See kaisaraz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kaisaraz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kaisar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kaisar\nOld English: cāsere, cāsaer, cāser\nMiddle English: casere, kasere; caser, casare, kasar\nMiddle Scots: casar, casere, cazard\nOld Frisian: kaiser, keiser\nSaterland Frisian: Kaiser\nWest Frisian: keizer\nOld Saxon: kēsar, *keisari\nMiddle Low German: *keisere\nPlautdietsch: Kjeisa\n→ Old Norse: keisari\nIcelandic: keisari\nFaroese: keisari\nNorwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: keiser\nNorwegian Nynorsk: keisar\nOld Swedish: keysar, keysare\nSwedish: kejsare\n→ Finnish: keisari\nDanish: kejser\nGutnish: kaisare\nOld Dutch: keiser\nMiddle Dutch: keiser\nDutch: keizer\nOld High German: keisar, keisur\nMiddle High German: keiser\nGerman: Kaiser, Kayser, Käiser, Käyser, Keiser, Keyser\n→ Russian: ка́йзер (kájzer, kájzɛr)\n→ Upper Sorbian: kejžor\nLuxembourgish: Keeser\nYiddish: קייסער (keyser)\n→ Middle English: kayser, caisare, caiser, caisoure, cayser, caysere, kaiser, kaisere, keiser\n⇒ English: Kaiser, kaiser\n→ Scots: Kaiser",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kaisar\nOld English: cāsere, cāsaer, cāser\nMiddle English: casere, kasere; caser, casare, kasar\nMiddle Scots: casar, casere, cazard\nOld Frisian: kaiser, keiser\nSaterland Frisian: Kaiser\nWest Frisian: keizer\nOld Saxon: kēsar, *keisari\nMiddle Low German: *keisere\nPlautdietsch: Kjeisa\n→ Old Norse: keisari\nIcelandic: keisari\nFaroese: keisari\nNorwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: keiser\nNorwegian Nynorsk: keisar\nOld Swedish: keysar, keysare\nSwedish: kejsare\n→ Finnish: keisari\nDanish: kejser\nGutnish: kaisare\nOld Dutch: keiser\nMiddle Dutch: keiser\nDutch: keizer\nOld High German: keisar, keisur\nMiddle High German: keiser\nGerman: Kaiser, Kayser, Käiser, Käyser, Keiser, Keyser\n→ Russian: ка́йзер (kájzer, kájzɛr)\n→ Upper Sorbian: kejžor\nLuxembourgish: Keeser\nYiddish: קייסער (keyser)\n→ Middle English: kayser, caisare, caiser, caisoure, cayser, caysere, kaiser, kaisere, keiser\n⇒ English: Kaiser, kaiser\n→ Scots: Kaiser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kjárr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: kjárr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: kjárr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*cěsařь",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Slavic: *cěsařь",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from an uncertain Germanic language; not directly from Proto-Germanic"
},
"expansion": "(from an uncertain Germanic language; not directly from Proto-Germanic)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Slavic: *cěsařь (from an uncertain Germanic language; not directly from Proto-Germanic) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "Caesar"
},
"expansion": "Latin Caesar",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂 (kaisar)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed at a post-Proto-Germanic stage from Latin Caesar. According to Ringe, the Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂 (kaisar) is an independent borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kaisaraz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emperor (of Rome)"
],
"id": "en-kaisaraz-gem-pro-noun-W~7~q-z8",
"links": [
[
"emperor",
"emperor"
]
],
"qualifier": "Northwest-Germanic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northwest-Germanic) emperor (of Rome)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑi̯.sɑ.rɑz/"
}
],
"word": "kaisaraz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kaisar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kaisar\nOld English: cāsere, cāsaer, cāser\nMiddle English: casere, kasere; caser, casare, kasar\nMiddle Scots: casar, casere, cazard\nOld Frisian: kaiser, keiser\nSaterland Frisian: Kaiser\nWest Frisian: keizer\nOld Saxon: kēsar, *keisari\nMiddle Low German: *keisere\nPlautdietsch: Kjeisa\n→ Old Norse: keisari\nIcelandic: keisari\nFaroese: keisari\nNorwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: keiser\nNorwegian Nynorsk: keisar\nOld Swedish: keysar, keysare\nSwedish: kejsare\n→ Finnish: keisari\nDanish: kejser\nGutnish: kaisare\nOld Dutch: keiser\nMiddle Dutch: keiser\nDutch: keizer\nOld High German: keisar, keisur\nMiddle High German: keiser\nGerman: Kaiser, Kayser, Käiser, Käyser, Keiser, Keyser\n→ Russian: ка́йзер (kájzer, kájzɛr)\n→ Upper Sorbian: kejžor\nLuxembourgish: Keeser\nYiddish: קייסער (keyser)\n→ Middle English: kayser, caisare, caiser, caisoure, cayser, caysere, kaiser, kaisere, keiser\n⇒ English: Kaiser, kaiser\n→ Scots: Kaiser",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kaisar\nOld English: cāsere, cāsaer, cāser\nMiddle English: casere, kasere; caser, casare, kasar\nMiddle Scots: casar, casere, cazard\nOld Frisian: kaiser, keiser\nSaterland Frisian: Kaiser\nWest Frisian: keizer\nOld Saxon: kēsar, *keisari\nMiddle Low German: *keisere\nPlautdietsch: Kjeisa\n→ Old Norse: keisari\nIcelandic: keisari\nFaroese: keisari\nNorwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: keiser\nNorwegian Nynorsk: keisar\nOld Swedish: keysar, keysare\nSwedish: kejsare\n→ Finnish: keisari\nDanish: kejser\nGutnish: kaisare\nOld Dutch: keiser\nMiddle Dutch: keiser\nDutch: keizer\nOld High German: keisar, keisur\nMiddle High German: keiser\nGerman: Kaiser, Kayser, Käiser, Käyser, Keiser, Keyser\n→ Russian: ка́йзер (kájzer, kájzɛr)\n→ Upper Sorbian: kejžor\nLuxembourgish: Keeser\nYiddish: קייסער (keyser)\n→ Middle English: kayser, caisare, caiser, caisoure, cayser, caysere, kaiser, kaisere, keiser\n⇒ English: Kaiser, kaiser\n→ Scots: Kaiser"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kjárr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: kjárr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: kjárr"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*cěsařь",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Slavic: *cěsařь",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "from an uncertain Germanic language; not directly from Proto-Germanic"
},
"expansion": "(from an uncertain Germanic language; not directly from Proto-Germanic)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Slavic: *cěsařь (from an uncertain Germanic language; not directly from Proto-Germanic) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "la",
"3": "Caesar"
},
"expansion": "Latin Caesar",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂 (kaisar)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed at a post-Proto-Germanic stage from Latin Caesar. According to Ringe, the Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂 (kaisar) is an independent borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisarō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kaisaramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kaisaraz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms borrowed from Latin",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Latin",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"emperor (of Rome)"
],
"links": [
[
"emperor",
"emperor"
]
],
"qualifier": "Northwest-Germanic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northwest-Germanic) emperor (of Rome)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑi̯.sɑ.rɑz/"
}
],
"word": "kaisaraz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.