See sek in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sik\nOld Frisian: sik (likely borrowed)\nSaterland Frisian: sik\nOld Saxon: sik\nOld Dutch: sich, sig (only in Limburgish)\nMiddle Dutch: sich, sic, sik (spread to other eastern dialects)\nDutch: zich (standardized, likely reinforced by German sich)\nAfrikaans: sig (rare, obsolete)\nLimburgish: zich\nOld High German: sih\nMiddle High German: sich\nBavarian: si, sich\nCimbrian: zich\nCentral Franconian: sich, sech\nHunsrik: sich\nLuxembourgish: sech\nEast Central German: sich\nZipser German: ßich\nGerman: sich\nYiddish: זיך (zikh)\n→ Middle Dutch: sich\n→ Dutch: zich\n→ Middle Low German: sik, sek (adapted to native mik, dik)\nLow German: sik, sick (variant spelling), sük, sück (East Frisian, northern Emsland), sek, seck (Eastphalian, East Prussian), sich (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sik\nOld Frisian: sik (likely borrowed)\nSaterland Frisian: sik\nOld Saxon: sik\nOld Dutch: sich, sig (only in Limburgish)\nMiddle Dutch: sich, sic, sik (spread to other eastern dialects)\nDutch: zich (standardized, likely reinforced by German sich)\nAfrikaans: sig (rare, obsolete)\nLimburgish: zich\nOld High German: sih\nMiddle High German: sich\nBavarian: si, sich\nCimbrian: zich\nCentral Franconian: sich, sech\nHunsrik: sich\nLuxembourgish: sech\nEast Central German: sich\nZipser German: ßich\nGerman: sich\nYiddish: זיך (zikh)\n→ Middle Dutch: sich\n→ Dutch: zich\n→ Middle Low German: sik, sek (adapted to native mik, dik)\nLow German: sik, sick (variant spelling), sük, sück (East Frisian, northern Emsland), sek, seck (Eastphalian, East Prussian), sich (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sik"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: sik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: sik"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sig"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: sig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: sig"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "seg"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: seg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: seg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "seg"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: seg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: seg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "seg"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: seg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: seg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-jmk",
"2": "seg"
},
"expansion": "Jamtish: seg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jamtish: seg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "sik"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: sik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: sik"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sig"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: sig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: sig"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sig"
},
"expansion": "Danish: sig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: sig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-sk",
"pos": "passive verb suffix"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -sk (passive verb suffix)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -sk (passive verb suffix)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: -s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: -s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌹𐌺"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌺 (sik)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌺 (sik)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swé"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swé",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *swé.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "*sek",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sek",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "se-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative of *se-"
],
"id": "en-sek-gem-pro-pron-Z-MsiiI9",
"links": [
[
"*se-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/se-"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sek/"
}
],
"word": "sek"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sik\nOld Frisian: sik (likely borrowed)\nSaterland Frisian: sik\nOld Saxon: sik\nOld Dutch: sich, sig (only in Limburgish)\nMiddle Dutch: sich, sic, sik (spread to other eastern dialects)\nDutch: zich (standardized, likely reinforced by German sich)\nAfrikaans: sig (rare, obsolete)\nLimburgish: zich\nOld High German: sih\nMiddle High German: sich\nBavarian: si, sich\nCimbrian: zich\nCentral Franconian: sich, sech\nHunsrik: sich\nLuxembourgish: sech\nEast Central German: sich\nZipser German: ßich\nGerman: sich\nYiddish: זיך (zikh)\n→ Middle Dutch: sich\n→ Dutch: zich\n→ Middle Low German: sik, sek (adapted to native mik, dik)\nLow German: sik, sick (variant spelling), sük, sück (East Frisian, northern Emsland), sek, seck (Eastphalian, East Prussian), sich (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sik\nOld Frisian: sik (likely borrowed)\nSaterland Frisian: sik\nOld Saxon: sik\nOld Dutch: sich, sig (only in Limburgish)\nMiddle Dutch: sich, sic, sik (spread to other eastern dialects)\nDutch: zich (standardized, likely reinforced by German sich)\nAfrikaans: sig (rare, obsolete)\nLimburgish: zich\nOld High German: sih\nMiddle High German: sich\nBavarian: si, sich\nCimbrian: zich\nCentral Franconian: sich, sech\nHunsrik: sich\nLuxembourgish: sech\nEast Central German: sich\nZipser German: ßich\nGerman: sich\nYiddish: זיך (zikh)\n→ Middle Dutch: sich\n→ Dutch: zich\n→ Middle Low German: sik, sek (adapted to native mik, dik)\nLow German: sik, sick (variant spelling), sük, sück (East Frisian, northern Emsland), sek, seck (Eastphalian, East Prussian), sich (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sik"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: sik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: sik"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sig"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: sig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: sig"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "seg"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: seg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: seg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "seg"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: seg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: seg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "seg"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: seg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: seg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-jmk",
"2": "seg"
},
"expansion": "Jamtish: seg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jamtish: seg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "sik"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: sik",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: sik"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sig"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: sig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: sig"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "sig"
},
"expansion": "Danish: sig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: sig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-sk",
"pos": "passive verb suffix"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -sk (passive verb suffix)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -sk (passive verb suffix)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: -s"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "-st"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: -st",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: -st"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: -s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-s"
},
"expansion": "Danish: -s",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: -s"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌹𐌺"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌺 (sik)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌺 (sik)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swé"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swé",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *swé.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "*sek",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sek",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic non-lemma forms",
"Proto-Germanic pronoun forms",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "se-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative of *se-"
],
"links": [
[
"*se-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/se-"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sek/"
}
],
"word": "sek"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sek meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.