See kudją in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for kudją meaning in Proto-Germanic (3.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "kedde",
"3": "ked"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: kedde, ked",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: kedde, ked"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kuddi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kuddi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kuddi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kudde",
"3": "küdde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: kudde, küdde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: kudde, küdde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kuddi"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kuddi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kuddi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cudde",
"3": "kudde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: cudde, kudde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: cudde, kudde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kudde"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kudde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kudde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kutti",
"3": "chutti"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kutti, chutti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kutti, chutti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kütte"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kütte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kütte"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kütte",
"3": "Kitte",
"4": "Kette"
},
"expansion": "German: Kütte, Kitte, Kette",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kütte, Kitte, Kette"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷeh₃u-",
"4": "",
"5": "cow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₃u- (“cow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Kroonen reconstructs the Pre-Germanic form *gʷh₃udʰh₁yom, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₃u- (“cow”), *gʷeh₃- (“to graze, pasture; to keep”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place”), with the meaning \"set of cows\". Kroonen notes, however, that the meaning of the root from the first part meant it might not have been necessarily restricted to cows. See *awidiją for a similar formation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kudją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kudją",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"herd"
],
"id": "en-kudją-gem-pro-noun-VSflN6J3",
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuð.jɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "kudją"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "kedde",
"3": "ked"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: kedde, ked",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: kedde, ked"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kuddi"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kuddi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kuddi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kudde",
"3": "küdde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: kudde, küdde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: kudde, küdde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kuddi"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kuddi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kuddi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cudde",
"3": "kudde"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: cudde, kudde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: cudde, kudde"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kudde"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kudde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kudde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "kutti",
"3": "chutti"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: kutti, chutti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: kutti, chutti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kütte"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: kütte",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: kütte"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kütte",
"3": "Kitte",
"4": "Kette"
},
"expansion": "German: Kütte, Kitte, Kette",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Kütte, Kitte, Kette"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷeh₃u-",
"4": "",
"5": "cow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₃u- (“cow”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Kroonen reconstructs the Pre-Germanic form *gʷh₃udʰh₁yom, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₃u- (“cow”), *gʷeh₃- (“to graze, pasture; to keep”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place”), with the meaning \"set of cows\". Kroonen notes, however, that the meaning of the root from the first part meant it might not have been necessarily restricted to cows. See *awidiją for a similar formation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kudją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kudją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kudjamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kudją",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"herd"
],
"links": [
[
"herd",
"herd"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuð.jɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "kudją"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.