See krītaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*krītan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *krītan\nOld Frisian: *krīta\nSaterland Frisian: kriete\nWest Frisian: krite\nOld Saxon: *krītan\nMiddle Low German: krîten\nLow German: krieten\nOld Dutch: *crītan\nMiddle Dutch: criten\nDutch: krijten\nAfrikaans: kryt\nOld High German: *krīzan\nMiddle High German: krīzen\nGerman: kreißen", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *krītan\nOld Frisian: *krīta\nSaterland Frisian: kriete\nWest Frisian: krite\nOld Saxon: *krītan\nMiddle Low German: krîten\nLow German: krieten\nOld Dutch: *crītan\nMiddle Dutch: criten\nDutch: krijten\nAfrikaans: kryt\nOld High German: *krīzan\nMiddle High German: krīzen\nGerman: kreißen" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gme-cgo", "2": "eriten", "unc": "1" }, "expansion": ">? Crimean Gothic: eriten", "name": "desc" } ], "text": ">? Crimean Gothic: eriten" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "", "4": "*greyd-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greyd-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "gme-cgo", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Crimean Gothic", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "lt", "2": "gùrti", "t": "to sound soundly" }, "expansion": "Lithuanian gùrti (“to sound soundly”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "mga", "2": "grith", "t": "a cry" }, "expansion": "Middle Irish grith (“a cry”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "gryd", "t": "a scream" }, "expansion": "Welsh gryd (“a scream”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "gingriō", "pos": "verb", "t": "cackle; squawk; quack" }, "expansion": "Latin gingriō (“cackle; squawk; quack”, verb)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "VL.", "2": "*crītāre" }, "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *crītāre", "name": "m+" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *greyd-, *grey- (“to shout”), which appears to be connected to *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely; crane”); the assignment of this reconstruction to the level of Proto-Germanic rests on the Crimean Gothic hapax eriten (taken to be a misspelling of *criten or the like). Cognate with Lithuanian gùrti (“to sound soundly”), Middle Irish grith (“a cry”), Welsh gryd (“a scream”), Latin gingriō (“cackle; squawk; quack”, verb). Thought by some to be the origin of Vulgar Latin *crītāre.", "forms": [ { "form": "strong", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-st", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "krītō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītizi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītaiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krīt", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītazai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītaizau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītidi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītadau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītadai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaidau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "krītaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaidiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "krītaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "krītandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "krītaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "krītandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītandi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītandau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krait", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kritį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kraist", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kritīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krait", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "kritī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "kritū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "kritīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kritudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "kritīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kritum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kritīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kritud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "kritīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kritun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "kritīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "kritanaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "krīt", "2": "krait", "3": "krit", "4": "krit", "class": "1" }, "name": "gem-conj-st" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krītaną", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "to call out, scream, shout, proclaim" ], "id": "en-krītaną-gem-pro-verb-cN6kyd4w", "links": [ [ "call", "call" ], [ "scream", "scream" ], [ "shout", "shout" ], [ "proclaim", "proclaim" ] ], "related": [ { "word": "kraitijaną" }, { "word": "krīskaną" }, { "word": "krīstaną" }, { "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kritiz" } ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkriː.tɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "krītaną" }
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gmw-pro", "2": "*krītan" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *krītan\nOld Frisian: *krīta\nSaterland Frisian: kriete\nWest Frisian: krite\nOld Saxon: *krītan\nMiddle Low German: krîten\nLow German: krieten\nOld Dutch: *crītan\nMiddle Dutch: criten\nDutch: krijten\nAfrikaans: kryt\nOld High German: *krīzan\nMiddle High German: krīzen\nGerman: kreißen", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *krītan\nOld Frisian: *krīta\nSaterland Frisian: kriete\nWest Frisian: krite\nOld Saxon: *krītan\nMiddle Low German: krîten\nLow German: krieten\nOld Dutch: *crītan\nMiddle Dutch: criten\nDutch: krijten\nAfrikaans: kryt\nOld High German: *krīzan\nMiddle High German: krīzen\nGerman: kreißen" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gme-cgo", "2": "eriten", "unc": "1" }, "expansion": ">? Crimean Gothic: eriten", "name": "desc" } ], "text": ">? Crimean Gothic: eriten" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "", "4": "*greyd-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greyd-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "gme-cgo", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Crimean Gothic", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "lt", "2": "gùrti", "t": "to sound soundly" }, "expansion": "Lithuanian gùrti (“to sound soundly”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "mga", "2": "grith", "t": "a cry" }, "expansion": "Middle Irish grith (“a cry”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "cy", "2": "gryd", "t": "a scream" }, "expansion": "Welsh gryd (“a scream”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "gingriō", "pos": "verb", "t": "cackle; squawk; quack" }, "expansion": "Latin gingriō (“cackle; squawk; quack”, verb)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "VL.", "2": "*crītāre" }, "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *crītāre", "name": "m+" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *greyd-, *grey- (“to shout”), which appears to be connected to *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely; crane”); the assignment of this reconstruction to the level of Proto-Germanic rests on the Crimean Gothic hapax eriten (taken to be a misspelling of *criten or the like). Cognate with Lithuanian gùrti (“to sound soundly”), Middle Irish grith (“a cry”), Welsh gryd (“a scream”), Latin gingriō (“cackle; squawk; quack”, verb). Thought by some to be the origin of Vulgar Latin *crītāre.", "forms": [ { "form": "strong", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "gem-conj-st", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "1", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "krītō", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītaų", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītizi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītaiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krīt", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītazai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "krītaizau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītidi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītadau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītadai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaidau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītōz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "krītaiw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "imperative" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "indicative", "passive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "first-person", "passive", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaidiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītadiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "imperative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "indicative", "passive", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "dual", "passive", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītamaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "krītaim", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "krītandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "passive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "krītaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "first-person", "passive", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītid", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "krītandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krītandi", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītain", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītandau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "imperative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītandai", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "indicative", "passive", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītaindau", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "passive", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krait", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kritį̄", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kraist", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "kritīz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "krait", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "kritī", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "kritū", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "indicative" ] }, { "form": "kritīw", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "first-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kritudiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "indicative", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "kritīdiz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "dual", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kritum", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "kritīm", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "first-person", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kritud", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "kritīd", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "kritun", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "kritīn", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "krītandz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "kritanaz", "source": "inflection", "tags": [ "active", "participle", "past", "subjunctive" ] } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "krīt", "2": "krait", "3": "krit", "4": "krit", "class": "1" }, "name": "gem-conj-st" } ], "lang": "Proto-Germanic", "lang_code": "gem-pro", "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krītaną", "pos": "verb", "related": [ { "word": "kraitijaną" }, { "word": "krīskaną" }, { "word": "krīstaną" }, { "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kritiz" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Proto-Germanic class 1 strong verbs", "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header", "Proto-Germanic lemmas", "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Proto-Germanic verbs" ], "glosses": [ "to call out, scream, shout, proclaim" ], "links": [ [ "call", "call" ], [ "scream", "scream" ], [ "shout", "shout" ], [ "proclaim", "proclaim" ] ], "tags": [ "reconstruction" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈkriː.tɑ.nɑ̃/" } ], "word": "krītaną" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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