See stapulaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for stapulaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*stapul"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *stapul\nOld English: stapol, stapel\nMiddle English: stapel, stapil, stapile, staple, stapul, stable\nEnglish: staple\nScots: steeple\nOld Frisian: stapul\nSaterland Frisian: Stoapel\nWest Frisian: steapel\nOld Saxon: stapol\nMiddle Low German: stapel\nGerman Low German: Stapel\n→ German: Stapel\n→ Yiddish: שטאַפּל (shtapl)\nOld Dutch: stapul, stapal\nMiddle Dutch: stāpel\nDutch: stapel\nOld High German: staffal, stapfal\nMiddle High German: staffel, stapfel\nGerman: Staffel\n→ Late Latin: stapula\nOld French: estaple\nAnglo-Norman: staple\n→ Middle English: staple, stapel, stapil, stapul\nEnglish: staple\nScots: stapill, staple, steple\nMiddle French: estappe\nFrench: étape (see there for further descendants)\n→ Italian: stapula",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *stapul\nOld English: stapol, stapel\nMiddle English: stapel, stapil, stapile, staple, stapul, stable\nEnglish: staple\nScots: steeple\nOld Frisian: stapul\nSaterland Frisian: Stoapel\nWest Frisian: steapel\nOld Saxon: stapol\nMiddle Low German: stapel\nGerman Low German: Stapel\n→ German: Stapel\n→ Yiddish: שטאַפּל (shtapl)\nOld Dutch: stapul, stapal\nMiddle Dutch: stāpel\nDutch: stapel\nOld High German: staffal, stapfal\nMiddle High German: staffel, stapfel\nGerman: Staffel\n→ Late Latin: stapula\nOld French: estaple\nAnglo-Norman: staple\n→ Middle English: staple, stapel, stapil, stapul\nEnglish: staple\nScots: stapill, staple, steple\nMiddle French: estappe\nFrench: étape (see there for further descendants)\n→ Italian: stapula"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "stǫpull"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: stǫpull",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: stǫpull"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "stöpull"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: stöpull",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: stöpull"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "støpul"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: støpul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: støpul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "stopul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: stopul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: stopul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "stapul"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: stapul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: stapul"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "stapel"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: stapel\n→ Finnish: taapeli",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: stapel\n→ Finnish: taapeli"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "stapæl"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: stapæl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: stapæl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "stabel",
"3": "stapel",
"4": "stavl"
},
"expansion": "Danish: stabel, stapel, stavl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: stabel, stapel, stavl"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stabel"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: stabel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: stabel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "stabel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: stabel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: stabel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "stafli",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Icelandic: stafli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Icelandic: stafli"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-scy",
"2": "stabel"
},
"expansion": "Scanian: stabel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scanian: stabel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*sapilas",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *sapilas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *sapilas (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stebʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "stem, post"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“stem, post”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“stem, post”). Related to *stabaz (“staff, stick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapul",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stapulaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pillar, post"
],
"id": "en-stapulaz-gem-pro-noun-6Ry5UoNb",
"links": [
[
"pillar",
"pillar"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"basis, foundation"
],
"id": "en-stapulaz-gem-pro-noun-c35r-VwN",
"links": [
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "stapulaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*stapul"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *stapul\nOld English: stapol, stapel\nMiddle English: stapel, stapil, stapile, staple, stapul, stable\nEnglish: staple\nScots: steeple\nOld Frisian: stapul\nSaterland Frisian: Stoapel\nWest Frisian: steapel\nOld Saxon: stapol\nMiddle Low German: stapel\nGerman Low German: Stapel\n→ German: Stapel\n→ Yiddish: שטאַפּל (shtapl)\nOld Dutch: stapul, stapal\nMiddle Dutch: stāpel\nDutch: stapel\nOld High German: staffal, stapfal\nMiddle High German: staffel, stapfel\nGerman: Staffel\n→ Late Latin: stapula\nOld French: estaple\nAnglo-Norman: staple\n→ Middle English: staple, stapel, stapil, stapul\nEnglish: staple\nScots: stapill, staple, steple\nMiddle French: estappe\nFrench: étape (see there for further descendants)\n→ Italian: stapula",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *stapul\nOld English: stapol, stapel\nMiddle English: stapel, stapil, stapile, staple, stapul, stable\nEnglish: staple\nScots: steeple\nOld Frisian: stapul\nSaterland Frisian: Stoapel\nWest Frisian: steapel\nOld Saxon: stapol\nMiddle Low German: stapel\nGerman Low German: Stapel\n→ German: Stapel\n→ Yiddish: שטאַפּל (shtapl)\nOld Dutch: stapul, stapal\nMiddle Dutch: stāpel\nDutch: stapel\nOld High German: staffal, stapfal\nMiddle High German: staffel, stapfel\nGerman: Staffel\n→ Late Latin: stapula\nOld French: estaple\nAnglo-Norman: staple\n→ Middle English: staple, stapel, stapil, stapul\nEnglish: staple\nScots: stapill, staple, steple\nMiddle French: estappe\nFrench: étape (see there for further descendants)\n→ Italian: stapula"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "stǫpull"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: stǫpull",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: stǫpull"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "stöpull"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: stöpull",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: stöpull"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "støpul"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: støpul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: støpul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "stopul"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: stopul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: stopul"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "stapul"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: stapul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: stapul"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "stapel"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: stapel\n→ Finnish: taapeli",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: stapel\n→ Finnish: taapeli"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "stapæl"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: stapæl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: stapæl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "stabel",
"3": "stapel",
"4": "stavl"
},
"expansion": "Danish: stabel, stapel, stavl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: stabel, stapel, stavl"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "stabel"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: stabel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: stabel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "stabel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: stabel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Nynorsk: stabel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "stafli",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Icelandic: stafli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Icelandic: stafli"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-scy",
"2": "stabel"
},
"expansion": "Scanian: stabel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scanian: stabel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*sapilas",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *sapilas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *sapilas (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stebʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "stem, post"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“stem, post”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (“stem, post”). Related to *stabaz (“staff, stick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapul",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stapulamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stapulaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pillar, post"
],
"links": [
[
"pillar",
"pillar"
],
[
"post",
"post"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"basis, foundation"
],
"links": [
[
"basis",
"basis"
],
[
"foundation",
"foundation"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "stapulaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.