See merkuz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*mirkwī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *mirkwī\nOld English: mirce, mierce\nMiddle English: mirke, merke\nScots: mirk, merk, mark\nEnglish: mirk, murk\nOld Saxon: mirki", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *mirkwī\nOld English: mirce, mierce\nMiddle English: mirke, merke\nScots: mirk, merk, mark\nEnglish: mirk, murk\nOld Saxon: mirki" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "myrkr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: myrkr\nIcelandic: myrkur\nFaroese: myrkur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: myrk, mørk\nSwedish: mörk\nDanish: mørk\nNorwegian Bokmål: mørk", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old Norse: myrkr\nIcelandic: myrkur\nFaroese: myrkur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: myrk, mørk\nSwedish: mörk\nDanish: mørk\nNorwegian Bokmål: mørk" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-fin-pro", "2": "*mürkkü", "bor": "1", "t": "poison", "unc": "1" }, "expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *mürkkü (“poison”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *mürkkü (“poison”) (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*mergʷ-", "4": "*(h₂)mer(H)gʷ-", "t": "dark" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)mer(H)gʷ- (“dark”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*mergъ", "t": "brown" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *mergъ (“brown”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*morkъ", "3": "", "4": "darkness" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *morkъ (“darkness”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From earlier *merkwuz, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)mer(H)gʷ- (“dark”), cognate to Proto-Slavic *mergъ (“brown”). Orr summarizes arguments for borrowing from common Slavic into common Germanic. In any case, related to Proto-Slavic *morkъ (“darkness”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "merkuz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "merkų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-ijatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijôz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "merkų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-ijatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-īs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-īs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizōi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōmaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōmiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/merkuz", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "dark" ], "id": "en-merkuz-gem-pro-adj-5rtWib7s", "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ] ], "related": [ { "word": "merkwą" }, { "word": "mirkwijaną" }, { "word": "mirkwiz" }, { "word": "merkwô" } ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈmer.kuz/" } ], "word": "merkuz" }
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*mirkwī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *mirkwī\nOld English: mirce, mierce\nMiddle English: mirke, merke\nScots: mirk, merk, mark\nEnglish: mirk, murk\nOld Saxon: mirki", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *mirkwī\nOld English: mirce, mierce\nMiddle English: mirke, merke\nScots: mirk, merk, mark\nEnglish: mirk, murk\nOld Saxon: mirki" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "myrkr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse: myrkr\nIcelandic: myrkur\nFaroese: myrkur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: myrk, mørk\nSwedish: mörk\nDanish: mørk\nNorwegian Bokmål: mørk", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Old Norse: myrkr\nIcelandic: myrkur\nFaroese: myrkur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: myrk, mørk\nSwedish: mörk\nDanish: mørk\nNorwegian Bokmål: mørk" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "urj-fin-pro", "2": "*mürkkü", "bor": "1", "t": "poison", "unc": "1" }, "expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *mürkkü (“poison”)", "name": "desc" }, { "args": {}, "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)", "name": "see desc" } ], "text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *mürkkü (“poison”) (see there for further descendants)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*mergʷ-", "4": "*(h₂)mer(H)gʷ-", "t": "dark" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)mer(H)gʷ- (“dark”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*mergъ", "t": "brown" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *mergъ (“brown”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*morkъ", "3": "", "4": "darkness" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *morkъ (“darkness”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From earlier *merkwuz, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)mer(H)gʷ- (“dark”), cognate to Proto-Slavic *mergъ (“brown”). Orr summarizes arguments for borrowing from common Slavic into common Germanic. In any case, related to Proto-Slavic *morkъ (“darkness”).", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "merkuz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "merkų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-ijatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijôz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "merkų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-ijatō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-īs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijas", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "-īs", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizōi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaizō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaimiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "strong" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijǭ", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijaniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijô", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnunz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīniz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijanǫ̂", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīni", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōmaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwīnē", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijōmiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural", "weak" ] }, { "form": "mirkwijammiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural", "weak" ] } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/merkuz", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "word": "merkwą" }, { "word": "mirkwijaną" }, { "word": "mirkwiz" }, { "word": "merkwô" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Germanic adjectives", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic u-stem adjectives" ], "glosses": [ "dark" ], "links": [ [ "dark", "dark" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ], "wikipedia": [ "Brill Publishers" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈmer.kuz/" } ], "word": "merkuz" }
Download raw JSONL data for merkuz meaning in Proto-Germanic (9.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.