See targǭ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for targǭ meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*targā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *targā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *targā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "Old English: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: targe; targa m (< *targô)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "targe",
"3": "terge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: targe, terge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: targe, terge; targette, target"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "targ",
"3": "targe",
"4": "tairge"
},
"expansion": "Scots: targ, targe, tairge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: targ, targe, tairge; target"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "English: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: targe; target"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*targa"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *targa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "targe",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle Low German: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle Low German: targe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*targa"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *targa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "targe",
"3": "taerge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: targe, taerge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: targe, taerge"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: targe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "targue",
"3": "tarque",
"4": "targe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: targue, tarque, targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: targue, tarque, targe; *targuette"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: targe"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "French: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: targe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "targa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Medieval Latin: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Medieval Latin: targa; tarcheta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "targa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: targa; targhetta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "tarja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: tarja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: tarja; tarjeta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "tarja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: tarja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: tarja"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "targa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: targa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zarga"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zarga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zarga"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: zarge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: zarge"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Zarge"
},
"expansion": "German: Zarge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Zarge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "targa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: targa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "targa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: targa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*derǵʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "fenced lot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *derǵʰ- (“fenced lot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dergʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to catch, grasp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dergʰ- (“to catch, grasp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "daržas",
"3": "",
"4": "border, halo, enclosure, garden"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian daržas (“border, halo, enclosure, garden”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "подрагъ",
"t": "hem, edge, rim"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic подрагъ (podragŭ, “hem, edge, rim”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *derǵʰ- (“fenced lot”), or from Proto-Indo-European *dergʰ- (“to catch, grasp”). Cognate with Lithuanian daržas (“border, halo, enclosure, garden”), Old Church Slavonic подрагъ (podragŭ, “hem, edge, rim”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "targǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "targǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "targōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "targōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "targōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "targōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "targōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/targǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"edge, rim, border"
],
"id": "en-targǭ-gem-pro-noun-NFuufwiL",
"links": [
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"rim",
"rim"
],
[
"border",
"border"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑr.ɣɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "targǭ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*targā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *targā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *targā"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "Old English: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: targe; targa m (< *targô)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "targe",
"3": "terge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: targe, terge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: targe, terge; targette, target"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "targ",
"3": "targe",
"4": "tairge"
},
"expansion": "Scots: targ, targe, tairge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: targ, targe, tairge; target"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "English: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: targe; target"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*targa"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *targa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "targe",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle Low German: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle Low German: targe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*targa"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *targa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "targe",
"3": "taerge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: targe, taerge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: targe, taerge"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: targe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "targue",
"3": "tarque",
"4": "targe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: targue, tarque, targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: targue, tarque, targe; *targuette"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: targe"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "targe"
},
"expansion": "French: targe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: targe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "targa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Medieval Latin: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Medieval Latin: targa; tarcheta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "targa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: targa; targhetta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "tarja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: tarja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: tarja; tarjeta"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "tarja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Portuguese: tarja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Portuguese: tarja"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "targa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Galician: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Galician: targa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zarga"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: zarga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: zarga"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: zarge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: zarge"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Zarge"
},
"expansion": "German: Zarge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Zarge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "targa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: targa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "targa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: targa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: targa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*derǵʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "fenced lot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *derǵʰ- (“fenced lot”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dergʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to catch, grasp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dergʰ- (“to catch, grasp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "daržas",
"3": "",
"4": "border, halo, enclosure, garden"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian daržas (“border, halo, enclosure, garden”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "подрагъ",
"t": "hem, edge, rim"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic подрагъ (podragŭ, “hem, edge, rim”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *derǵʰ- (“fenced lot”), or from Proto-Indo-European *dergʰ- (“to catch, grasp”). Cognate with Lithuanian daržas (“border, halo, enclosure, garden”), Old Church Slavonic подрагъ (podragŭ, “hem, edge, rim”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "targǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "targǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "targōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "targōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "targōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "targōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "targōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "targōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/targǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic ōn-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"edge, rim, border"
],
"links": [
[
"edge",
"edge"
],
[
"rim",
"rim"
],
[
"border",
"border"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑr.ɣɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "targǭ"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.