"muldō" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See muldō in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”) Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*melh₂-|t=to grind, crush}} Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], muldō [nominative, singular], muldôz [nominative, plural], muldō [singular, vocative], muldôz [plural, vocative], muldǭ [accusative, singular], muldōz [accusative, plural], muldōz [genitive, singular], muldǫ̂ [genitive, plural], muldōi [dative, singular], muldōmaz [dative, plural], muldō [instrumental, singular], muldōmiz [instrumental, plural]
  1. mould Tags: feminine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-muldō-gem-pro-noun-AtVxJ-QN Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 51 49 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 53 47
  2. soil, dirt Tags: feminine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-muldō-gem-pro-noun-XGN7VR3L Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 51 49 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 53 47
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: muldijaną
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "muldijaną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "molde"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: molde\nMiddle English: molde\nEnglish: mold, mould, mool\nScots: muild, moud",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: molde\nMiddle English: molde\nEnglish: mold, mould, mool\nScots: muild, moud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*molda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *molda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *molda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "moude"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: moude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: moude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "moude"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: moude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: moude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "molta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: molta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: molta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "molte",
            "3": "molt",
            "g": "f",
            "g2": "m"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: molte f, molt m",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: molte f, molt m"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Molte",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Molte, Molde (Central Germany)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete or dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete or dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Molte, Molde (Central Germany) (obsolete or dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "mold"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: mold\nFaroese: mold\nIcelandic: mold\nNorwegian Nynorsk: mold\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: mold\nOld Swedish: muld\nSwedish: mull\nOld Danish: muld\nDanish: muld\nNorwegian Bokmål: muld m or f",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: mold\nFaroese: mold\nIcelandic: mold\nNorwegian Nynorsk: mold\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: mold\nOld Swedish: muld\nSwedish: mull\nOld Danish: muld\nDanish: muld\nNorwegian Bokmål: muld m or f"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 (mulda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 (mulda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*multa",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *multa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *multa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*melh₂-",
        "t": "to grind, crush"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ō-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/muldō",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mould"
      ],
      "id": "en-muldō-gem-pro-noun-AtVxJ-QN",
      "links": [
        [
          "mould",
          "mould"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soil, dirt"
      ],
      "id": "en-muldō-gem-pro-noun-XGN7VR3L",
      "links": [
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ],
        [
          "dirt",
          "dirt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nicoline van der Sijs"
  ],
  "word": "muldō"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic nouns",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "muldijaną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "molde"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: molde\nMiddle English: molde\nEnglish: mold, mould, mool\nScots: muild, moud",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: molde\nMiddle English: molde\nEnglish: mold, mould, mool\nScots: muild, moud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*molda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *molda",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *molda"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "moude"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: moude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: moude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "moude"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: moude",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: moude"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "molta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: molta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: molta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "molte",
            "3": "molt",
            "g": "f",
            "g2": "m"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: molte f, molt m",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: molte f, molt m"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Molte",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "German: Molte, Molde (Central Germany)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete or dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete or dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: Molte, Molde (Central Germany) (obsolete or dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "mold"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: mold\nFaroese: mold\nIcelandic: mold\nNorwegian Nynorsk: mold\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: mold\nOld Swedish: muld\nSwedish: mull\nOld Danish: muld\nDanish: muld\nNorwegian Bokmål: muld m or f",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: mold\nFaroese: mold\nIcelandic: mold\nNorwegian Nynorsk: mold\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: mold\nOld Swedish: muld\nSwedish: mull\nOld Danish: muld\nDanish: muld\nNorwegian Bokmål: muld m or f"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 (mulda)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 (mulda)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*multa",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *multa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *multa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*melh₂-",
        "t": "to grind, crush"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ō-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "muldōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/muldō",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "mould"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mould",
          "mould"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "soil, dirt"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "soil",
          "soil"
        ],
        [
          "dirt",
          "dirt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Nicoline van der Sijs"
  ],
  "word": "muldō"
}

Download raw JSONL data for muldō meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.