See tugilaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for tugilaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "tyġel"
},
"expansion": "Old English: tyġel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: tyġel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Tögel"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Tögel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Tögel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*tugil"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *tugil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *tugil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "toghel",
"3": "teugel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: toghel, teugel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: toghel, teugel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "teugel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: teugel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: teugel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zugil"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zugil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zugil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zugel",
"3": "zügel"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: zugel, zügel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: zugel, zügel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Zügel"
},
"expansion": "German: Zügel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Zügel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cugiel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: cugiel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: cugiel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Zigel"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Zigel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Zigel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tygill"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: tygill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: tygill"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "tygill"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: tygill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: tygill"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "tøjle"
},
"expansion": "Danish: tøjle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: tøjle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "tøyle"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: tøyle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: tøyle"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "tygel"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: tygel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: tygel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tygel"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: tygel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: tygel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ilaz",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "+ *-ilaz",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the root *tug- as in *tugōną and *taugijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-, + *-ilaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tugilaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ilaz (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rein (on a horse)"
],
"id": "en-tugilaz-gem-pro-noun-8GFes7dY",
"links": [
[
"rein",
"rein"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tugilaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "tyġel"
},
"expansion": "Old English: tyġel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: tyġel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Tögel"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Tögel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Tögel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*tugil"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *tugil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *tugil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "toghel",
"3": "teugel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: toghel, teugel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: toghel, teugel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "teugel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: teugel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: teugel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zugil"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zugil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zugil"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zugel",
"3": "zügel"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: zugel, zügel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: zugel, zügel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Zügel"
},
"expansion": "German: Zügel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Zügel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cugiel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: cugiel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: cugiel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Zigel"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Zigel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Zigel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tygill"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: tygill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: tygill"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "tygill"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: tygill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: tygill"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "tøjle"
},
"expansion": "Danish: tøjle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: tøjle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "tøyle"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: tøyle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: tøyle"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "tygel"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: tygel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: tygel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "tygel"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: tygel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: tygel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*-ilaz",
"id2": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "+ *-ilaz",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the root *tug- as in *tugōną and *taugijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-, + *-ilaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tugilamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tugilaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ilaz (agent noun)"
],
"glosses": [
"rein (on a horse)"
],
"links": [
[
"rein",
"rein"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tugilaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (e79c026 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.