See laikaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*laik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *laik\nOld English: lāc n or f\nMiddle English: lake, lak, lac\nEnglish: lake\nOld High German: leih\nMiddle High German: leich\nGerman: Laich (“spawn”)\n→ German: Leich (\"song\", learned borrowing)\n→ Old French: lai\nFrench: lai\n→ Middle English: lay\nEnglish: lay",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *laik\nOld English: lāc n or f\nMiddle English: lake, lak, lac\nEnglish: lake\nOld High German: leih\nMiddle High German: leich\nGerman: Laich (“spawn”)\n→ German: Leich (\"song\", learned borrowing)\n→ Old French: lai\nFrench: lai\n→ Middle English: lay\nEnglish: lay"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (*laikaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (*laikaʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚺᚨᛞᚢᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ",
"der": "1",
"pos": "male given name"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛞᚢᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (hadulaikaʀ, male given name)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛞᚢᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (hadulaikaʀ, male given name)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "leikr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: leikr\nIcelandic: leikur\nFaroese: leikur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: leik\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: leik\nDanish: leg\nNorwegian Bokmål: lek\nOld Swedish: leker\nSwedish: lek\n→ Finnish: leikki",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: leikr\nIcelandic: leikur\nFaroese: leikur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: leik\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: leik\nDanish: leg\nNorwegian Bokmål: lek\nOld Swedish: leker\nSwedish: lek\n→ Finnish: leikki"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*likъ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Slavic: *likъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Slavic: *likъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*laikka",
"bor": "1",
"id": "gift"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *laikka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *laikka (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leyg-",
"id": "jump"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A nominal derivative of *laikaną (“to jump, play”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "laikaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laikōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laikōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laikōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laiką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laikas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laikai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laikō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laikaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "laikaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dance"
],
"id": "en-laikaz-gem-pro-noun-LDccKtpz",
"links": [
[
"dance",
"dance"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"game, sport"
],
"id": "en-laikaz-gem-pro-noun-0xHpGzri",
"links": [
[
"game",
"game"
],
[
"sport",
"sport"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 14 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hymn"
],
"id": "en-laikaz-gem-pro-noun-4CfTvo3z",
"links": [
[
"hymn",
"hymn"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "laikiz"
}
],
"word": "laikaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyg- (jump)"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*laik"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *laik\nOld English: lāc n or f\nMiddle English: lake, lak, lac\nEnglish: lake\nOld High German: leih\nMiddle High German: leich\nGerman: Laich (“spawn”)\n→ German: Leich (\"song\", learned borrowing)\n→ Old French: lai\nFrench: lai\n→ Middle English: lay\nEnglish: lay",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *laik\nOld English: lāc n or f\nMiddle English: lake, lak, lac\nEnglish: lake\nOld High German: leih\nMiddle High German: leich\nGerman: Laich (“spawn”)\n→ German: Leich (\"song\", learned borrowing)\n→ Old French: lai\nFrench: lai\n→ Middle English: lay\nEnglish: lay"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (*laikaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (*laikaʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚺᚨᛞᚢᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ",
"der": "1",
"pos": "male given name"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛞᚢᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (hadulaikaʀ, male given name)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛞᚢᛚᚨᛁᚲᚨᛉ (hadulaikaʀ, male given name)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "leikr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: leikr\nIcelandic: leikur\nFaroese: leikur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: leik\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: leik\nDanish: leg\nNorwegian Bokmål: lek\nOld Swedish: leker\nSwedish: lek\n→ Finnish: leikki",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: leikr\nIcelandic: leikur\nFaroese: leikur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: leik\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: leik\nDanish: leg\nNorwegian Bokmål: lek\nOld Swedish: leker\nSwedish: lek\n→ Finnish: leikki"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*likъ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Slavic: *likъ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Slavic: *likъ (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*laikka",
"bor": "1",
"id": "gift"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *laikka",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *laikka (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leyg-",
"id": "jump"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A nominal derivative of *laikaną (“to jump, play”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "laikaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laikōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laikōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laikōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laiką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laikas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laikai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laikō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laikamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laikaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "laikaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dance"
],
"links": [
[
"dance",
"dance"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"game, sport"
],
"links": [
[
"game",
"game"
],
[
"sport",
"sport"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hymn"
],
"links": [
[
"hymn",
"hymn"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "laikiz"
}
],
"word": "laikaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for laikaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.