See uhnaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*ofn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *ofn\nOld English: ofn, ofen, ofen\nMiddle English: oven\nScots: ovin, uven, une\nEnglish: oven\n(Please either change this template to or insert a ====Descendants==== section in ofen)\nOld Frisian: oven\nNorth Frisian: oven, ouvn\nSaterland Frisian: Ougend (< *ogn ?)\nWest Frisian: ûne, ûn\nOld Saxon: *ovan\nMiddle Low German: ōven\nGerman Low German: Aven\nOld Dutch: *ovan\nMiddle Dutch: ōven\nDutch: oven\nAfrikaans: oond\nNegerhollands: oven\n→ Caribbean Javanese: ofen\n→ Indonesian: oven\n→ Sranan Tongo: onfu\n→ Saramaccan: ónfu\nLimburgish: aove\nWest Flemish: oven\nZealandic: oven\nOld High German: ofan, ovan\nMiddle High German: oven, ofen\nCentral Franconian: Ovve, Owe, Oawe, Uawe (Moselle Franconian)\nHunsrik: Ove\nLuxembourgish: Uewen\nTransylvanian Saxon: Owen, Îewen\nGerman: Ofen\nVilamovian: uwa\nYiddish: אויוון (oyvn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *ofn\nOld English: ofn, ofen, ofen\nMiddle English: oven\nScots: ovin, uven, une\nEnglish: oven\n(Please either change this template to {{desc}} or insert a ====Descendants==== section in ofen)\nOld Frisian: oven\nNorth Frisian: oven, ouvn\nSaterland Frisian: Ougend (< *ogn ?)\nWest Frisian: ûne, ûn\nOld Saxon: *ovan\nMiddle Low German: ōven\nGerman Low German: Aven\nOld Dutch: *ovan\nMiddle Dutch: ōven\nDutch: oven\nAfrikaans: oond\nNegerhollands: oven\n→ Caribbean Javanese: ofen\n→ Indonesian: oven\n→ Sranan Tongo: onfu\n→ Saramaccan: ónfu\nLimburgish: aove\nWest Flemish: oven\nZealandic: oven\nOld High German: ofan, ovan\nMiddle High German: oven, ofen\nCentral Franconian: Ovve, Owe, Oawe, Uawe (Moselle Franconian)\nHunsrik: Ove\nLuxembourgish: Uewen\nTransylvanian Saxon: Owen, Îewen\nGerman: Ofen\nVilamovian: uwa\nYiddish: אויוון (oyvn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ofn",
"3": "omn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: ofn, omn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: ofn, omn; *ogn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofn"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: ofn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: ofn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "ovnur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: ovnur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: ovnur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Norwegian: ovn; ogn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "omn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: omn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: omn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "ogn<q:dialectal>",
"3": "obn",
"4": "ovn<qq:South Western Norway>",
"5": ";",
"6": "obm",
"7": "om",
"8": "ømn",
"9": "umn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: (dialectal) ogn, obn, ovn (South Western Norway); obm, om, ømn, umn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: (dialectal) ogn, obn, ovn (South Western Norway); obm, om, ømn, umn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "oghn",
"3": "ughn"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: oghn, ughn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: oghn, ughn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ugn"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: ugn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: ugn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "uuni",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: uuni",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: uuni"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "ofn"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: ofn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: ofn; ouæn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ovn"
},
"expansion": "Danish: ovn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: ovn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ovn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: ovn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: ovn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌽𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌽𐍃 (auhns)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌽𐍃 (auhns)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*uunas",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *uunas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *uunas (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"id": "oven"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उखा"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit उखा (ukhā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "anë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian anë",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἰπνός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἰπνός (ipnós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ōlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin ōlla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*ofn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ofn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Wanderwort"
},
"expansion": "Wanderwort",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"t": "baking kiln, fire-pit, broiler (oven)",
"tr": "ḫappen-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (ḫappen-, “baking kiln, fire-pit, broiler (oven)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wumpnis",
"t": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian wumpnis (“oven”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zle",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "East Slavic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Arabic",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ascribed to a Proto-Indo-European root *h₂uk-, *h₂ewk- (“a closed container or vessel for cooking; cookpot; oven”) or similar by equation with Sanskrit उखा (ukhā), Albanian anë, Ancient Greek ἰπνός (ipnós), Latin ōlla. It is unclear whether the byform *ufnaz (Proto-West Germanic *ofn) is the same word, or represents a different word altogether.\nKroonen suggests that the word is a Wanderwort from a pre-IE substrate language, adducing Hittite [script needed] (ḫappen-, “baking kiln, fire-pit, broiler (oven)”), Old Prussian wumpnis (“oven”) as additional cognates. Native terms for ovens and stoves are not taken for granted: the East Slavic term плита́ (plitá, “stove”) appears from Ancient Greek in the Middle Ages, against the earlier new formation печь (pečʹ, “oven”), and Arabic, in a warmer climate, seems to have many but no native terms: أَتُّون (ʔattūn), تَنُّور (tannūr), فُرْن (furn), قَمِين (qamīn).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uhną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/uhnaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oven; furnace"
],
"id": "en-uhnaz-gem-pro-noun-oZ5BYSx2",
"links": [
[
"oven",
"oven"
],
[
"furnace",
