"skuldōną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See skuldōną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈskul.dɔː.nɑ̃/
Etymology: From *skuldiz (“obligation, debt”) + *-ōną. Etymology templates: {{suffix|gem-pro|*skuldiz|*-ōną|id2=denominative|t1=obligation, debt}} *skuldiz (“obligation, debt”) + *-ōną Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk2|skuld}} Forms: weak [table-tags], skuldō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], skuldǭ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], skuldōi [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], skuldōsi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], skuldōs [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], skuldō [active, imperative, second-person, singular], skuldōsai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], skuldōsau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], skuldōþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], skuldō [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], skuldōþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], skuldōþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], skuldōþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], skuldōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], skuldōw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], skuldōþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], skuldōþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], skuldōþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], skuldōmaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], skuldōm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], skuldōnþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], skuldōnþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], skuldōþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], skuldōþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], skuldōþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], skuldōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], skuldōnþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], skuldōnþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], skuldōn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], skuldōnþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], skuldōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], skuldōnþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], skuldōdǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], skuldōdēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], skuldōdēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], skuldōdēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], skuldōdē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], skuldōdēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], skuldōdēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], skuldōdēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], skuldōdēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], skuldōdēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], skuldōdēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], skuldōdēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], skuldōdēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], skuldōdēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], skuldōdēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], skuldōdēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], skuldōndz [active, participle, present], skuldōdaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to owe Tags: reconstruction Related terms: skuldijōną
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*skuldōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skuldōn\nOld Saxon: *skuldōn\nMiddle Low German: schulden\n→ Icelandic: skulda\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: skulde\nNorwegian Nynorsk: skulde, skulda\nOld High German: skuldōn\nMiddle High German: schulden\nGerman: schulden",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skuldōn\nOld Saxon: *skuldōn\nMiddle Low German: schulden\n→ Icelandic: skulda\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: skulde\nNorwegian Nynorsk: skulde, skulda\nOld High German: skuldōn\nMiddle High German: schulden\nGerman: schulden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "*skulda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: *skulda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: *skulda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "skulda"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: skulda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: skulda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "skulde"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: skulde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: skulde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "skulde",
            "3": "skulda"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skulde, skulda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skulde, skulda"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*skuldiz",
        "3": "*-ōną",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "obligation, debt"
      },
      "expansion": "*skuldiz (“obligation, debt”) + *-ōną",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *skuldiz (“obligation, debt”) + *-ōną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "skuld"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuldōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōną (denominative)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to owe"
      ],
      "id": "en-skuldōną-gem-pro-verb-PjW-u7hu",
      "links": [
        [
          "owe",
          "owe"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "skuldijōną"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈskul.dɔː.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "skuldōną"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*skuldōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *skuldōn\nOld Saxon: *skuldōn\nMiddle Low German: schulden\n→ Icelandic: skulda\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: skulde\nNorwegian Nynorsk: skulde, skulda\nOld High German: skuldōn\nMiddle High German: schulden\nGerman: schulden",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *skuldōn\nOld Saxon: *skuldōn\nMiddle Low German: schulden\n→ Icelandic: skulda\n→ Norwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: skulde\nNorwegian Nynorsk: skulde, skulda\nOld High German: skuldōn\nMiddle High German: schulden\nGerman: schulden"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "*skulda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: *skulda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: *skulda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "skulda"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: skulda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: skulda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "skulde"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: skulde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: skulde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "skulde",
            "3": "skulda"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skulde, skulda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: skulde, skulda"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*skuldiz",
        "3": "*-ōną",
        "id2": "denominative",
        "t1": "obligation, debt"
      },
      "expansion": "*skuldiz (“obligation, debt”) + *-ōną",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *skuldiz (“obligation, debt”) + *-ōną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "skuldōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "skuld"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuldōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "skuldijōną"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōną (denominative)",
        "Proto-Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to owe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "owe",
          "owe"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈskul.dɔː.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "skuldōną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for skuldōną meaning in Proto-Germanic (8.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.