See hwōsaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hwōsan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hwōsan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hwōsan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hwosen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hwosen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hwosen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷeh₂s-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷeh₂s-",
"t": "to cough"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s- (“to cough”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s- (“to cough”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "7e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōzanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hwōs",
"2": "hwehwōs",
"3": "hwehwōz",
"4": "hwōz",
"class": "7e",
"nopass": "1"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwōsaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hwōstô"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cough"
],
"id": "en-hwōsaną-gem-pro-verb-mlnwbWT0",
"links": [
[
"cough",
"cough"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxʷɔː.sɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "hwōsaną"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "hwōstô"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hwōsan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hwōsan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hwōsan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hwosen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hwosen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hwosen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷeh₂s-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷeh₂s-",
"t": "to cough"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s- (“to cough”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₂s- (“to cough”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "7e",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwehwōzīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōsandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hwōzanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hwōs",
"2": "hwehwōs",
"3": "hwehwōz",
"4": "hwōz",
"class": "7e",
"nopass": "1"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwōsaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic class 7e strong verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷeh₂s-",
"Proto-Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to cough"
],
"links": [
[
"cough",
"cough"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxʷɔː.sɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "hwōsaną"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hwōsaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.