See skupą in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*skop"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "skof",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Frisian: skof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Frisian: skof"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "schof"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: schof",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: schof (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "skoffe",
"3": "scof",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Middle English: skoffe, scof",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "equally possibly borrowed from Old Danish"
},
"expansion": "(equally possibly borrowed from Old Danish)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "→? Middle English: skoffe, scof (equally possibly borrowed from Old Danish)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "scoff"
},
"expansion": "English: scoff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: scoff"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "skoffe",
"3": "scoff",
"4": "skuff"
},
"expansion": "Scots: skoffe, scoff, skuff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: skoffe, scoff, skuff"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*scop"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *scop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *scop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scop",
"3": "schop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scop, schop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scop, schop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*skop",
"der": "1",
"g": "m",
"t": "poet"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *skop m (“poet”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *skop m (“poet”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċop"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sċop, sċeop\n→ English: scop (learned)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sċop, sċeop\n→ English: scop (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*skop"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *skop"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "skoplīko",
"der": "1",
"pos": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Saxon: skoplīko (adverb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Saxon: skoplīko (adverb)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "skopf"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: skopf, scoph\nMiddle High German: schopf, schof",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: skopf, scoph\nMiddle High German: schopf, schof"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skop"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skop"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: skop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "skof",
"3": "skuf",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Danish: skof, skuf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Danish: skof, skuf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skupą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skupą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skupō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skupą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skupas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skupai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skupō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skup"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skupą",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "skaupōną"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "skupāną"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "skuppōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 29 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mockery, joking"
],
"id": "en-skupą-gem-pro-noun-qxcgh5NY",
"links": [
[
"mockery",
"mockery"
],
[
"joking",
"joking"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cheating, deception, trickery"
],
"id": "en-skupą-gem-pro-noun-fnoxtkNn",
"links": [
[
"cheating",
"cheating"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
],
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 15 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"poetry"
],
"id": "en-skupą-gem-pro-noun-gcMg69IJ",
"links": [
[
"poetry",
"poetry"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "skupą"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*skop"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "skof",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Frisian: skof",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Frisian: skof"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "schof"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: schof",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: schof (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "skoffe",
"3": "scof",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Middle English: skoffe, scof",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "equally possibly borrowed from Old Danish"
},
"expansion": "(equally possibly borrowed from Old Danish)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "→? Middle English: skoffe, scof (equally possibly borrowed from Old Danish)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "scoff"
},
"expansion": "English: scoff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: scoff"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "skoffe",
"3": "scoff",
"4": "skuff"
},
"expansion": "Scots: skoffe, scoff, skuff",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: skoffe, scoff, skuff"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*scop"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *scop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *scop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "scop",
"3": "schop"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: scop, schop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: scop, schop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*skop",
"der": "1",
"g": "m",
"t": "poet"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *skop m (“poet”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *skop m (“poet”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "sċop"
},
"expansion": "Old English: sċop, sċeop\n→ English: scop (learned)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: sċop, sċeop\n→ English: scop (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*skop"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *skop"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "skoplīko",
"der": "1",
"pos": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Saxon: skoplīko (adverb)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Saxon: skoplīko (adverb)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "skopf"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: skopf, scoph\nMiddle High German: schopf, schof",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: skopf, scoph\nMiddle High German: schopf, schof"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skop"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: skop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skop"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: skop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: skop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "skof",
"3": "skuf",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Old Danish: skof, skuf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Old Danish: skof, skuf"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "skupą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skupą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skupō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "skupą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skupas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skupai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "skupō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "skupamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skup"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skupą",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "skaupōną"
},
{
"word": "skupāną"
},
{
"word": "skuppōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mockery, joking"
],
"links": [
[
"mockery",
"mockery"
],
[
"joking",
"joking"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cheating, deception, trickery"
],
"links": [
[
"cheating",
"cheating"
],
[
"deception",
"deception"
],
[
"trickery",
"trickery"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"poetry"
],
"links": [
[
"poetry",
"poetry"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "skupą"
}
Download raw JSONL data for skupą meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.