See kūz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kō\nOld English: cū\nMiddle English: cou, cow, cowe, cu, kow, kowe, ku\nEnglish: cow (see there for further descendants)\nGeordie English: coo\nScots: coo, coe, cou\nYola: keow\nOld Frisian: kū\nNorth Frisian: ko, kø, kü\nSylt: Kü\nSaterland Frisian: Ku\nWest Frisian: ko\nOld Saxon: kō\nMiddle Low German: kô, ko, koo, kou, koe, koh, koy, ku\nGerman Low German: Koh, Kauh, Ko, Koo, Kuh\nPlautdietsch: Koo\nOld Dutch: cuo\nMiddle Dutch: coe\nDutch: koe (see there for further descendants)\nLimburgish: ków\nWest Flemish: koe\nOld High German: kuo\nMiddle High German: kuo, kū, kō, chuo\nAlemannic German: Chue\nAlsatian: Küeh\nWalser: Chua\nBavarian: Kuah, Kouh (Northern Bavarian), Kua (spelling variant)\nCimbrian: khua\nMòcheno: kua\nCentral Franconian: Kuh, Koh\nHunsrik: Kuh\nLuxembourgish: Kou\nEast Franconian: Kou, Kua, Kuu\nGerman: Kuh\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Kuh\nVilamovian: kü\nYiddish: קו (ku)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kō\nOld English: cū\nMiddle English: cou, cow, cowe, cu, kow, kowe, ku\nEnglish: cow (see there for further descendants)\nGeordie English: coo\nScots: coo, coe, cou\nYola: keow\nOld Frisian: kū\nNorth Frisian: ko, kø, kü\nSylt: Kü\nSaterland Frisian: Ku\nWest Frisian: ko\nOld Saxon: kō\nMiddle Low German: kô, ko, koo, kou, koe, koh, koy, ku\nGerman Low German: Koh, Kauh, Ko, Koo, Kuh\nPlautdietsch: Koo\nOld Dutch: cuo\nMiddle Dutch: coe\nDutch: koe (see there for further descendants)\nLimburgish: ków\nWest Flemish: koe\nOld High German: kuo\nMiddle High German: kuo, kū, kō, chuo\nAlemannic German: Chue\nAlsatian: Küeh\nWalser: Chua\nBavarian: Kuah, Kouh (Northern Bavarian), Kua (spelling variant)\nCimbrian: khua\nMòcheno: kua\nCentral Franconian: Kuh, Koh\nHunsrik: Kuh\nLuxembourgish: Kou\nEast Franconian: Kou, Kua, Kuu\nGerman: Kuh\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Kuh\nVilamovian: kü\nYiddish: קו (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kýr",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "kýr\nIcelandic: kýr\nFaroese: kúgv, kú\nNorwegian Nynorsk: ku\nNorwegian Bokmål: ku\nJamtish: kú\nElfdalian: tjyr",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old West Norse: kýr\nIcelandic: kýr\nFaroese: kúgv, kú\nNorwegian Nynorsk: ku\nNorwegian Bokmål: ku\nJamtish: kú\nElfdalian: tjyr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non-oen",
"2": "*kōʀ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Norse: *kōʀ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Norse: *kōʀ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "kō"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: kō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: kō"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ko"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: ko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: ko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "ko",
"alt": "kō"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: kō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: kō"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ko"
},
"expansion": "Danish: ko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: ko"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷṓws",
"4": "*gʷéh₃u-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷéh₃u-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *kwōz ~ *kwūiz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéh₃u-s ~ *gʷuh₃-és.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kūz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kūiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kūų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kūiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kūē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kūz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cow"
],
"id": "en-kūz-gem-pro-noun-vrE0dUkQ",
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuːz/"
}
],
"word": "kūz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*kō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kō\nOld English: cū\nMiddle English: cou, cow, cowe, cu, kow, kowe, ku\nEnglish: cow (see there for further descendants)\nGeordie English: coo\nScots: coo, coe, cou\nYola: keow\nOld Frisian: kū\nNorth Frisian: ko, kø, kü\nSylt: Kü\nSaterland Frisian: Ku\nWest Frisian: ko\nOld Saxon: kō\nMiddle Low German: kô, ko, koo, kou, koe, koh, koy, ku\nGerman Low German: Koh, Kauh, Ko, Koo, Kuh\nPlautdietsch: Koo\nOld Dutch: cuo\nMiddle Dutch: coe\nDutch: koe (see there for further descendants)\nLimburgish: ków\nWest Flemish: koe\nOld High German: kuo\nMiddle High German: kuo, kū, kō, chuo\nAlemannic German: Chue\nAlsatian: Küeh\nWalser: Chua\nBavarian: Kuah, Kouh (Northern Bavarian), Kua (spelling variant)\nCimbrian: khua\nMòcheno: kua\nCentral Franconian: Kuh, Koh\nHunsrik: Kuh\nLuxembourgish: Kou\nEast Franconian: Kou, Kua, Kuu\nGerman: Kuh\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Kuh\nVilamovian: kü\nYiddish: קו (ku)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kō\nOld English: cū\nMiddle English: cou, cow, cowe, cu, kow, kowe, ku\nEnglish: cow (see there for further descendants)\nGeordie English: coo\nScots: coo, coe, cou\nYola: keow\nOld Frisian: kū\nNorth Frisian: ko, kø, kü\nSylt: Kü\nSaterland Frisian: Ku\nWest Frisian: ko\nOld Saxon: kō\nMiddle Low German: kô, ko, koo, kou, koe, koh, koy, ku\nGerman Low German: Koh, Kauh, Ko, Koo, Kuh\nPlautdietsch: Koo\nOld Dutch: cuo\nMiddle Dutch: coe\nDutch: koe (see there for further descendants)\nLimburgish: ków\nWest Flemish: koe\nOld High German: kuo\nMiddle High German: kuo, kū, kō, chuo\nAlemannic German: Chue\nAlsatian: Küeh\nWalser: Chua\nBavarian: Kuah, Kouh (Northern Bavarian), Kua (spelling variant)\nCimbrian: khua\nMòcheno: kua\nCentral Franconian: Kuh, Koh\nHunsrik: Kuh\nLuxembourgish: Kou\nEast Franconian: Kou, Kua, Kuu\nGerman: Kuh\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Kuh\nVilamovian: kü\nYiddish: קו (ku)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kýr",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "kýr\nIcelandic: kýr\nFaroese: kúgv, kú\nNorwegian Nynorsk: ku\nNorwegian Bokmål: ku\nJamtish: kú\nElfdalian: tjyr",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old West Norse: kýr\nIcelandic: kýr\nFaroese: kúgv, kú\nNorwegian Nynorsk: ku\nNorwegian Bokmål: ku\nJamtish: kú\nElfdalian: tjyr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non-oen",
"2": "*kōʀ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Norse: *kōʀ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Norse: *kōʀ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "kō"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: kō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: kō"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ko"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: ko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: ko"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "ko",
"alt": "kō"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: kō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: kō"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ko"
},
"expansion": "Danish: ko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: ko"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʷṓws",
"4": "*gʷéh₃u-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷéh₃u-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *kwōz ~ *kwūiz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷéh₃u-s ~ *gʷuh₃-és.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kūz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kūiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kūų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kūiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kūē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kūumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kūz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic consonant stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"gem-pro:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"cow"
],
"links": [
[
"cow",
"cow"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuːz/"
}
],
"word": "kūz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kūz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.