See paddǭ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for paddǭ meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*paddā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *paddā\nOld English: padde\nMiddle English: padde, pade\nEnglish: pad; poade, pode\nScots: pade, pad; podde, pode\nOld Frisian: padde\nSaterland Frisian: Pudde\nWest Frisian: padde, podde, podd, pod\nOld Saxon: *padda\nMiddle Low German: padde, pedde\nLow German: Padde, Pudde\n→ German: Padde\nOld Dutch: *padda\nMiddle Dutch: padde, pedde\nDutch: pad\nAfrikaans: padda\n→ Vulgar Latin: *padda, *podda, *potta\nOld French: bot\n⇒ Old French: boterel\nItalian: botta",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *paddā\nOld English: padde\nMiddle English: padde, pade\nEnglish: pad; poade, pode\nScots: pade, pad; podde, pode\nOld Frisian: padde\nSaterland Frisian: Pudde\nWest Frisian: padde, podde, podd, pod\nOld Saxon: *padda\nMiddle Low German: padde, pedde\nLow German: Padde, Pudde\n→ German: Padde\nOld Dutch: *padda\nMiddle Dutch: padde, pedde\nDutch: pad\nAfrikaans: padda\n→ Vulgar Latin: *padda, *podda, *potta\nOld French: bot\n⇒ Old French: boterel\nItalian: botta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "padd"
},
"expansion": "Norn: padd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norn: padd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "padde"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: padde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: padde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "padde"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: padde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: padde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: padda"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "padde"
},
"expansion": "Danish: padde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: padde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "padde",
"3": "paddå"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: padde, paddå",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: padde, paddå"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bed-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bed- (“to swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "English puddle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "puduc",
"3": "",
"4": "swelling, lump, growth, wart"
},
"expansion": "Old English puduc (“swelling, lump, growth, wart”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "puddig",
"3": "",
"4": "swollen"
},
"expansion": "Low German puddig (“swollen”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bed- (“to swell”) (Pok. 96), from *bʰew- (“to swell”) (Pok. 98-102).\nAlso compare English puddle, Old English puduc (“swelling, lump, growth, wart”), Low German puddig (“swollen”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "paddǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paddǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/paddǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "paddijǭ"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toad"
],
"id": "en-paddǭ-gem-pro-noun-GzSUKt0s",
"links": [
[
"toad",
"toad"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑd.dɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "paddǭ"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "paddijǭ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*paddā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *paddā\nOld English: padde\nMiddle English: padde, pade\nEnglish: pad; poade, pode\nScots: pade, pad; podde, pode\nOld Frisian: padde\nSaterland Frisian: Pudde\nWest Frisian: padde, podde, podd, pod\nOld Saxon: *padda\nMiddle Low German: padde, pedde\nLow German: Padde, Pudde\n→ German: Padde\nOld Dutch: *padda\nMiddle Dutch: padde, pedde\nDutch: pad\nAfrikaans: padda\n→ Vulgar Latin: *padda, *podda, *potta\nOld French: bot\n⇒ Old French: boterel\nItalian: botta",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *paddā\nOld English: padde\nMiddle English: padde, pade\nEnglish: pad; poade, pode\nScots: pade, pad; podde, pode\nOld Frisian: padde\nSaterland Frisian: Pudde\nWest Frisian: padde, podde, podd, pod\nOld Saxon: *padda\nMiddle Low German: padde, pedde\nLow German: Padde, Pudde\n→ German: Padde\nOld Dutch: *padda\nMiddle Dutch: padde, pedde\nDutch: pad\nAfrikaans: padda\n→ Vulgar Latin: *padda, *podda, *potta\nOld French: bot\n⇒ Old French: boterel\nItalian: botta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "padd"
},
"expansion": "Norn: padd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norn: padd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "padde"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: padde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: padde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "padde"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: padde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: padde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: padda"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "padde"
},
"expansion": "Danish: padde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: padde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "padda"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: padda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: padda"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "padde",
"3": "paddå"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: padde, paddå",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: padde, paddå"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bed-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bed- (“to swell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "puddle"
},
"expansion": "English puddle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "puduc",
"3": "",
"4": "swelling, lump, growth, wart"
},
"expansion": "Old English puduc (“swelling, lump, growth, wart”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "puddig",
"3": "",
"4": "swollen"
},
"expansion": "Low German puddig (“swollen”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bed- (“to swell”) (Pok. 96), from *bʰew- (“to swell”) (Pok. 98-102).\nAlso compare English puddle, Old English puduc (“swelling, lump, growth, wart”), Low German puddig (“swollen”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "paddǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paddǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "paddōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/paddǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Germanic ōn-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"toad"
],
"links": [
[
"toad",
"toad"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑd.dɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"word": "paddǭ"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.