See swiknaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "swiknō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sykn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: sykn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: sykn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍃 (swikns)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍃 (swikns)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Ringe (2017: 97) “PIE *h₁su-Hiǵnós ‘good to venerate’ (cf. Skt su-, Homeric Gk ἐϋ- /eu-/ ‘good, well’; Skt yajñás ‘sacrifice’, Gk ἁγνός ‘pure’ with full-grade *Hyaǵ-) > *suignós > PGmc *swiknaz ‘pure’ (cf. Goth. swikns).”",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swikną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swikną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swikniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swikniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swikninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swikninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swiknaz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pure"
],
"id": "en-swiknaz-gem-pro-adj-uLoux-kH",
"links": [
[
"pure",
"pure"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"innocent"
],
"id": "en-swiknaz-gem-pro-adj-TJVTgCL4",
"links": [
[
"innocent",
"innocent"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswik.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "swiknaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "swiknō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sykn"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: sykn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: sykn"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍃 (swikns)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍃 (swikns)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Ringe (2017: 97) “PIE *h₁su-Hiǵnós ‘good to venerate’ (cf. Skt su-, Homeric Gk ἐϋ- /eu-/ ‘good, well’; Skt yajñás ‘sacrifice’, Gk ἁγνός ‘pure’ with full-grade *Hyaǵ-) > *suignós > PGmc *swiknaz ‘pure’ (cf. Goth. swikns).”",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swikną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swikną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swikniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swikniniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swikninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swikninē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swiknammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swiknaz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pure"
],
"links": [
[
"pure",
"pure"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"innocent"
],
"links": [
[
"innocent",
"innocent"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈswik.nɑz/"
}
],
"word": "swiknaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for swiknaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-02 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (db8a5a5 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.