See rindǭ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*rindā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *rindā\nOld English: rinde\nMiddle English: rinde\nEnglish: rind\nScots: rynd, ryne\nOld Saxon: *rinda\nMiddle Low German: rinde\nOld Dutch: *rinda\nMiddle Dutch: rinde, runde, runne, run\nDutch: rinde, rin, run\nOld High German: rinta, *rinda\nMiddle High German: rinte, rinde\nGerman: Rinde",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *rindā\nOld English: rinde\nMiddle English: rinde\nEnglish: rind\nScots: rynd, ryne\nOld Saxon: *rinda\nMiddle Low German: rinde\nOld Dutch: *rinda\nMiddle Dutch: rinde, runde, runne, run\nDutch: rinde, rin, run\nOld High German: rinta, *rinda\nMiddle High German: rinte, rinde\nGerman: Rinde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*rem-",
"4": "",
"5": "to rest, prop up"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to rest, prop up”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to rest, prop up”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rindǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rindǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "randaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "randō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bark (tree)"
],
"id": "en-rindǭ-gem-pro-noun-phSlTv79",
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*barkuz"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 79 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 89 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 92 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crust"
],
"id": "en-rindǭ-gem-pro-noun-EBkC6xHC",
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 72 28",
"sense": "Middle English: rinde, rynde",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "rind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 72 28",
"sense": "Middle English: rinde, rynde; Scots",
"word": "rind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 72 28",
"sense": "Middle English: rinde, rynde; Scots",
"word": "rynd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 72 28",
"sense": "Middle English: rinde, rynde; Scots",
"word": "ryn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 92 8",
"sense": "Old Saxon: rinda; Middle Low German",
"word": "rinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 92 8",
"sense": "Middle Dutch: rinde, rende, runde, runne",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "rinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 92 8",
"sense": "Middle Dutch: rinde, rende, runde, runne",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "rin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 92 8",
"sense": "Middle Dutch: rinde, rende, runde, runne",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "run"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 92 8",
"sense": "Middle Dutch: rinde, rende, runde, runne",
"tags": [
"Flemish",
"West"
],
"word": "rinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 89 11",
"sense": "Middle High German: rinte, rinde",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Rinde"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rind"
],
"id": "en-rindǭ-gem-pro-noun-3v-nhO~0",
"links": [
[
"rind",
"rind"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rindǭ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic ōn-stem nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*rindā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *rindā\nOld English: rinde\nMiddle English: rinde\nEnglish: rind\nScots: rynd, ryne\nOld Saxon: *rinda\nMiddle Low German: rinde\nOld Dutch: *rinda\nMiddle Dutch: rinde, runde, runne, run\nDutch: rinde, rin, run\nOld High German: rinta, *rinda\nMiddle High German: rinte, rinde\nGerman: Rinde",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *rindā\nOld English: rinde\nMiddle English: rinde\nEnglish: rind\nScots: rynd, ryne\nOld Saxon: *rinda\nMiddle Low German: rinde\nOld Dutch: *rinda\nMiddle Dutch: rinde, runde, runne, run\nDutch: rinde, rin, run\nOld High German: rinta, *rinda\nMiddle High German: rinte, rinde\nGerman: Rinde"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*rem-",
"4": "",
"5": "to rest, prop up"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to rest, prop up”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *rem- (“to rest, prop up”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "rindǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rindōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rindǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "randaz"
},
{
"word": "randō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bark (tree)"
],
"links": [
[
"bark",
"bark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*barkuz"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"crust"
],
"links": [
[
"crust",
"crust"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rind"
],
"links": [
[
"rind",
"rind"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "Middle English: rinde, rynde",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "rind"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: rinde, rynde; Scots",
"word": "rind"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: rinde, rynde; Scots",
"word": "rynd"
},
{
"sense": "Middle English: rinde, rynde; Scots",
"word": "ryn"
},
{
"sense": "Old Saxon: rinda; Middle Low German",
"word": "rinde"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Dutch: rinde, rende, runde, runne",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "rinde"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Dutch: rinde, rende, runde, runne",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "rin"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Dutch: rinde, rende, runde, runne",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "run"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Dutch: rinde, rende, runde, runne",
"tags": [
"Flemish",
"West"
],
"word": "rinde"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: rinte, rinde",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Rinde"
}
],
"word": "rindǭ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rindǭ meaning in Proto-Germanic (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.