See spadô in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*spadō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *spadō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *spadō"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "spada"
},
"expansion": "Old English: spada",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: spada"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: spade"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spade",
"3": "spaid"
},
"expansion": "Scots: spade, spaid",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: spade, spaid"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "English: spade\n→ Scottish Gaelic: spaid\n→ Fiji Hindi: sipi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: spade\n→ Scottish Gaelic: spaid\n→ Fiji Hindi: sipi"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "spád",
"3": "spáid",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: spád, spáid",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: spád, spáid"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "spada"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: spada",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: spada"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: spade"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Spoade"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Spoade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Spoade"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "*spa",
"3": "*spar"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: *spa, *spar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: *spa, *spar (in stikelspa, stikelspar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "spado"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: spado",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: spado"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "spāde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: spāde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: spāde"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Spaa",
"3": "Spaden"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Spaa, Spaden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Spaa, Spaden"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*spado"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *spado",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *spado"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: spade"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spade",
"3": "spa"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: spade, spa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: spade, spa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*spato"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *spato",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *spato (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "spade",
"3": "spate"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: spade, spate",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare or northern word, possibly from Old Saxon"
},
"expansion": "(rare or northern word, possibly from Old Saxon)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: spade, spate (rare or northern word, possibly from Old Saxon)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Spaten"
},
"expansion": "German: Spaten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Spaten"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Spuet"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Spuet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Spuet"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "spaði"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: spaði",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly from Low German"
},
"expansion": "(possibly from Low German)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: spaði; járnspaði (possibly from Low German)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "spaði"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: spaði",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: spaði"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "spaði"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: spaði",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: spaði"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "spaki",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Faroese: spaki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Faroese: spaki"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: spade"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "spadhi"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: spadhi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: spadhi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: spade"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Danish: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: spade"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sph₂-dʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sph₂-dʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σπάθη",
"3": "",
"4": "blade"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “blade”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"t": "spear",
"tr": "išpatar"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (išpatar, “spear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sph₂-dʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “blade”), Hittite [script needed] (išpatar, “spear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spadô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spadô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spadaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spadanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spadiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spadini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spadinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spadô",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spade"
],
"id": "en-spadô-gem-pro-noun-PTc69mPg",
"links": [
[
"spade",
"spade"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "spadō"
},
{
"word": "spadǭ"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɑ.ðɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "spadô"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*spadō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *spadō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *spadō"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "spada"
},
"expansion": "Old English: spada",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: spada"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: spade"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spade",
"3": "spaid"
},
"expansion": "Scots: spade, spaid",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: spade, spaid"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "English: spade\n→ Scottish Gaelic: spaid\n→ Fiji Hindi: sipi",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: spade\n→ Scottish Gaelic: spaid\n→ Fiji Hindi: sipi"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "spád",
"3": "spáid",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: spád, spáid",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: spád, spáid"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "spada"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: spada",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: spada"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: spade"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Spoade"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Spoade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Spoade"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "*spa",
"3": "*spar"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: *spa, *spar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: *spa, *spar (in stikelspa, stikelspar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "spado"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: spado",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: spado"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "spāde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: spāde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: spāde"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Spaa",
"3": "Spaden"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Spaa, Spaden",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Spaa, Spaden"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*spado"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *spado",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *spado"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: spade"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spade",
"3": "spa"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: spade, spa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: spade, spa"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*spato"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *spato",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *spato (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "spade",
"3": "spate"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: spade, spate",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare or northern word, possibly from Old Saxon"
},
"expansion": "(rare or northern word, possibly from Old Saxon)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: spade, spate (rare or northern word, possibly from Old Saxon)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Spaten"
},
"expansion": "German: Spaten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Spaten"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Spuet"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Spuet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Spuet"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "spaði"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: spaði",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly from Low German"
},
"expansion": "(possibly from Low German)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: spaði; járnspaði (possibly from Low German)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "spaði"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: spaði",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: spaði"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "spaði"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: spaði",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: spaði"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "spaki",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Faroese: spaki",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Faroese: spaki"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: spade"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "spadhi"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: spadhi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: spadhi"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: spade"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "spade"
},
"expansion": "Danish: spade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: spade"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sph₂-dʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sph₂-dʰ-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "σπάθη",
"3": "",
"4": "blade"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “blade”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"t": "spear",
"tr": "išpatar"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (išpatar, “spear”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sph₂-dʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē, “blade”), Hittite [script needed] (išpatar, “spear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "spadô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spadô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spadaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spadanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spadiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spadini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spadinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spadammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spadô",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "spadō"
},
{
"word": "spadǭ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic an-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Requests for native script for Hittite terms"
],
"glosses": [
"spade"
],
"links": [
[
"spade",
"spade"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɑ.ðɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "spadô"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spadô meaning in Proto-Germanic (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.