See tiną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for tiną meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*tin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *tin\nOld English: tin\nMiddle English: tyn, tin, tyne, tynne\nEnglish: tin\n→ Atong (India): tin\n→ Iban: tin\n→ Indonesian: tin\n→ Norman: tinne\nTok Pisin: tin\nScots: tin\nOld Frisian: tinn\nSaterland Frisian: Tin\nWest Frisian: tin\nOld Saxon: tin\nMiddle Low German: tin, ten\nGerman Low German: Tinn\nOld Dutch: *tin\nMiddle Dutch: tin, ten\nDutch: tin\nAfrikaans: tin\nOld High German: zin\nMiddle High German: zin\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Zinn\nGerman: Zinn\n→ Czech: cín\n→ Polish: cyna\n→ Slovak: cín\nLuxembourgish: Zënn",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *tin\nOld English: tin\nMiddle English: tyn, tin, tyne, tynne\nEnglish: tin\n→ Atong (India): tin\n→ Iban: tin\n→ Indonesian: tin\n→ Norman: tinne\nTok Pisin: tin\nScots: tin\nOld Frisian: tinn\nSaterland Frisian: Tin\nWest Frisian: tin\nOld Saxon: tin\nMiddle Low German: tin, ten\nGerman Low German: Tinn\nOld Dutch: *tin\nMiddle Dutch: tin, ten\nDutch: tin\nAfrikaans: tin\nOld High German: zin\nMiddle High German: zin\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Zinn\nGerman: Zinn\n→ Czech: cín\n→ Polish: cyna\n→ Slovak: cín\nLuxembourgish: Zënn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tin",
"q": "probably a West Germanic loan",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Norse: (probably a West Germanic loan) tin\nIcelandic: tin\nFaroese: tin\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tinn\nNorwegian Bokmål: tinn\nOld Swedish: tin, tēn\nSwedish: tenn\nDanish: tin\nJamtish: tin",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Norse: (probably a West Germanic loan) tin\nIcelandic: tin\nFaroese: tin\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tinn\nNorwegian Bokmål: tinn\nOld Swedish: tin, tēn\nSwedish: tenn\nDanish: tin\nJamtish: tin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*tënē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *tënē",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *tënē (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*tina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *tina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *tina"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"title": "obscure"
},
"expansion": "obscure",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*deyh₂-",
"t": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (“to shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दीप्",
"t": "to blaze, glow"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दीप् (dīp, “to blaze, glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "tinne",
"t": "ingot"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish tinne (“ingot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*stagnos",
"t": "tin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *stagnos (“tin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stannum",
"t": "id"
},
"expansion": "Latin stannum (“id”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of obscure origin, but would have likely evolved from Pre-Proto-Germanic *dinom, which Orel derives from Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (“to shine”); see Sanskrit दीप् (dīp, “to blaze, glow”) for more. Another theory takes the word as a borrowing from a pre-Indo-European substrate of western Europe, based on the tin bronze technology of the area in pre-Indo-European times.\nLikely related to Old Irish tinne (“ingot”) (itself a hapax legomenon). The potential connection to Proto-Celtic *stagnos (“tin”) (whence Latin stannum (“id”)) suffers from many formal issues.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tiną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tiną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tinō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tiną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tinas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tinai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tinō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tiną",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tin (metal)"
],
"id": "en-tiną-gem-pro-noun-hVdmU81J",
"links": [
[
"tin",
"tin"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈti.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "tiną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*tin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *tin\nOld English: tin\nMiddle English: tyn, tin, tyne, tynne\nEnglish: tin\n→ Atong (India): tin\n→ Iban: tin\n→ Indonesian: tin\n→ Norman: tinne\nTok Pisin: tin\nScots: tin\nOld Frisian: tinn\nSaterland Frisian: Tin\nWest Frisian: tin\nOld Saxon: tin\nMiddle Low German: tin, ten\nGerman Low German: Tinn\nOld Dutch: *tin\nMiddle Dutch: tin, ten\nDutch: tin\nAfrikaans: tin\nOld High German: zin\nMiddle High German: zin\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Zinn\nGerman: Zinn\n→ Czech: cín\n→ Polish: cyna\n→ Slovak: cín\nLuxembourgish: Zënn",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *tin\nOld English: tin\nMiddle English: tyn, tin, tyne, tynne\nEnglish: tin\n→ Atong (India): tin\n→ Iban: tin\n→ Indonesian: tin\n→ Norman: tinne\nTok Pisin: tin\nScots: tin\nOld Frisian: tinn\nSaterland Frisian: Tin\nWest Frisian: tin\nOld Saxon: tin\nMiddle Low German: tin, ten\nGerman Low German: Tinn\nOld Dutch: *tin\nMiddle Dutch: tin, ten\nDutch: tin\nAfrikaans: tin\nOld High German: zin\nMiddle High German: zin\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Zinn\nGerman: Zinn\n→ Czech: cín\n→ Polish: cyna\n→ Slovak: cín\nLuxembourgish: Zënn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tin",
"q": "probably a West Germanic loan",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Norse: (probably a West Germanic loan) tin\nIcelandic: tin\nFaroese: tin\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tinn\nNorwegian Bokmål: tinn\nOld Swedish: tin, tēn\nSwedish: tenn\nDanish: tin\nJamtish: tin",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Norse: (probably a West Germanic loan) tin\nIcelandic: tin\nFaroese: tin\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tinn\nNorwegian Bokmål: tinn\nOld Swedish: tin, tēn\nSwedish: tenn\nDanish: tin\nJamtish: tin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*tënē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *tënē",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *tënē (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*tina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *tina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *tina"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"title": "obscure"
},
"expansion": "obscure",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*deyh₂-",
"t": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (“to shine”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "दीप्",
"t": "to blaze, glow"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit दीप् (dīp, “to blaze, glow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "tinne",
"t": "ingot"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish tinne (“ingot”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*stagnos",
"t": "tin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *stagnos (“tin”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stannum",
"t": "id"
},
"expansion": "Latin stannum (“id”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of obscure origin, but would have likely evolved from Pre-Proto-Germanic *dinom, which Orel derives from Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (“to shine”); see Sanskrit दीप् (dīp, “to blaze, glow”) for more. Another theory takes the word as a borrowing from a pre-Indo-European substrate of western Europe, based on the tin bronze technology of the area in pre-Indo-European times.\nLikely related to Old Irish tinne (“ingot”) (itself a hapax legomenon). The potential connection to Proto-Celtic *stagnos (“tin”) (whence Latin stannum (“id”)) suffers from many formal issues.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "tiną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tiną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tinō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tiną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tinas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tinai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tinō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tinamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tiną",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms borrowed from substrate languages",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from substrate languages",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"gem-pro:Metals"
],
"glosses": [
"tin (metal)"
],
"links": [
[
"tin",
"tin"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈti.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "tiną"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.