See saiwalō in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*saiwalu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *saiwalu\nOld English: sāwol, sāwel, sāwal, sāul, sawl, sōwhul, sawul\nMiddle English: soule, saul, saule, souel, soul, soull, soulle, sowel, sowele, sowle, sowll, sowyl; sauele, sawlæ, sawle, sæule (Early Middle English); sauel, saull, saulle, sawel, sawele, sawell, sawil, sawle (Northern); zaule (Kent)\nEnglish: soul (see there for further descendants)\nScots: saul\n→ Old Norse: sála, sál\nIcelandic: sál\nFaroese: sál\nNorwegian Nynorsk: sål\nOld Gutnish: selu\nOld Frisian: sēla\nNorth Frisian: siel, sial\nSaterland Frisian: Seele\nWest Frisian: siel\nOld Saxon: sēola\nMiddle Low German: sêle\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: Seel\nWestphalian:\nSauerländisch: Siäle, Säile, Saile, Sǟle\nWestmünsterländisch: Seele, Sääle\nPlautdietsch: Seel\n→ Old Norse:\nNorwegian: sjel\nOld Swedish: siæl, sial\nSwedish: själ\nDanish: sjæl\nOld Dutch: sēla\nMiddle Dutch: siele\nDutch: ziel\nAfrikaans: siel\nLimburgish: zeel\nOld High German: sēla\nMiddle High German: sēle\nAlemannic German: Seel\nCentral Franconian: Siel\nGerman: Seele\nLuxembourgish: Séil\nVilamovian: zejł",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *saiwalu\nOld English: sāwol, sāwel, sāwal, sāul, sawl, sōwhul, sawul\nMiddle English: soule, saul, saule, souel, soul, soull, soulle, sowel, sowele, sowle, sowll, sowyl; sauele, sawlæ, sawle, sæule (Early Middle English); sauel, saull, saulle, sawel, sawele, sawell, sawil, sawle (Northern); zaule (Kent)\nEnglish: soul (see there for further descendants)\nScots: saul\n→ Old Norse: sála, sál\nIcelandic: sál\nFaroese: sál\nNorwegian Nynorsk: sål\nOld Gutnish: selu\nOld Frisian: sēla\nNorth Frisian: siel, sial\nSaterland Frisian: Seele\nWest Frisian: siel\nOld Saxon: sēola\nMiddle Low German: sêle\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: Seel\nWestphalian:\nSauerländisch: Siäle, Säile, Saile, Sǟle\nWestmünsterländisch: Seele, Sääle\nPlautdietsch: Seel\n→ Old Norse:\nNorwegian: sjel\nOld Swedish: siæl, sial\nSwedish: själ\nDanish: sjæl\nOld Dutch: sēla\nMiddle Dutch: siele\nDutch: ziel\nAfrikaans: siel\nLimburgish: zeel\nOld High German: sēla\nMiddle High German: sēle\nAlemannic German: Seel\nCentral Franconian: Siel\nGerman: Seele\nLuxembourgish: Séil\nVilamovian: zejł"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰 (saiwala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰 (saiwala)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*saiwiz",
"3": "*-alō",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "sea, ocean"
},
"expansion": "*saiwiz (“sea, ocean”) + *-alō",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sóh₂i-wl̥ ~ *sh₂i-wéns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂i-wl̥ ~ *sh₂i-wéns",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*séiˀlāˀ",
"t": "strength, force; soul"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ (“strength, force; soul”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "saevus",
"t": "fierce"
},
"expansion": "Latin saevus (“fierce”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*saitlom",
"t": "life, age"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *saitlom (“life, age”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "saeculum",
"t": "generation, lifetime"
},
"expansion": "Latin saeculum (“generation, lifetime”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swé",
"4": "*swoy-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swoy-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wolh₁-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wolh₁-eh₂",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain with several theories:\n* from *saiwiz (“sea, ocean”) + *-alō, in connection to the pagan Germanic belief in sacred lakes inhabited by the dead and the unborn, compare the Sami borrowing from Germanic, *Sāvjë, a realm of the dead believed to be under special double-bottomed lakes,\n* from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂i-wl̥ ~ *sh₂i-wéns, possibly cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ (“strength, force; soul”), Latin saevus (“fierce”), Proto-Celtic *saitlom (“life, age”), Latin saeculum (“generation, lifetime”), perhaps either from *seh₂y- (“to bind”) or homonym *seh₂y- (“rage, fury”), making it possibly again related to *saiwiz (“sea, ocean”),\n* or from *s(w)ai (“self”), from Proto-Indo-European *swoy-, + *walō (“choice, will”), from Proto-Indo-European *wolh₁-eh₂, from *welh₁-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saiwalō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "saiwalōną"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soul, life force"
],
"id": "en-saiwalō-gem-pro-noun-6SypGSPk",
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"life force",
"life force"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Germanic paganism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑi̯.wɑ.lɔː/"
}
],
