trūþaz in Proto-Germanic

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Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *drūt- (“jester, fool”). Cognate with Irish drúth (“fool”). Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*drūt-||jester, fool}} Proto-Indo-European *drūt- (“jester, fool”), {{cog|ga|drúth||fool}} Irish drúth (“fool”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], trūþaz [nominative, singular], trūþōz [nominative, plural], trūþōs [nominative, plural], trūþ [singular, vocative], trūþōz [plural, vocative], trūþōs [plural, vocative], trūþą [accusative, singular], trūþanz [accusative, plural], trūþas [genitive, singular], trūþis [genitive, singular], trūþǫ̂ [genitive, plural], trūþai [dative, singular], trūþamaz [dative, plural], trūþō [instrumental, singular], trūþamiz [instrumental, plural]

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "trūþ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: trūþ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: trūþ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "truþ",
            "alt": "trūþ"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: trūþ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: trūþ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "trúðr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: trúðr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: trúðr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "trúður"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: trúður",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: trúður"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*drūt-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "jester, fool"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *drūt- (“jester, fool”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "drúth",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fool"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish drúth (“fool”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *drūt- (“jester, fool”). Cognate with Irish drúth (“fool”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/trūþaz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "showman, actor, buffoon, jester, clown"
      ],
      "id": "en-trūþaz-gem-pro-noun-6XZrzCxz",
      "links": [
        [
          "showman",
          "showman"
        ],
        [
          "actor",
          "actor"
        ],
        [
          "buffoon",
          "buffoon"
        ],
        [
          "jester",
          "jester"
        ],
        [
          "clown",
          "clown"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "trūþaz"
}

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "trūþ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: trūþ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: trūþ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "truþ",
            "alt": "trūþ"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: trūþ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: trūþ"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "trúðr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: trúðr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: trúðr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "trúður"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: trúður",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: trúður"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*drūt-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "jester, fool"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *drūt- (“jester, fool”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "drúth",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fool"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish drúth (“fool”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *drūt- (“jester, fool”). Cognate with Irish drúth (“fool”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trūþamiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/trūþaz",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "showman, actor, buffoon, jester, clown"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "showman",
          "showman"
        ],
        [
          "actor",
          "actor"
        ],
        [
          "buffoon",
          "buffoon"
        ],
        [
          "jester",
          "jester"
        ],
        [
          "clown",
          "clown"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "trūþaz"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"trūþaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

Noun