See malaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for malaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (8.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*malan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *malan\nOld Frisian:\nWest Frisian: mealle\nOld Saxon: malan\nMiddle Low German: malen\nLow German: mahlen\nOld Dutch: *malan\nMiddle Dutch: mālen\nDutch: malen\nAfrikaans: maal\nBerbice Creole Dutch: mali\nNegerhollands: maal\nLimburgish: male\nOld High German: malan\nMiddle High German: malen, maln\nBavarian: måhln, moihn\nGerman: mahlen\nLuxembourgish: muelen\nMòcheno: moln",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *malan\nOld Frisian:\nWest Frisian: mealle\nOld Saxon: malan\nMiddle Low German: malen\nLow German: mahlen\nOld Dutch: *malan\nMiddle Dutch: mālen\nDutch: malen\nAfrikaans: maal\nBerbice Creole Dutch: mali\nNegerhollands: maal\nLimburgish: male\nOld High German: malan\nMiddle High German: malen, maln\nBavarian: måhln, moihn\nGerman: mahlen\nLuxembourgish: muelen\nMòcheno: moln"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "mala"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: mala\nIcelandic: mala\nFaroese: mala\nNorwegian: male\nOld Swedish: mala\nSwedish: mala\nDanish: male",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: mala\nIcelandic: mala\nFaroese: mala\nNorwegian: male\nOld Swedish: mala\nSwedish: mala\nDanish: male"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (malan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (malan)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to beat, crush, grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to beat, crush, grind”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "molō",
"3": "",
"4": "mill, grist, grind",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Latin molō (“mill, grist, grind”, verb)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to beat, crush, grind”). Cognate with Latin molō (“mill, grist, grind”, verb).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "malō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "maladau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "maladai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "malaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "maladiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "maladiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōludiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "malanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mal",
"2": "mōl",
"3": "mōl",
"4": "mal",
"class": "6"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/malaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"id": "en-malaną-gem-pro-verb-Z7eRVPPd",
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "mellō"
},
{
"word": "melwą"
},
{
"word": "muljaną"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑ.lɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "malaną"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*malan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *malan\nOld Frisian:\nWest Frisian: mealle\nOld Saxon: malan\nMiddle Low German: malen\nLow German: mahlen\nOld Dutch: *malan\nMiddle Dutch: mālen\nDutch: malen\nAfrikaans: maal\nBerbice Creole Dutch: mali\nNegerhollands: maal\nLimburgish: male\nOld High German: malan\nMiddle High German: malen, maln\nBavarian: måhln, moihn\nGerman: mahlen\nLuxembourgish: muelen\nMòcheno: moln",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *malan\nOld Frisian:\nWest Frisian: mealle\nOld Saxon: malan\nMiddle Low German: malen\nLow German: mahlen\nOld Dutch: *malan\nMiddle Dutch: mālen\nDutch: malen\nAfrikaans: maal\nBerbice Creole Dutch: mali\nNegerhollands: maal\nLimburgish: male\nOld High German: malan\nMiddle High German: malen, maln\nBavarian: måhln, moihn\nGerman: mahlen\nLuxembourgish: muelen\nMòcheno: moln"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "mala"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: mala\nIcelandic: mala\nFaroese: mala\nNorwegian: male\nOld Swedish: mala\nSwedish: mala\nDanish: male",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: mala\nIcelandic: mala\nFaroese: mala\nNorwegian: male\nOld Swedish: mala\nSwedish: mala\nDanish: male"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (malan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (malan)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*melh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to beat, crush, grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to beat, crush, grind”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "molō",
"3": "",
"4": "mill, grist, grind",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "Latin molō (“mill, grist, grind”, verb)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to beat, crush, grind”). Cognate with Latin molō (“mill, grist, grind”, verb).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "malō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mal",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "malaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "maladau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "maladai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "malaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "maladiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "maladiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "malaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "malandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōludiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "mōlīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "malandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "malanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mal",
"2": "mōl",
"3": "mōl",
"4": "mal",
"class": "6"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/malaną",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "mellō"
},
{
"word": "melwą"
},
{
"word": "muljaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic class 6 strong verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *melh₂-",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to grind"
],
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɑ.lɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "malaną"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.