"word": "saiwalō"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "saiwalōną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*saiwalu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *saiwalu\nOld English: sāwol, sāwel, sāwal, sāul, sawl, sōwhul, sawul\nMiddle English: soule, saul, saule, souel, soul, soull, soulle, sowel, sowele, sowle, sowll, sowyl; sauele, sawlæ, sawle, sæule (Early Middle English); sauel, saull, saulle, sawel, sawele, sawell, sawil, sawle (Northern); zaule (Kent)\nEnglish: soul (see there for further descendants)\nScots: saul\n→ Old Norse: sála, sál\nIcelandic: sál\nFaroese: sál\nNorwegian Nynorsk: sål\nOld Gutnish: selu\nOld Frisian: sēla\nNorth Frisian: siel, sial\nSaterland Frisian: Seele\nWest Frisian: siel\nOld Saxon: sēola\nMiddle Low German: sêle\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: Seel\nWestphalian:\nSauerländisch: Siäle, Säile, Saile, Sǟle\nWestmünsterländisch: Seele, Sääle\nPlautdietsch: Seel\n→ Old Norse:\nNorwegian: sjel\nOld Swedish: siæl, sial\nSwedish: själ\nDanish: sjæl\nOld Dutch: sēla\nMiddle Dutch: siele\nDutch: ziel\nAfrikaans: siel\nLimburgish: zeel\nOld High German: sēla\nMiddle High German: sēle\nAlemannic German: Seel\nCentral Franconian: Siel\nGerman: Seele\nLuxembourgish: Séil\nVilamovian: zejł",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *saiwalu\nOld English: sāwol, sāwel, sāwal, sāul, sawl, sōwhul, sawul\nMiddle English: soule, saul, saule, souel, soul, soull, soulle, sowel, sowele, sowle, sowll, sowyl; sauele, sawlæ, sawle, sæule (Early Middle English); sauel, saull, saulle, sawel, sawele, sawell, sawil, sawle (Northern); zaule (Kent)\nEnglish: soul (see there for further descendants)\nScots: saul\n→ Old Norse: sála, sál\nIcelandic: sál\nFaroese: sál\nNorwegian Nynorsk: sål\nOld Gutnish: selu\nOld Frisian: sēla\nNorth Frisian: siel, sial\nSaterland Frisian: Seele\nWest Frisian: siel\nOld Saxon: sēola\nMiddle Low German: sêle\nLow German:\nGerman Low German: Seel\nWestphalian:\nSauerländisch: Siäle, Säile, Saile, Sǟle\nWestmünsterländisch: Seele, Sääle\nPlautdietsch: Seel\n→ Old Norse:\nNorwegian: sjel\nOld Swedish: siæl, sial\nSwedish: själ\nDanish: sjæl\nOld Dutch: sēla\nMiddle Dutch: siele\nDutch: ziel\nAfrikaans: siel\nLimburgish: zeel\nOld High German: sēla\nMiddle High German: sēle\nAlemannic German: Seel\nCentral Franconian: Siel\nGerman: Seele\nLuxembourgish: Séil\nVilamovian: zejł"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰 (saiwala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌰 (saiwala)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*saiwiz",
"3": "*-alō",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "sea, ocean"
},
"expansion": "*saiwiz (“sea, ocean”) + *-alō",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sami",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sóh₂i-wl̥ ~ *sh₂i-wéns"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂i-wl̥ ~ *sh₂i-wéns",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*séiˀlāˀ",
"t": "strength, force; soul"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ (“strength, force; soul”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "saevus",
"t": "fierce"
},
"expansion": "Latin saevus (“fierce”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*saitlom",
"t": "life, age"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *saitlom (“life, age”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "saeculum",
"t": "generation, lifetime"
},
"expansion": "Latin saeculum (“generation, lifetime”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swé",
"4": "*swoy-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swoy-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wolh₁-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wolh₁-eh₂",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain with several theories:\n* from *saiwiz (“sea, ocean”) + *-alō, in connection to the pagan Germanic belief in sacred lakes inhabited by the dead and the unborn, compare the Sami borrowing from Germanic, *Sāvjë, a realm of the dead believed to be under special double-bottomed lakes,\n* from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂i-wl̥ ~ *sh₂i-wéns, possibly cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *séiˀlāˀ (“strength, force; soul”), Latin saevus (“fierce”), Proto-Celtic *saitlom (“life, age”), Latin saeculum (“generation, lifetime”), perhaps either from *seh₂y- (“to bind”) or homonym *seh₂y- (“rage, fury”), making it possibly again related to *saiwiz (“sea, ocean”),\n* or from *s(w)ai (“self”), from Proto-Indo-European *swoy-, + *walō (“choice, will”), from Proto-Indo-European *wolh₁-eh₂, from *welh₁-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saiwalōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saiwalō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns",
"gem-pro:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"soul, life force"
],
"links": [
[
"soul",
"soul"
],
[
"life force",
"life force"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Germanic paganism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑi̯.wɑ.lɔː/"
}
],
"word": "saiwalō"
}
Download raw JSONL data for saiwalō meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.