See sumaraz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sumaraz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.8kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sumar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sumar\nOld English: sumor, sumer, sumur\nMiddle English: sumer, somer\nEnglish: summer\nScots: somer, sumer, simmer, simer\nYola: zimmer, zummer\nOld Frisian: sumur, sumer\nSaterland Frisian: Suumer\nWest Frisian: simmer\nOld Saxon: sumar\nMiddle Low German: somer, sommer\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: Summer, Sommer, Sömmer\nWestphalian:\nPaderbornisch: Sumer\nSauerländisch: Suemer, Sūmer, Summer, Sommer\nWestmünsterländisch: Sommer\nPlautdietsch: Somma\nOld Dutch: *sumar\nMiddle Dutch: sōmer\nDutch: zomer\nAfrikaans: somer\nLimburgish: zómmer\nWest Flemish: zommer\nOld High German: sumar\nMiddle High German: sumer\nGerman: Sommer\nHunsrik: Sommer\nLuxembourgish: Summer\nMòcheno: summer\nSilesian East Central German: Summer\nVilamovian: zumer\nYiddish: זומער (zumer)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sumar\nOld English: sumor, sumer, sumur\nMiddle English: sumer, somer\nEnglish: summer\nScots: somer, sumer, simmer, simer\nYola: zimmer, zummer\nOld Frisian: sumur, sumer\nSaterland Frisian: Suumer\nWest Frisian: simmer\nOld Saxon: sumar\nMiddle Low German: somer, sommer\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: Summer, Sommer, Sömmer\nWestphalian:\nPaderbornisch: Sumer\nSauerländisch: Suemer, Sūmer, Summer, Sommer\nWestmünsterländisch: Sommer\nPlautdietsch: Somma\nOld Dutch: *sumar\nMiddle Dutch: sōmer\nDutch: zomer\nAfrikaans: somer\nLimburgish: zómmer\nWest Flemish: zommer\nOld High German: sumar\nMiddle High German: sumer\nGerman: Sommer\nHunsrik: Sommer\nLuxembourgish: Summer\nMòcheno: summer\nSilesian East Central German: Summer\nVilamovian: zumer\nYiddish: זומער (zumer)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: sumar, sumarr m; somar n, somarr m\nIcelandic: sumar\nFaroese: summar\nNorn: sommer\nNorwegian Nynorsk: sumar\nJamtish: somarr, samarr\nElfdalian: såmår\nOld Swedish: somar, sumar\nSwedish: sommar\nOld Danish: somær, sumær\nDanish: sommer\nNorwegian Bokmål: sommer\nScanian: sǫmmar\nGutnish: summar",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: sumar, sumarr m; somar n, somarr m\nIcelandic: sumar\nFaroese: summar\nNorn: sommer\nNorwegian Nynorsk: sumar\nJamtish: somarr, samarr\nElfdalian: såmår\nOld Swedish: somar, sumar\nSwedish: sommar\nOld Danish: somær, sumær\nDanish: sommer\nNorwegian Bokmål: sommer\nScanian: sǫmmar\nGutnish: summar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sm̥-h₂-ó-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "haf"
},
"expansion": "Welsh haf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ամ",
"3": "",
"4": "year"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ամ (am, “year”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ṣme"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A ṣme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "هامین",
"tr": "hâmin"
},
"expansion": "Persian هامین (hâmin)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "समा",
"tr": "sámā"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit समा (sámā)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pre-Germanic *sm̥m-oro-, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó-, (cf. Welsh haf, Old Armenian ամ (am, “year”), ամառն (amaṙn, “summer”)), oblique of *s(e)m-eh₂-, (cf. Tocharian A ṣme, ṣmāye, Persian هامین (hâmin), Sanskrit समा (sámā) ‘season, year’).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sumaraz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "sumarōną"
}
],
"glosses": [
"summer"
],
"id": "en-sumaraz-gem-pro-noun-6DZkJVxp",
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "spring",
"word": "wazrą"
},
{
"english": "summer",
"word": "sumaraz"
},
{
"english": "autumn",
"word": "harbistaz"
},
{
"english": "winter",
"word": "wintruz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.mɑ.rɑz/"
}
],
