See stōlaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for stōlaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (7.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*stōl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *stōl\nOld English: stōl\nMiddle English: stool\nEnglish: stool\nScots: stuil, stul, stule\nOld Frisian: stōl\nNorth Frisian: stuul, stölj, Stuul\nSaterland Frisian: Stoul\nWest Frisian: stoel\nOld Saxon: stōl\nMiddle Low German: stôl\nGerman Low German: Stohl (also Münsterländisch), Stauhl (Paderbornisch), Staul (Sauerländisch)\n→ Lower Sorbian: stoł\nPlautdietsch: Stool\n→ Estonian: tool\n→ Votic: stooli\nOld Dutch: stuol\nMiddle Dutch: stoel\nDutch: stoel\nAfrikaans: stoel\n→ Southern Ndebele: isitulo\n→ Sotho: setulo\n→ Tsonga: xitulu\n→ Xhosa: isitulo\n→ Zulu: isitulo\nJersey Dutch: stûl\nNegerhollands: stoel, stul, stuel\nSkepi Creole Dutch: stool\n→ Aukan: sutuu\n→ Fanagalo: stul (possibly via Zulu or from English)\n→ Papiamentu: stul, stoeltsje, stoeltji\n→ Sranan Tongo: sturu\nLimburgish: stool\nOld High German: stuol\nMiddle High German: stuol\nGerman: Stuhl\nHunsrik: Stuhl\nLuxembourgish: Stull\nVilamovian: śtül\nYiddish: שטול (shtul)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *stōl\nOld English: stōl\nMiddle English: stool\nEnglish: stool\nScots: stuil, stul, stule\nOld Frisian: stōl\nNorth Frisian: stuul, stölj, Stuul\nSaterland Frisian: Stoul\nWest Frisian: stoel\nOld Saxon: stōl\nMiddle Low German: stôl\nGerman Low German: Stohl (also Münsterländisch), Stauhl (Paderbornisch), Staul (Sauerländisch)\n→ Lower Sorbian: stoł\nPlautdietsch: Stool\n→ Estonian: tool\n→ Votic: stooli\nOld Dutch: stuol\nMiddle Dutch: stoel\nDutch: stoel\nAfrikaans: stoel\n→ Southern Ndebele: isitulo\n→ Sotho: setulo\n→ Tsonga: xitulu\n→ Xhosa: isitulo\n→ Zulu: isitulo\nJersey Dutch: stûl\nNegerhollands: stoel, stul, stuel\nSkepi Creole Dutch: stool\n→ Aukan: sutuu\n→ Fanagalo: stul (possibly via Zulu or from English)\n→ Papiamentu: stul, stoeltsje, stoeltji\n→ Sranan Tongo: sturu\nLimburgish: stool\nOld High German: stuol\nMiddle High German: stuol\nGerman: Stuhl\nHunsrik: Stuhl\nLuxembourgish: Stull\nVilamovian: śtül\nYiddish: שטול (shtul)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "stóll"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: stóll\nIcelandic: stóll\nFaroese: stólur\nNorn: stol, stul, støl\nNorwegian Bokmål: stol\nNorwegian Nynorsk: stol\nOld Swedish: stōl\nSwedish: stol\n→ Finnish: tuoli\n→ Ingrian: stooli\nDanish: stol\nGutnish: stol, stul",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: stóll\nIcelandic: stóll\nFaroese: stólur\nNorn: stol, stul, støl\nNorwegian Bokmål: stol\nNorwegian Nynorsk: stol\nOld Swedish: stōl\nSwedish: stol\n→ Finnish: tuoli\n→ Ingrian: stooli\nDanish: stol\nGutnish: stol, stul"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌻𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌻𐍃 (stōls)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌻𐍃 (stōls)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gme-cgo",
"2": "stul"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Gothic: stul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Gothic: stul"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "стулъ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: стулъ (stulŭ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via Old Norse or Middle Low German"
},
"expansion": "(via Old Norse or Middle Low German)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Old East Slavic: стулъ (stulŭ) (via Old Norse or Middle Low German)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "стул"
},
"expansion": "Russian: стул (stul), стулъ (stul)\n→ Azerbaijani: stul\n→ Even: стул (stul)\n→ Kildin Sami: стӯла (stūla)\n→ Uzbek: stul",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: стул (stul), стулъ (stul)\n→ Azerbaijani: stul\n→ Even: стул (stul)\n→ Kildin Sami: стӯла (stūla)\n→ Uzbek: stul"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stoh₂los",
"4": "",
"5": "frame, rack, stand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂los (“frame, rack, stand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "stalas",
"3": "",
"4": "table"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian stalas (“table”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "стол",
"3": "",
"4": "table"
},
"expansion": "Russian стол (stol, “table”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στήλη",
"3": "",
"4": "sile, pillar"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “sile, pillar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pastoliai",
"3": "",
"4": "scaffolding"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pastoliai (“scaffolding”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂los (“frame, rack, stand”), from *steh₂- (“to stand”). Cognate with Lithuanian stalas (“table”), Russian стол (stol, “table”), Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “sile, pillar”), Lithuanian pastoliai (“scaffolding”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stōlaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stool"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-stōlaz-gem-pro-noun-sEywn6v-",
"links": [
[
"stool",
"stool"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 79 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"throne"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-stōlaz-gem-pro-noun-q4t2UXxD",
"links": [
[
"throne",
"throne"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"chair"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-stōlaz-gem-pro-noun-PX6z09qx",
"links": [
[
"chair",
