": "werkadagaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "wirkijaną"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "work"
      ],
      "id": "en-werką-gem-pro-noun-AOE-169V",
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "wurkijaną"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwer.kɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "werką"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*werk",
            "3": "*wirk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *werk, *wirk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *werk, *wirk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "Wäierk",
            "3": "Wíerk"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Wäierk, Wíerk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: Wäierk, Wíerk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "wurk"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: wurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: wurk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "werk",
            "3": "wark"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: werk, wark",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: werk, wark"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "værk",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: værk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: værk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "verk",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Norwegian: verk",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Norwegian: verk (archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "werc"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: werc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: werc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "warq",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: warq",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: warq (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "werh",
            "3": "werah",
            "4": "werc",
            "5": "werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: werh, werah, werc, werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: werh, werah, werc, werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "werc",
            "3": "werch",
            "4": "werich"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: werc, werch, werich",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: werc, werch, werich"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Werg"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Werg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Werg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*vërka",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *vërka",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *vërka (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*werǵʰ-nó-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ-nó-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*werk-nó-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werk-nó-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ-nó-. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *werk-nó-, *werḱ-nó-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirkis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirkai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/werką",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rope or cord, especially one made of hemp"
      ],
      "id": "en-werką-gem-pro-noun-SSRF5qqF",
      "links": [
        [
          "rope",
          "rope"
        ],
        [
          "cord",
          "cord"
        ],
        [
          "hemp",
          "hemp"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "possibly"
          ],
          "word": "werganą"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "possibly"
          ],
          "word": "wurgijaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "wurkiją"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Old Saxon: *wirki; Middle Low German",
          "word": "werke"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Old Dutch: *wirki",
          "tags": [
            "Dutch",
            "Middle"
          ],
          "word": "wercke"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Middle High German: *āwirche",
          "word": "Äwerg"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwer.kɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "werką"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dagawerką"
    },
    {
      "word": "handuwerką"
    },
    {
      "word": "werkadagaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "wirkijaną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *werk\nOld English: weorc, worc\nMiddle English: werk, work\nScots: wark\nEnglish: work\nOld Frisian: werk, wirk\nSaterland Frisian: Wierk\nWest Frisian: wurk\nOld Saxon: werk\nMiddle Low German: wark, werk\nLow German: wark, werk\nOld Dutch: werc\nMiddle Dutch: werk, wark\nDutch: werk\nAfrikaans: werk\nOld High German: werc, werh, werah\nMiddle High German: wërc\nGerman: Werk\nLuxembourgish: Wierk",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *werk\nOld English: weorc, worc\nMiddle English: werk, work\nScots: wark\nEnglish: work\nOld Frisian: werk, wirk\nSaterland Frisian: Wierk\nWest Frisian: wurk\nOld Saxon: werk\nMiddle Low German: wark, werk\nLow German: wark, werk\nOld Dutch: werc\nMiddle Dutch: werk, wark\nDutch: werk\nAfrikaans: werk\nOld High German: werc, werh, werah\nMiddle High German: wërc\nGerman: Werk\nLuxembourgish: Wierk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "verk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: verk\nIcelandic: verk\nFaroese: verk\nNorwegian Bokmål: verk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: verk\nOld Swedish: værk\nSwedish: verk\nOld Danish: værk\nDanish: værk\nOld Gutnish: werk",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: verk\nIcelandic: verk\nFaroese: verk\nNorwegian Bokmål: verk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: verk\nOld Swedish: værk\nSwedish: verk\nOld Danish: værk\nDanish: værk\nOld Gutnish: werk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "inh",
        "3": "ine-pro>*wérǵom>work",
        "id": "work"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*werǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wérǵom"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*werǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werǵ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἔργον"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἔργον (érgon)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom, from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (whence *wurkijaną). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔργον (érgon).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirkis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirkai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/werką",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "wurkijaną"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "work"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwer.kɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "werką"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*werk",
            "3": "*wirk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *werk, *wirk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *werk, *wirk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "Wäierk",
            "3": "Wíerk"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Wäierk, Wíerk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: Wäierk, Wíerk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "wurk"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: wurk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: wurk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "werk",
            "3": "wark"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: werk, wark",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: werk, wark"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "værk",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: værk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: værk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "verk",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Norwegian: verk",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(archaic)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Norwegian: verk (archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "werc"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: werc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: werc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "warq",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ French: warq",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "gl"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ French: warq (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "werh",
            "3": "werah",
            "4": "werc",
            "5": "werk"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: werh, werah, werc, werk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: werh, werah, werc, werk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "werc",
            "3": "werch",
            "4": "werich"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: werc, werch, werich",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: werc, werch, werich"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Werg"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Werg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Werg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*vërka",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *vërka",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *vërka (see there for further descendants)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*werǵʰ-nó-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ-nó-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*werk-nó-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werk-nó-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *werǵʰ-nó-. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *werk-nó-, *werḱ-nó-.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werką",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirkis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wirkai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "werkamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/werką",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "werganą"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Old Saxon: *wirki; Middle Low German",
      "word": "werke"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Old Dutch: *wirki",
      "tags": [
        "Dutch",
        "Middle"
      ],
      "word": "wercke"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Middle High German: *āwirche",
      "word": "Äwerg"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "wurgijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "wurkiją"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rope or cord, especially one made of hemp"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rope",
          "rope"
        ],
        [
          "cord",
          "cord"
        ],
        [
          "hemp",
          "hemp"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwer.kɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "werką"
}

Download raw JSONL data for werką meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.