See kringaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kring"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "*kring"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: *kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: *kring"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Kring"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Kring"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kring"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crinc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: crinc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: crinc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kring"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kring\nAfrikaans: kring\nNegerhollands: rink\n→ Indonesian: kring; → lingkungan (semantic loan)\n→ Papiamentu: kren",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kring\nAfrikaans: kring\nNegerhollands: rink\n→ Indonesian: kring; → lingkungan (semantic loan)\n→ Papiamentu: kren"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "krink"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: krink",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: krink"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*kring"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *kring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "krinc"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: krinc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: krinc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kring"
},
"expansion": "German: Kring",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "German: Kring (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kringel",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: kringel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: kringel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kringel"
},
"expansion": "German: Kringel, Krengel\n→ Russian: кре́ндель (kréndelʹ)\n→ English: krendel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "German: Kringel, Krengel\n→ Russian: кре́ндель (kréndelʹ)\n→ English: krendel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kringr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: kringr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: kringr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kringur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: kringur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: kringur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kringur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: kringur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: kringur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kring",
"3": "omkring",
"4": "ikring",
"5": "kringom",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: kring, omkring, ikring, kringom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: kring, omkring, ikring, kringom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kring",
"3": "omkring",
"4": "ikring",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Swedish: kring, omkring, ikring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Swedish: kring, omkring, ikring"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the strong verb *kringaną (“to turn, fall”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kringaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kringōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kringōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kringōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kringą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kringas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kringai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kringaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ring, circle"
],
"id": "en-kringaz-gem-pro-noun-a3rdM7G8",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kringaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*kring"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *kring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "*kring"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: *kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: *kring"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Kring"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Kring"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*kring"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *kring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crinc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: crinc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: crinc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kring"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: kring\nAfrikaans: kring\nNegerhollands: rink\n→ Indonesian: kring; → lingkungan (semantic loan)\n→ Papiamentu: kren",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: kring\nAfrikaans: kring\nNegerhollands: rink\n→ Indonesian: kring; → lingkungan (semantic loan)\n→ Papiamentu: kren"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "krink"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: krink",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: krink"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*kring"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *kring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *kring"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "krinc"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: krinc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: krinc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kring"
},
"expansion": "German: Kring",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "German: Kring (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kringel",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle High German: kringel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle High German: kringel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kringel"
},
"expansion": "German: Kringel, Krengel\n→ Russian: кре́ндель (kréndelʹ)\n→ English: krendel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "German: Kringel, Krengel\n→ Russian: кре́ндель (kréndelʹ)\n→ English: krendel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kringr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: kringr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: kringr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kringur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: kringur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: kringur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kringur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: kringur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: kringur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kring",
"3": "omkring",
"4": "ikring",
"5": "kringom",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: kring, omkring, ikring, kringom",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: kring, omkring, ikring, kringom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kring",
"3": "omkring",
"4": "ikring",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Swedish: kring, omkring, ikring",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Swedish: kring, omkring, ikring"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the strong verb *kringaną (“to turn, fall”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kringaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kringōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kring",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kringōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kringōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kringą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kringas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kringai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kringō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kringamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kringaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"ring, circle"
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"circle",
"circle"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kringaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kringaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.