"word": "sumaraz"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "sumarōną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sumar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sumar\nOld English: sumor, sumer, sumur\nMiddle English: sumer, somer\nEnglish: summer\nScots: somer, sumer, simmer, simer\nYola: zimmer, zummer\nOld Frisian: sumur, sumer\nSaterland Frisian: Suumer\nWest Frisian: simmer\nOld Saxon: sumar\nMiddle Low German: somer, sommer\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: Summer, Sommer, Sömmer\nWestphalian:\nPaderbornisch: Sumer\nSauerländisch: Suemer, Sūmer, Summer, Sommer\nWestmünsterländisch: Sommer\nPlautdietsch: Somma\nOld Dutch: *sumar\nMiddle Dutch: sōmer\nDutch: zomer\nAfrikaans: somer\nLimburgish: zómmer\nWest Flemish: zommer\nOld High German: sumar\nMiddle High German: sumer\nGerman: Sommer\nHunsrik: Sommer\nLuxembourgish: Summer\nMòcheno: summer\nSilesian East Central German: Summer\nVilamovian: zumer\nYiddish: זומער (zumer)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sumar\nOld English: sumor, sumer, sumur\nMiddle English: sumer, somer\nEnglish: summer\nScots: somer, sumer, simmer, simer\nYola: zimmer, zummer\nOld Frisian: sumur, sumer\nSaterland Frisian: Suumer\nWest Frisian: simmer\nOld Saxon: sumar\nMiddle Low German: somer, sommer\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: Summer, Sommer, Sömmer\nWestphalian:\nPaderbornisch: Sumer\nSauerländisch: Suemer, Sūmer, Summer, Sommer\nWestmünsterländisch: Sommer\nPlautdietsch: Somma\nOld Dutch: *sumar\nMiddle Dutch: sōmer\nDutch: zomer\nAfrikaans: somer\nLimburgish: zómmer\nWest Flemish: zommer\nOld High German: sumar\nMiddle High German: sumer\nGerman: Sommer\nHunsrik: Sommer\nLuxembourgish: Summer\nMòcheno: summer\nSilesian East Central German: Summer\nVilamovian: zumer\nYiddish: זומער (zumer)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sumar"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: sumar, sumarr m; somar n, somarr m\nIcelandic: sumar\nFaroese: summar\nNorn: sommer\nNorwegian Nynorsk: sumar\nJamtish: somarr, samarr\nElfdalian: såmår\nOld Swedish: somar, sumar\nSwedish: sommar\nOld Danish: somær, sumær\nDanish: sommer\nNorwegian Bokmål: sommer\nScanian: sǫmmar\nGutnish: summar",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: sumar, sumarr m; somar n, somarr m\nIcelandic: sumar\nFaroese: summar\nNorn: sommer\nNorwegian Nynorsk: sumar\nJamtish: somarr, samarr\nElfdalian: såmår\nOld Swedish: somar, sumar\nSwedish: sommar\nOld Danish: somær, sumær\nDanish: sommer\nNorwegian Bokmål: sommer\nScanian: sǫmmar\nGutnish: summar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sm̥-h₂-ó-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "haf"
},
"expansion": "Welsh haf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ամ",
"3": "",
"4": "year"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ամ (am, “year”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ṣme"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A ṣme",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "هامین",
"tr": "hâmin"
},
"expansion": "Persian هامین (hâmin)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "समा",
"tr": "sámā"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit समा (sámā)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From pre-Germanic *sm̥m-oro-, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó-, (cf. Welsh haf, Old Armenian ամ (am, “year”), ամառն (amaṙn, “summer”)), oblique of *s(e)m-eh₂-, (cf. Tocharian A ṣme, ṣmāye, Persian هامین (hâmin), Sanskrit समा (sámā) ‘season, year’).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sumarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sumaramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sumaraz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "spring",
"word": "wazrą"
},
{
"english": "summer",
"word": "sumaraz"
},
{
"english": "autumn",
"word": "harbistaz"
},
{
"english": "winter",
"word": "wintruz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"gem-pro:Seasons"
],
"glosses": [
"summer"
],
"links": [
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.mɑ.rɑz/"
}
],
"word": "sumaraz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.