See hōkaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hōk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hōc"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hōc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hōc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hoc",
"3": "hok",
"4": "hoke",
"5": "hooke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hoc, hok, hoke, hooke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hoc, hok, hoke, hooke"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "huke",
"3": "huik",
"4": "hewk"
},
"expansion": "Scots: huke, huik, hewk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: huke, huik, hewk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hook"
},
"expansion": "English: hook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hook"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hōk"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hōk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Houk"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Houk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Houk; (Hoake)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hoeke",
"3": "hoek"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: hoeke, hoek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: hoeke, hoek"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hōk"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hōk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "hôk",
"3": "hûk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: hôk, hûk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: hôk, hûk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Hook"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Hook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Hook"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Huk"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Huk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Huk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hook",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Hook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Hook"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hōk"
},
"expansion": "Frankish: *hōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Frankish: *hōk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*hōc",
"3": "huc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *hōc, huc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *hōc, huc (in placenames)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hoec",
"3": "houc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: hoec, houc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: hoec, houc"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoek"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: hoek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: hoek"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "huk",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: huk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: huk"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "huk",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: huk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: huk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hoc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: hoc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: hoc (also possibly from Old Norse)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "hoquet"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: hoquet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: hoquet"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hoquet"
},
"expansion": "French: hoquet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: hoquet"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hockey",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: hockey",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: hockey (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hœkja",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: hœkja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: hœkja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hækja"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hækja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hækja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "høkja"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: høkja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: høkja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "høkje"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: høkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: høkje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "hek"
},
"expansion": "Norn: hek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norn: hek"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heck",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scots: heck",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scots: heck; heckle"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kookka",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kookka\nEstonian: kook\nFinnish: kuokka\n→ Northern Sami: guohkki\nIngrian: kookka\nKarelian:\nNorth Karelian: kuokka\nSouth Karelian: kuokka\nLivonian: kūok\nLivvi: kuokku\nLudian: kuok\nVeps: kok\nVõro: kuuk\nVotic: kookkõ",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kookka\nEstonian: kook\nFinnish: kuokka\n→ Northern Sami: guohkki\nIngrian: kookka\nKarelian:\nNorth Karelian: kuokka\nSouth Karelian: kuokka\nLivonian: kūok\nLivvi: kuokku\nLudian: kuok\nVeps: kok\nVõro: kuuk\nVotic: kookkõ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kog-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kog-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kog-, *keg-, *keng- (“peg, hook, claw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hōkaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hook"
],
"id": "en-hōkaz-gem-pro-noun-Bkgpi0i-",
"links": [
[
"hook",
"hook"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "hakô"
},
{
"word": "hēkô"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɔː.kɑz/"
}
],
"word": "hōkaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hōk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hōc"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hōc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hōc"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hoc",
"3": "hok",
"4": "hoke",
"5": "hooke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hoc, hok, hoke, hooke",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hoc, hok, hoke, hooke"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "huke",
"3": "huik",
"4": "hewk"
},
"expansion": "Scots: huke, huik, hewk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: huke, huik, hewk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hook"
},
"expansion": "English: hook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hook"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hōk"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hōk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Houk"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Houk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Houk; (Hoake)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hoeke",
"3": "hoek"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: hoeke, hoek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: hoeke, hoek"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hōk"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: hōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: hōk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "hôk",
"3": "hûk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: hôk, hûk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: hôk, hûk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Hook"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Hook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Hook"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Huk"
},
"expansion": "Low German: Huk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Low German: Huk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Hook",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Hook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Hook"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frk",
"2": "*hōk"
},
"expansion": "Frankish: *hōk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Frankish: *hōk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*hōc",
"3": "huc"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *hōc, huc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *hōc, huc (in placenames)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hoec",
"3": "houc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: hoec, houc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: hoec, houc"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoek"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: hoek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: hoek"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "huk",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: huk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: huk"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "huk",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: huk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: huk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "hoc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old French: hoc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old French: hoc (also possibly from Old Norse)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "hoquet"
},
"expansion": "Middle French: hoquet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle French: hoquet"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "hoquet"
},
"expansion": "French: hoquet",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: hoquet"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hockey",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: hockey",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: hockey (possibly)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hœkja",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Old Norse: hœkja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Old Norse: hœkja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hækja"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hækja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hækja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "høkja"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: høkja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: høkja"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "høkje"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: høkje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: høkje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrn",
"2": "hek"
},
"expansion": "Norn: hek",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norn: hek"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "heck",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scots: heck",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scots: heck; heckle"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kookka",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kookka\nEstonian: kook\nFinnish: kuokka\n→ Northern Sami: guohkki\nIngrian: kookka\nKarelian:\nNorth Karelian: kuokka\nSouth Karelian: kuokka\nLivonian: kūok\nLivvi: kuokku\nLudian: kuok\nVeps: kok\nVõro: kuuk\nVotic: kookkõ",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kookka\nEstonian: kook\nFinnish: kuokka\n→ Northern Sami: guohkki\nIngrian: kookka\nKarelian:\nNorth Karelian: kuokka\nSouth Karelian: kuokka\nLivonian: kūok\nLivvi: kuokku\nLudian: kuok\nVeps: kok\nVõro: kuuk\nVotic: kookkõ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kog-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kog-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kog-, *keg-, *keng- (“peg, hook, claw”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōką",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōkamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hōkaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "hakô"
},
{
"word": "hēkô"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"hook"
],
"links": [
[
"hook",
"hook"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɔː.kɑz/"
}
],
"word": "hōkaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hōkaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.