"chair"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɔː.lɑz/"
}
],
"word": "stōlaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"gem-pro:Furniture"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*stōl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *stōl\nOld English: stōl\nMiddle English: stool\nEnglish: stool\nScots: stuil, stul, stule\nOld Frisian: stōl\nNorth Frisian: stuul, stölj, Stuul\nSaterland Frisian: Stoul\nWest Frisian: stoel\nOld Saxon: stōl\nMiddle Low German: stôl\nGerman Low German: Stohl (also Münsterländisch), Stauhl (Paderbornisch), Staul (Sauerländisch)\n→ Lower Sorbian: stoł\nPlautdietsch: Stool\n→ Estonian: tool\n→ Votic: stooli\nOld Dutch: stuol\nMiddle Dutch: stoel\nDutch: stoel\nAfrikaans: stoel\n→ Southern Ndebele: isitulo\n→ Sotho: setulo\n→ Tsonga: xitulu\n→ Xhosa: isitulo\n→ Zulu: isitulo\nJersey Dutch: stûl\nNegerhollands: stoel, stul, stuel\nSkepi Creole Dutch: stool\n→ Aukan: sutuu\n→ Fanagalo: stul (possibly via Zulu or from English)\n→ Papiamentu: stul, stoeltsje, stoeltji\n→ Sranan Tongo: sturu\nLimburgish: stool\nOld High German: stuol\nMiddle High German: stuol\nGerman: Stuhl\nHunsrik: Stuhl\nLuxembourgish: Stull\nVilamovian: śtül\nYiddish: שטול (shtul)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *stōl\nOld English: stōl\nMiddle English: stool\nEnglish: stool\nScots: stuil, stul, stule\nOld Frisian: stōl\nNorth Frisian: stuul, stölj, Stuul\nSaterland Frisian: Stoul\nWest Frisian: stoel\nOld Saxon: stōl\nMiddle Low German: stôl\nGerman Low German: Stohl (also Münsterländisch), Stauhl (Paderbornisch), Staul (Sauerländisch)\n→ Lower Sorbian: stoł\nPlautdietsch: Stool\n→ Estonian: tool\n→ Votic: stooli\nOld Dutch: stuol\nMiddle Dutch: stoel\nDutch: stoel\nAfrikaans: stoel\n→ Southern Ndebele: isitulo\n→ Sotho: setulo\n→ Tsonga: xitulu\n→ Xhosa: isitulo\n→ Zulu: isitulo\nJersey Dutch: stûl\nNegerhollands: stoel, stul, stuel\nSkepi Creole Dutch: stool\n→ Aukan: sutuu\n→ Fanagalo: stul (possibly via Zulu or from English)\n→ Papiamentu: stul, stoeltsje, stoeltji\n→ Sranan Tongo: sturu\nLimburgish: stool\nOld High German: stuol\nMiddle High German: stuol\nGerman: Stuhl\nHunsrik: Stuhl\nLuxembourgish: Stull\nVilamovian: śtül\nYiddish: שטול (shtul)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "stóll"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: stóll\nIcelandic: stóll\nFaroese: stólur\nNorn: stol, stul, støl\nNorwegian Bokmål: stol\nNorwegian Nynorsk: stol\nOld Swedish: stōl\nSwedish: stol\n→ Finnish: tuoli\n→ Ingrian: stooli\nDanish: stol\nGutnish: stol, stul",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: stóll\nIcelandic: stóll\nFaroese: stólur\nNorn: stol, stul, støl\nNorwegian Bokmål: stol\nNorwegian Nynorsk: stol\nOld Swedish: stōl\nSwedish: stol\n→ Finnish: tuoli\n→ Ingrian: stooli\nDanish: stol\nGutnish: stol, stul"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌻𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌻𐍃 (stōls)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌻𐍃 (stōls)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gme-cgo",
"2": "stul"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Gothic: stul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Gothic: stul"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "стулъ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: стулъ (stulŭ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via Old Norse or Middle Low German"
},
"expansion": "(via Old Norse or Middle Low German)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Old East Slavic: стулъ (stulŭ) (via Old Norse or Middle Low German)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "стул"
},
"expansion": "Russian: стул (stul), стулъ (stul)\n→ Azerbaijani: stul\n→ Even: стул (stul)\n→ Kildin Sami: стӯла (stūla)\n→ Uzbek: stul",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Russian: стул (stul), стулъ (stul)\n→ Azerbaijani: stul\n→ Even: стул (stul)\n→ Kildin Sami: стӯла (stūla)\n→ Uzbek: stul"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*stoh₂los",
"4": "",
"5": "frame, rack, stand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂los (“frame, rack, stand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "stalas",
"3": "",
"4": "table"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian stalas (“table”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "стол",
"3": "",
"4": "table"
},
"expansion": "Russian стол (stol, “table”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "στήλη",
"3": "",
"4": "sile, pillar"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “sile, pillar”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pastoliai",
"3": "",
"4": "scaffolding"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pastoliai (“scaffolding”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂los (“frame, rack, stand”), from *steh₂- (“to stand”). Cognate with Lithuanian stalas (“table”), Russian стол (stol, “table”), Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “sile, pillar”), Lithuanian pastoliai (“scaffolding”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stōlamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stōlaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stool"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"stool",
"stool"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"throne"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"throne",
"throne"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"chair"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"chair",
"chair"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɔː.lɑz/"
}
],
"word": "stōlaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.