"pakkô" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See pakkô in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈpɑk.kɔːː/
Etymology: Unknown. Likely from a pre-Germanic substrate language, due to phonetic irregularities between the root's relatives in other languages, as well as its restriction to western branches of Indo-European. Possibly related to Middle Welsh beich (“load, cargo”), Latin bāiulus (“porter, carrier”) (whence Spanish baga (“load”)) and fascis (“bundle”), Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos, “bundle”). Etymology templates: {{unk|gem-pro}} Unknown, {{der|gem-pro|qfa-sub|-}} substrate, {{cog|wlm|beich|t=load, cargo}} Middle Welsh beich (“load, cargo”), {{cog|la|bāiulus|t=porter, carrier}} Latin bāiulus (“porter, carrier”), {{cog|es|baga|t=load}} Spanish baga (“load”), {{cog|grc|φάκελος|t=bundle}} Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos, “bundle”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun|g=m}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], pakkô [nominative, singular], pakkaniz [nominative, plural], pakkô [singular, vocative], pakkaniz [plural, vocative], pakkanų [accusative, singular], pakkanunz [accusative, plural], pakkiniz [genitive, singular], pakkanǫ̂ [genitive, plural], pakkini [dative, singular], pakkammaz [dative, plural], pakkinē [instrumental, singular], pakkammiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. bundle; pack; package Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: masculine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-pakkô-gem-pro-noun-I1ntMtTK Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header

Download JSON data for pakkô meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.0kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*pakkō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *pakkō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *pakkō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "*pacca",
            "3": "*pæcca"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: *pacca, *pæcca",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: *pacca, *pæcca"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "pakke",
            "3": "packe",
            "4": "pak"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: pakke, packe, pak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: pakke, packe, pak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pack"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pack",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "paca",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Irish: paca",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Irish: paca"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "pak",
            "3": "pack"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: pak, pack",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: pak, pack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*pakka"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *pakka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *pakka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "Pak",
            "3": "Pakje"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Pak, Pakje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: Pak, Pakje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "pak",
            "3": "pakje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: pak, pakje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: pak, pakje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*pakko"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *pakko",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *pakko"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "packe",
            "3": "pak"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: packe, pak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: packe, pak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Pack"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Pack",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Pack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "gepak",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: gepak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle Low German: gepak, gepack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Gepack"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Gepack",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Gepack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "pac",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle High German: pac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle High German: pac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Pack",
            "3": "Packen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Pack, Packen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Pack, Packen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "gepac",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: gepac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle High German: gepac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 6,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Gepäck"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Gepäck",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Gepäck"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "backel",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "bundle"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: backel (“bundle”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle High German: backel (“bundle”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*pakko",
            "3": "pac"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *pakko, pac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *pakko, pac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "pack",
            "3": "pak"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: pack, pak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: pack, pak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "pak",
            "3": "pakje"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: pak, pakje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: pak, pakje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "pacco",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: pacco",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: pacco"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "gepac",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: gepac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: gepac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "gepak"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: gepak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: gepak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "pacque",
            "3": "pasque",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: pacque, pasque",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: pacque, pasque; pacquage; pacquet, paquet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "pacque"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: pacque",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: pacque; pacquage; paquet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pacque"
          },
          "expansion": "French: pacque",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: pacque; pacquage; paquet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "package",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: package",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: package; packet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "pakket",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: pakket",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: pakket"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "pakki"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: pakki",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: pakki; pakka (possibly borrowed from Low German)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "pakki"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: pakki",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: pakki; pakka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "pakki"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: pakki",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: pakki"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "pakke"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: pakke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: pakke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "pakke"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: pakke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: pakke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "packe"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: packe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: packe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "pakke"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: pakke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: pakke"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "beich",
        "t": "load, cargo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh beich (“load, cargo”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "bāiulus",
        "t": "porter, carrier"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin bāiulus (“porter, carrier”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "baga",
        "t": "load"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish baga (“load”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φάκελος",
        "t": "bundle"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos, “bundle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Likely from a pre-Germanic substrate language, due to phonetic irregularities between the root's relatives in other languages, as well as its restriction to western branches of Indo-European. Possibly related to Middle Welsh beich (“load, cargo”), Latin bāiulus (“porter, carrier”) (whence Spanish baga (“load”)) and fascis (“bundle”), Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos, “bundle”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/pakkô",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bundle; pack; package"
