See sagjaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sagi",
"id": "retainer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sagi\nOld English: seċġ\nMiddle English: seg, sege, segge\nEnglish: segge, seg\nScots: seg\nOld Frisian: siā\nOld Saxon: segg\n⇒ Old High German: beinseggo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sagi\nOld English: seċġ\nMiddle English: seg, sege, segge\nEnglish: segge, seg\nScots: seg\nOld Frisian: siā\nOld Saxon: segg\n⇒ Old High German: beinseggo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "seggr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: seggr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: seggr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "seggur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: seggur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: seggur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "seggur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: seggur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: seggur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "segg"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: segg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: segg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐍃𐌰𐌲-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: *𐍃𐌰𐌲- (*sag-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uncertain lemma; possibly attested in given names"
},
"expansion": "(uncertain lemma; possibly attested in given names)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: *𐍃𐌰𐌲- (*sag-) (uncertain lemma; possibly attested in given names)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sekʷ-",
"id": "follow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sokʷh₂ṓy",
"t": "retainer, follower"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sokʷh₂ṓy (“retainer, follower”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "socius",
"t": "sharing, associated"
},
"expansion": "Latin socius (“sharing, associated”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sokʷh₂ṓy (“retainer, follower”). Cognate with Latin socius (“sharing, associated”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sagjaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"retainer, warrior"
],
"id": "en-sagjaz-gem-pro-noun-gem_pro:retainer",
"links": [
[
"retainer",
"retainer"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gem-pro:retainer"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑɣ.jɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "sagjaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sagi",
"id": "sedge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sagi\nOld English: seċġ\nMiddle English: segge\nEnglish: sedge\nScots: seg\nOld Frisian: *sedz, *segg\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: Säggäärs, Säächgäärs\nWest Frisian: sigge\nOld Saxon: *seggi\nMiddle Low German: segge\nGerman Low German: Segge, Segg\n→ German: Segge\nOld Dutch: *seggi\nMiddle Dutch: segge\nDutch: zegge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sagi\nOld English: seċġ\nMiddle English: segge\nEnglish: sedge\nScots: seg\nOld Frisian: *sedz, *segg\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: Säggäärs, Säächgäärs\nWest Frisian: sigge\nOld Saxon: *seggi\nMiddle Low German: segge\nGerman Low German: Segge, Segg\n→ German: Segge\nOld Dutch: *seggi\nMiddle Dutch: segge\nDutch: zegge"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "seċġ",
"t": "sword"
},
"expansion": "Old English seċġ (“sword”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sak-",
"t": "marsh plant"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sak- (“marsh plant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "hesg",
"t": "sedge, rushes"
},
"expansion": "Welsh hesg (“sedge, rushes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”), assuming an original sense of \"sharp grass\" (note Old English seċġ (“sword”)), or from a Proto-Indo-European *sak- (“marsh plant”) of potential substrate origin (compare Welsh hesg (“sedge, rushes”)), though the latter comparanda have been considered as derived from the former.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sagjaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sedge"
],
"id": "en-sagjaz-gem-pro-noun-dGJDGVoW",
"links": [
[
"sedge",
"sedge"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑɣ.jɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "sagjaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sek-",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sekʷ- (follow)",
"gem-pro:Sedges"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sagi",
"id": "retainer"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sagi\nOld English: seċġ\nMiddle English: seg, sege, segge\nEnglish: segge, seg\nScots: seg\nOld Frisian: siā\nOld Saxon: segg\n⇒ Old High German: beinseggo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sagi\nOld English: seċġ\nMiddle English: seg, sege, segge\nEnglish: segge, seg\nScots: seg\nOld Frisian: siā\nOld Saxon: segg\n⇒ Old High German: beinseggo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "seggr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: seggr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: seggr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "seggur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: seggur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: seggur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "seggur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: seggur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: seggur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "segg"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: segg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: segg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐍃𐌰𐌲-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: *𐍃𐌰𐌲- (*sag-)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uncertain lemma; possibly attested in given names"
},
"expansion": "(uncertain lemma; possibly attested in given names)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: *𐍃𐌰𐌲- (*sag-) (uncertain lemma; possibly attested in given names)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sekʷ-",
"id": "follow"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sokʷh₂ṓy",
"t": "retainer, follower"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sokʷh₂ṓy (“retainer, follower”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "socius",
"t": "sharing, associated"
},
"expansion": "Latin socius (“sharing, associated”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *sokʷh₂ṓy (“retainer, follower”). Cognate with Latin socius (“sharing, associated”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sagjaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"retainer, warrior"
],
"links": [
[
"retainer",
"retainer"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gem-pro:retainer"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑɣ.jɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "sagjaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sek-",
"gem-pro:Sedges"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*sagi",
"id": "sedge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *sagi\nOld English: seċġ\nMiddle English: segge\nEnglish: sedge\nScots: seg\nOld Frisian: *sedz, *segg\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: Säggäärs, Säächgäärs\nWest Frisian: sigge\nOld Saxon: *seggi\nMiddle Low German: segge\nGerman Low German: Segge, Segg\n→ German: Segge\nOld Dutch: *seggi\nMiddle Dutch: segge\nDutch: zegge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *sagi\nOld English: seċġ\nMiddle English: segge\nEnglish: sedge\nScots: seg\nOld Frisian: *sedz, *segg\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: Säggäärs, Säächgäärs\nWest Frisian: sigge\nOld Saxon: *seggi\nMiddle Low German: segge\nGerman Low German: Segge, Segg\n→ German: Segge\nOld Dutch: *seggi\nMiddle Dutch: segge\nDutch: zegge"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sek-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "seċġ",
"t": "sword"
},
"expansion": "Old English seċġ (“sword”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sak-",
"t": "marsh plant"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sak- (“marsh plant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "hesg",
"t": "sedge, rushes"
},
"expansion": "Welsh hesg (“sedge, rushes”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”), assuming an original sense of \"sharp grass\" (note Old English seċġ (“sword”)), or from a Proto-Indo-European *sak- (“marsh plant”) of potential substrate origin (compare Welsh hesg (“sedge, rushes”)), though the latter comparanda have been considered as derived from the former.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sagją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sagjamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sagjaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sedge"
],
"links": [
[
"sedge",
"sedge"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɑɣ.jɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "sagjaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sagjaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (8.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.