See knukilaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*knukil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *knukil\nOld English: cnucel, cnyċel, *cnocel\nMiddle English: knokel, knokelle, knokill, knokyl, knokylle\nEnglish: knuckle\nScots: knockle\nYola: noughel\nOld Frisian: knokel\nSaterland Frisian: Knouel\nWest Frisian: knokkel\nOld Saxon: *knukil\nMiddle Low German: knö̂kel, knuckel\nDutch Low Saxon:\nTwents: knökel\nGerman Low German:\nAltmärkisch: Knäöw'l\nWestphalian:\nDortmunder: Knüakel\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: Knökel\nSauerländisch: Knüekel, Knöekel (Balve), Knǖkel (Niedersfeld), Knüökel (Attendorn), Kniäkel (Kirchhundem, Selbecke)\n→ Danish: knogle\nOld Dutch: *knukil\nMiddle Dutch: cnôkel, cnockel\nDutch: knokkel, kneukel\nAfrikaans: kneukel\nWest Flemish: knekel\nOld High German: *knuchil\nMiddle High German: knöchel\nGerman: Knöchel (ankle, knuckle)\nHunsrik: Knechel\nLuxembourgish: Knéchel\nYiddish: קנעכל (knekhl)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *knukil\nOld English: cnucel, cnyċel, *cnocel\nMiddle English: knokel, knokelle, knokill, knokyl, knokylle\nEnglish: knuckle\nScots: knockle\nYola: noughel\nOld Frisian: knokel\nSaterland Frisian: Knouel\nWest Frisian: knokkel\nOld Saxon: *knukil\nMiddle Low German: knö̂kel, knuckel\nDutch Low Saxon:\nTwents: knökel\nGerman Low German:\nAltmärkisch: Knäöw'l\nWestphalian:\nDortmunder: Knüakel\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: Knökel\nSauerländisch: Knüekel, Knöekel (Balve), Knǖkel (Niedersfeld), Knüökel (Attendorn), Kniäkel (Kirchhundem, Selbecke)\n→ Danish: knogle\nOld Dutch: *knukil\nMiddle Dutch: cnôkel, cnockel\nDutch: knokkel, kneukel\nAfrikaans: kneukel\nWest Flemish: knekel\nOld High German: *knuchil\nMiddle High German: knöchel\nGerman: Knöchel (ankle, knuckle)\nHunsrik: Knechel\nLuxembourgish: Knéchel\nYiddish: קנעכל (knekhl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "knykill"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: knykill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: knykill"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "kniųokel"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: kniųokel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: kniųokel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*knukô",
"3": "*-ilaz",
"id2": "diminutive",
"t1": "joint, bone",
"t2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "*knukô (“joint, bone”) + *-ilaz (“diminutive suffix”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *knukô (“joint, bone”) + *-ilaz (“diminutive suffix”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knukilaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ilaz (diminutive)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"knuckle, small bone"
],
"id": "en-knukilaz-gem-pro-noun-yZ01vbuP",
"links": [
[
"knuckle",
"knuckle"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"knot, bump"
],
"id": "en-knukilaz-gem-pro-noun-lA1UTd3o",
"links": [
[
"knot",
"knot"
],
[
"bump",
"bump"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈknu.ki.lɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "knukilaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ilaz (diminutive)"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*knukil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *knukil\nOld English: cnucel, cnyċel, *cnocel\nMiddle English: knokel, knokelle, knokill, knokyl, knokylle\nEnglish: knuckle\nScots: knockle\nYola: noughel\nOld Frisian: knokel\nSaterland Frisian: Knouel\nWest Frisian: knokkel\nOld Saxon: *knukil\nMiddle Low German: knö̂kel, knuckel\nDutch Low Saxon:\nTwents: knökel\nGerman Low German:\nAltmärkisch: Knäöw'l\nWestphalian:\nDortmunder: Knüakel\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: Knökel\nSauerländisch: Knüekel, Knöekel (Balve), Knǖkel (Niedersfeld), Knüökel (Attendorn), Kniäkel (Kirchhundem, Selbecke)\n→ Danish: knogle\nOld Dutch: *knukil\nMiddle Dutch: cnôkel, cnockel\nDutch: knokkel, kneukel\nAfrikaans: kneukel\nWest Flemish: knekel\nOld High German: *knuchil\nMiddle High German: knöchel\nGerman: Knöchel (ankle, knuckle)\nHunsrik: Knechel\nLuxembourgish: Knéchel\nYiddish: קנעכל (knekhl)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *knukil\nOld English: cnucel, cnyċel, *cnocel\nMiddle English: knokel, knokelle, knokill, knokyl, knokylle\nEnglish: knuckle\nScots: knockle\nYola: noughel\nOld Frisian: knokel\nSaterland Frisian: Knouel\nWest Frisian: knokkel\nOld Saxon: *knukil\nMiddle Low German: knö̂kel, knuckel\nDutch Low Saxon:\nTwents: knökel\nGerman Low German:\nAltmärkisch: Knäöw'l\nWestphalian:\nDortmunder: Knüakel\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: Knökel\nSauerländisch: Knüekel, Knöekel (Balve), Knǖkel (Niedersfeld), Knüökel (Attendorn), Kniäkel (Kirchhundem, Selbecke)\n→ Danish: knogle\nOld Dutch: *knukil\nMiddle Dutch: cnôkel, cnockel\nDutch: knokkel, kneukel\nAfrikaans: kneukel\nWest Flemish: knekel\nOld High German: *knuchil\nMiddle High German: knöchel\nGerman: Knöchel (ankle, knuckle)\nHunsrik: Knechel\nLuxembourgish: Knéchel\nYiddish: קנעכל (knekhl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "knykill"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: knykill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: knykill"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "kniųokel"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: kniųokel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: kniųokel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*knukô",
"3": "*-ilaz",
"id2": "diminutive",
"t1": "joint, bone",
"t2": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "*knukô (“joint, bone”) + *-ilaz (“diminutive suffix”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *knukô (“joint, bone”) + *-ilaz (“diminutive suffix”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "knukilamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knukilaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gem-pro:Bones"
],
"glosses": [
"knuckle, small bone"
],
"links": [
[
"knuckle",
"knuckle"
],
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"knot, bump"
],
"links": [
[
"knot",
"knot"
],
[
"bump",
"bump"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈknu.ki.lɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "knukilaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for knukilaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (89e900c and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.