      ],
      "id": "en-pakkô-gem-pro-noun-I1ntMtTK",
      "links": [
        [
          "bundle",
          "bundle"
        ],
        [
          "pack",
          "pack"
        ],
        [
          "package",
          "package"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɑk.kɔːː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pakkô"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*pakkō"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *pakkō",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *pakkō"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "*pacca",
            "3": "*pæcca"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: *pacca, *pæcca",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: *pacca, *pæcca"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "pakke",
            "3": "packe",
            "4": "pak"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: pakke, packe, pak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: pakke, packe, pak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pack"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pack",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "paca",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Irish: paca",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Irish: paca"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "pak",
            "3": "pack"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: pak, pack",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: pak, pack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*pakka"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *pakka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *pakka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "Pak",
            "3": "Pakje"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Pak, Pakje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: Pak, Pakje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "pak",
            "3": "pakje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: pak, pakje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: pak, pakje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*pakko"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *pakko",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *pakko"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "packe",
            "3": "pak"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: packe, pak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: packe, pak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Pack"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Pack",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Pack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "gepak",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: gepak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle Low German: gepak, gepack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds-de",
            "2": "Gepack"
          },
          "expansion": "German Low German: Gepack",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German Low German: Gepack"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "pac",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle High German: pac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle High German: pac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Pack",
            "3": "Packen"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Pack, Packen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Pack, Packen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "gepac",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: gepac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle High German: gepac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 6,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Gepäck"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Gepäck",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Gepäck"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "backel",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "bundle"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: backel (“bundle”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle High German: backel (“bundle”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*pakko",
            "3": "pac"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *pakko, pac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *pakko, pac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "pack",
            "3": "pak"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: pack, pak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: pack, pak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "pak",
            "3": "pakje"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: pak, pakje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: pak, pakje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "pacco",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: pacco",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: pacco"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "gepac",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Middle Dutch: gepac",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Middle Dutch: gepac"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "gepak"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: gepak",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: gepak"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "pacque",
            "3": "pasque",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: pacque, pasque",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: pacque, pasque; pacquage; pacquet, paquet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "pacque"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: pacque",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: pacque; pacquage; paquet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fr",
            "2": "pacque"
          },
          "expansion": "French: pacque",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "French: pacque; pacquage; paquet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "package",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: package",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: package; packet"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "pakket",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Dutch: pakket",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Dutch: pakket"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "pakki"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: pakki",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: pakki; pakka (possibly borrowed from Low German)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "pakki"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: pakki",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: pakki; pakka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "pakki"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: pakki",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: pakki"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "pakke"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: pakke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: pakke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "pakke"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: pakke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: pakke"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "packe"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: packe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: packe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "pakke"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: pakke",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: pakke"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "qfa-sub",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "substrate",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "beich",
        "t": "load, cargo"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh beich (“load, cargo”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "bāiulus",
        "t": "porter, carrier"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin bāiulus (“porter, carrier”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "baga",
        "t": "load"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish baga (“load”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φάκελος",
        "t": "bundle"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos, “bundle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown. Likely from a pre-Germanic substrate language, due to phonetic irregularities between the root's relatives in other languages, as well as its restriction to western branches of Indo-European. Possibly related to Middle Welsh beich (“load, cargo”), Latin bāiulus (“porter, carrier”) (whence Spanish baga (“load”)) and fascis (“bundle”), Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos, “bundle”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "an-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pakkammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/pakkô",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Germanic an-stem nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic nouns",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from substrate languages",
        "Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bundle; pack; package"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bundle",
          "bundle"
        ],
        [
          "pack",
          "pack"
        ],
        [
          "package",
          "package"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɑk.kɔːː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pakkô"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.