See markō in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "markalandą"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "markōmann-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*marku"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *marku\nOld English: mearc\nMiddle English: marke, merke, mark\nEnglish: mark\nScots: merk, mark\nOld Frisian: merk\nSaterland Frisian: Maak, Määrk\nWest Frisian: mark\nOld Saxon: marka\nMiddle Low German: marke\nGerman Low German: Mark\nOld Dutch: *marka\nMiddle Dutch: marke\nDutch: mark\nOld High German: marka\nMiddle High German: marke, march, marc\nGerman: Mark\nSuevic:\n→ Galician: marco\n→ Portuguese: marco\n→ Medieval Latin: marca (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *marku\nOld English: mearc\nMiddle English: marke, merke, mark\nEnglish: mark\nScots: merk, mark\nOld Frisian: merk\nSaterland Frisian: Maak, Määrk\nWest Frisian: mark\nOld Saxon: marka\nMiddle Low German: marke\nGerman Low German: Mark\nOld Dutch: *marka\nMiddle Dutch: marke\nDutch: mark\nOld High German: marka\nMiddle High German: marke, march, marc\nGerman: Mark\nSuevic:\n→ Galician: marco\n→ Portuguese: marco\n→ Medieval Latin: marca (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᛗᚨᚱᚲᚢ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᛗᚨᚱᚲᚢ (*marku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᛗᚨᚱᚲᚢ (*marku)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "mǫrk"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: mǫrk\nIcelandic: mörk\nFaroese: mørk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: mork, mark\nOld Swedish: mark\nSwedish: mark\nDanish: mark\nNorwegian Bokmål: mark\n→ Old Irish: marg\nIrish: marg",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: mǫrk\nIcelandic: mörk\nFaroese: mørk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: mork, mark\nOld Swedish: mark\nSwedish: mark\nDanish: mark\nNorwegian Bokmål: mark\n→ Old Irish: marg\nIrish: marg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰 (marka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰 (marka)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*morǵ-",
"5": "division; edge, boundary, border"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *morǵ- (“division; edge, boundary, border”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "مَرْز",
"t": "boundary, frontier",
"tr": "marz"
},
"expansion": "Persian مَرْز (marz, “boundary, frontier”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "margō",
"t": "border, edge"
},
"expansion": "Latin margō (“border, edge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*mrogis",
"t": "region, country"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *mrogis (“region, country”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *morǵ- (“division; edge, boundary, border”), from *merǵ- (“to divide; edge, boundary, border”). Cognate with Persian مَرْز (marz, “boundary, frontier”), Latin margō (“border, edge”), Proto-Celtic *mrogis (“region, country”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "markō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "markō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "markôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "markǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "markōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "markōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "markō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/markō",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "marką"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "markōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border, boundary"
],
"id": "en-markō-gem-pro-noun-hsKCK1aX",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"region, area"
],
"id": "en-markō-gem-pro-noun-Sb8zSIJp",
"links": [
[
"region",
"region"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑr.kɔː/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "markō"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns",
"gem-pro:Geography"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "markalandą"
},
{
"word": "markōmann-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*marku"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *marku\nOld English: mearc\nMiddle English: marke, merke, mark\nEnglish: mark\nScots: merk, mark\nOld Frisian: merk\nSaterland Frisian: Maak, Määrk\nWest Frisian: mark\nOld Saxon: marka\nMiddle Low German: marke\nGerman Low German: Mark\nOld Dutch: *marka\nMiddle Dutch: marke\nDutch: mark\nOld High German: marka\nMiddle High German: marke, march, marc\nGerman: Mark\nSuevic:\n→ Galician: marco\n→ Portuguese: marco\n→ Medieval Latin: marca (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *marku\nOld English: mearc\nMiddle English: marke, merke, mark\nEnglish: mark\nScots: merk, mark\nOld Frisian: merk\nSaterland Frisian: Maak, Määrk\nWest Frisian: mark\nOld Saxon: marka\nMiddle Low German: marke\nGerman Low German: Mark\nOld Dutch: *marka\nMiddle Dutch: marke\nDutch: mark\nOld High German: marka\nMiddle High German: marke, march, marc\nGerman: Mark\nSuevic:\n→ Galician: marco\n→ Portuguese: marco\n→ Medieval Latin: marca (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᛗᚨᚱᚲᚢ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᛗᚨᚱᚲᚢ (*marku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᛗᚨᚱᚲᚢ (*marku)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "mǫrk"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: mǫrk\nIcelandic: mörk\nFaroese: mørk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: mork, mark\nOld Swedish: mark\nSwedish: mark\nDanish: mark\nNorwegian Bokmål: mark\n→ Old Irish: marg\nIrish: marg",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: mǫrk\nIcelandic: mörk\nFaroese: mørk\nNorwegian Nynorsk: mork, mark\nOld Swedish: mark\nSwedish: mark\nDanish: mark\nNorwegian Bokmål: mark\n→ Old Irish: marg\nIrish: marg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰 (marka)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰 (marka)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*morǵ-",
"5": "division; edge, boundary, border"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *morǵ- (“division; edge, boundary, border”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "مَرْز",
"t": "boundary, frontier",
"tr": "marz"
},
"expansion": "Persian مَرْز (marz, “boundary, frontier”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "margō",
"t": "border, edge"
},
"expansion": "Latin margō (“border, edge”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*mrogis",
"t": "region, country"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *mrogis (“region, country”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *morǵ- (“division; edge, boundary, border”), from *merǵ- (“to divide; edge, boundary, border”). Cognate with Persian مَرْز (marz, “boundary, frontier”), Latin margō (“border, edge”), Proto-Celtic *mrogis (“region, country”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "markō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "markō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "markôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "markǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "markōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "markōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "markō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "markōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/markō",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "marką"
},
{
"word": "markōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"border, boundary"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"region, area"
],
"links": [
[
"region",
"region"
],
[
"area",
"area"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑr.kɔː/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "markō"
}
Download raw JSONL data for markō meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.