"furnace"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "uhnaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*ofn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *ofn\nOld English: ofn, ofen, ofen\nMiddle English: oven\nScots: ovin, uven, une\nEnglish: oven\n(Please either change this template to or insert a ====Descendants==== section in ofen)\nOld Frisian: oven\nNorth Frisian: oven, ouvn\nSaterland Frisian: Ougend (< *ogn ?)\nWest Frisian: ûne, ûn\nOld Saxon: *ovan\nMiddle Low German: ōven\nGerman Low German: Aven\nOld Dutch: *ovan\nMiddle Dutch: ōven\nDutch: oven\nAfrikaans: oond\nNegerhollands: oven\n→ Caribbean Javanese: ofen\n→ Indonesian: oven\n→ Sranan Tongo: onfu\n→ Saramaccan: ónfu\nLimburgish: aove\nWest Flemish: oven\nZealandic: oven\nOld High German: ofan, ovan\nMiddle High German: oven, ofen\nCentral Franconian: Ovve, Owe, Oawe, Uawe (Moselle Franconian)\nHunsrik: Ove\nLuxembourgish: Uewen\nTransylvanian Saxon: Owen, Îewen\nGerman: Ofen\nVilamovian: uwa\nYiddish: אויוון (oyvn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *ofn\nOld English: ofn, ofen, ofen\nMiddle English: oven\nScots: ovin, uven, une\nEnglish: oven\n(Please either change this template to {{desc}} or insert a ====Descendants==== section in ofen)\nOld Frisian: oven\nNorth Frisian: oven, ouvn\nSaterland Frisian: Ougend (< *ogn ?)\nWest Frisian: ûne, ûn\nOld Saxon: *ovan\nMiddle Low German: ōven\nGerman Low German: Aven\nOld Dutch: *ovan\nMiddle Dutch: ōven\nDutch: oven\nAfrikaans: oond\nNegerhollands: oven\n→ Caribbean Javanese: ofen\n→ Indonesian: oven\n→ Sranan Tongo: onfu\n→ Saramaccan: ónfu\nLimburgish: aove\nWest Flemish: oven\nZealandic: oven\nOld High German: ofan, ovan\nMiddle High German: oven, ofen\nCentral Franconian: Ovve, Owe, Oawe, Uawe (Moselle Franconian)\nHunsrik: Ove\nLuxembourgish: Uewen\nTransylvanian Saxon: Owen, Îewen\nGerman: Ofen\nVilamovian: uwa\nYiddish: אויוון (oyvn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ofn",
"3": "omn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: ofn, omn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: ofn, omn; *ogn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ofn"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: ofn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: ofn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "ovnur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: ovnur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: ovnur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Norwegian: ovn; ogn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "omn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: omn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: omn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "ogn<q:dialectal>",
"3": "obn",
"4": "ovn<qq:South Western Norway>",
"5": ";",
"6": "obm",
"7": "om",
"8": "ømn",
"9": "umn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: (dialectal) ogn, obn, ovn (South Western Norway); obm, om, ømn, umn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: (dialectal) ogn, obn, ovn (South Western Norway); obm, om, ømn, umn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "oghn",
"3": "ughn"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: oghn, ughn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: oghn, ughn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ugn"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: ugn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: ugn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "uuni",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: uuni",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: uuni"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "ofn"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: ofn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: ofn; ouæn"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ovn"
},
"expansion": "Danish: ovn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: ovn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ovn"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: ovn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: ovn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌽𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌽𐍃 (auhns)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌽𐍃 (auhns)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*uunas",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *uunas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *uunas (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"id": "oven"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "उखा"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit उखा (ukhā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "anë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian anë",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἰπνός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἰπνός (ipnós)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ōlla"
},
"expansion": "Latin ōlla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*ofn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *ofn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Wanderwort"
},
"expansion": "Wanderwort",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"t": "baking kiln, fire-pit, broiler (oven)",
"tr": "ḫappen-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (ḫappen-, “baking kiln, fire-pit, broiler (oven)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "wumpnis",
"t": "oven"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian wumpnis (“oven”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zle",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "East Slavic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Arabic",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ascribed to a Proto-Indo-European root *h₂uk-, *h₂ewk- (“a closed container or vessel for cooking; cookpot; oven”) or similar by equation with Sanskrit उखा (ukhā), Albanian anë, Ancient Greek ἰπνός (ipnós), Latin ōlla. It is unclear whether the byform *ufnaz (Proto-West Germanic *ofn) is the same word, or represents a different word altogether.\nKroonen suggests that the word is a Wanderwort from a pre-IE substrate language, adducing Hittite [script needed] (ḫappen-, “baking kiln, fire-pit, broiler (oven)”), Old Prussian wumpnis (“oven”) as additional cognates. Native terms for ovens and stoves are not taken for granted: the East Slavic term плита́ (plitá, “stove”) appears from Ancient Greek in the Middle Ages, against the earlier new formation печь (pečʹ, “oven”), and Arabic, in a warmer climate, seems to have many but no native terms: أَتُّون (ʔattūn), تَنُّور (tannūr), فُرْن (furn), قَمِين (qamīn).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "uhną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "uhnamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/uhnaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Requests for native script for Hittite terms"
],
"glosses": [
"oven; furnace"
],
"links": [
[
"oven",
"oven"
],
[
"furnace",
"furnace"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"word": "uhnaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for uhnaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (8.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.