wīlą in Proto-Germanic

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Etymology: Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to turn, bend”) + *-ilą (“neuter agentive suffix”). The suffix is the neuter form of *-ilaz. Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*weh₁y-|t=to turn, bend}} Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to turn, bend”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], wīlą [nominative, singular], wīlō [nominative, plural], wīlą [singular, vocative], wīlō [plural, vocative], wīlą [accusative, singular], wīlō [accusative, plural], wīlas [genitive, singular], wīlis [genitive, singular], wīlǫ̂ [genitive, plural], wīlai [dative, singular], wīlamaz [dative, plural], wīlō [instrumental, singular], wīlamiz [instrumental, plural]

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "wīl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: wīl\nMiddle English: wile\nEnglish: wile",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: wīl\nMiddle English: wile\nEnglish: wile"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "guile",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: guile",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: guile (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "vél"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: vél, væl\nIcelandic: vél",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: vél, væl\nIcelandic: vél"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weh₁y-",
        "t": "to turn, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to turn, bend”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to turn, bend”) + *-ilą (“neuter agentive suffix”). The suffix is the neuter form of *-ilaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wīlą",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "craft"
      ],
      "id": "en-wīlą-gem-pro-noun-NVVD95Cj",
      "links": [
        [
          "craft",
          "craft"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "deceit"
      ],
      "id": "en-wīlą-gem-pro-noun-ALmPvmej",
      "links": [
        [
          "deceit",
          "deceit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "wīlą"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "wīl"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: wīl\nMiddle English: wile\nEnglish: wile",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: wīl\nMiddle English: wile\nEnglish: wile"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "guile",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: guile",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: guile (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "vél"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: vél, væl\nIcelandic: vél",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: vél, væl\nIcelandic: vél"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weh₁y-",
        "t": "to turn, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to turn, bend”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y- (“to turn, bend”) + *-ilą (“neuter agentive suffix”). The suffix is the neuter form of *-ilaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wīlamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wīlą",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "craft"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "craft",
          "craft"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "deceit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "deceit",
          "deceit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "wīlą"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"wīlą" meaning in Proto-Germanic

Noun