See hrewwaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hreuwan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hreuwan\nOld English: hrēowan\nMiddle English: rewen, reowen, ruwen, ruen, reouwen, rowen, reowe, riewe, rewe\nEnglish: rue\nScots: rew\nOld Frisian: *hriōwa, *hriuwa, *riouwa\nWest Frisian: rouwe\nOld Saxon: hriuwan, hreuwan\nMiddle Low German: ruwen, rouwen\nLow German: ruwen, rouwen, ruen\nOld Dutch: *riuwan\nMiddle Dutch: rouwen\nDutch: rouwen\nAfrikaans: rou\nLimburgish: roewe\nOld High German: hriuwan, riuwan\nMiddle High German: riuwen\nAlemannic German: rüüwe\nGerman: reuen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hreuwan\nOld English: hrēowan\nMiddle English: rewen, reowen, ruwen, ruen, reouwen, rowen, reowe, riewe, rewe\nEnglish: rue\nScots: rew\nOld Frisian: *hriōwa, *hriuwa, *riouwa\nWest Frisian: rouwe\nOld Saxon: hriuwan, hreuwan\nMiddle Low German: ruwen, rouwen\nLow German: ruwen, rouwen, ruen\nOld Dutch: *riuwan\nMiddle Dutch: rouwen\nDutch: rouwen\nAfrikaans: rou\nLimburgish: roewe\nOld High German: hriuwan, riuwan\nMiddle High German: riuwen\nAlemannic German: rüüwe\nGerman: reuen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hryggva"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hryggva",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hryggja",
"noparent": "1"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hryggja\nFaroese: ryggja\nNorwegian Nynorsk: ryggja",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hryggva, (younger hryggja)\nIcelandic: hryggja\nFaroese: ryggja\nNorwegian Nynorsk: ryggja"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*krew(H)-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krew(H)-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*krewh₂-",
"t": "blood"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“blood”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "krùšti",
"3": "",
"4": "to smash, crash, bruise"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian krùšti (“to smash, crash, bruise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "круши́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to destroy"
},
"expansion": "Russian круши́ть (krušítʹ, “to destroy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сокруша́ться"
},
"expansion": "Russian сокруша́ться (sokrušátʹsja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "truchlit"
},
"expansion": "Czech truchlit",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*truxlъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *truxlъ",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin. Appears to trace back to a Proto-Indo-European *krew(H)-, with no secure extra-Germanic cognates. Theories include connections to Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“blood”), as well as to *krows- (“to fall, beat, break, bruise”). In the latter case, cognate with Lithuanian krùšti (“to smash, crash, bruise”), Russian круши́ть (krušítʹ, “to destroy”), Russian сокруша́ться (sokrušátʹsja) (note the same sense evolution, also compare Czech truchlit from Proto-Slavic *truxlъ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hriwwizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hreww",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hriwwidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hriwwid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hriwwid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrauw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hraut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrauwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrauw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hreww",
"2": "hrau(w)",
"3": "hruw",
"4": "hruw",
"class": "2"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrewwaną",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hriwwiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hrewwō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hrewwōną"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hriwwijaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grieve, to feel sorrow"
],
"id": "en-hrewwaną-gem-pro-verb-dFRVo9d1",
"links": [
[
"grieve",
"grieve"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cause regret, to rue"
],
"id": "en-hrewwaną-gem-pro-verb-uUuDPUUc",
"links": [
[
"regret",
"regret"
],
[
"rue",
"rue"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxrew.wɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "hrewwaną"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic class 2 strong verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Germanic verbs",
"gem-pro:Emotions"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hreuwan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hreuwan\nOld English: hrēowan\nMiddle English: rewen, reowen, ruwen, ruen, reouwen, rowen, reowe, riewe, rewe\nEnglish: rue\nScots: rew\nOld Frisian: *hriōwa, *hriuwa, *riouwa\nWest Frisian: rouwe\nOld Saxon: hriuwan, hreuwan\nMiddle Low German: ruwen, rouwen\nLow German: ruwen, rouwen, ruen\nOld Dutch: *riuwan\nMiddle Dutch: rouwen\nDutch: rouwen\nAfrikaans: rou\nLimburgish: roewe\nOld High German: hriuwan, riuwan\nMiddle High German: riuwen\nAlemannic German: rüüwe\nGerman: reuen",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hreuwan\nOld English: hrēowan\nMiddle English: rewen, reowen, ruwen, ruen, reouwen, rowen, reowe, riewe, rewe\nEnglish: rue\nScots: rew\nOld Frisian: *hriōwa, *hriuwa, *riouwa\nWest Frisian: rouwe\nOld Saxon: hriuwan, hreuwan\nMiddle Low German: ruwen, rouwen\nLow German: ruwen, rouwen, ruen\nOld Dutch: *riuwan\nMiddle Dutch: rouwen\nDutch: rouwen\nAfrikaans: rou\nLimburgish: roewe\nOld High German: hriuwan, riuwan\nMiddle High German: riuwen\nAlemannic German: rüüwe\nGerman: reuen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hryggva"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hryggva",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hryggja",
"noparent": "1"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hryggja\nFaroese: ryggja\nNorwegian Nynorsk: ryggja",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hryggva, (younger hryggja)\nIcelandic: hryggja\nFaroese: ryggja\nNorwegian Nynorsk: ryggja"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*krew(H)-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krew(H)-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*krewh₂-",
"t": "blood"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“blood”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "krùšti",
"3": "",
"4": "to smash, crash, bruise"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian krùšti (“to smash, crash, bruise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "круши́ть",
"3": "",
"4": "to destroy"
},
"expansion": "Russian круши́ть (krušítʹ, “to destroy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сокруша́ться"
},
"expansion": "Russian сокруша́ться (sokrušátʹsja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "truchlit"
},
"expansion": "Czech truchlit",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*truxlъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *truxlъ",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin. Appears to trace back to a Proto-Indo-European *krew(H)-, with no secure extra-Germanic cognates. Theories include connections to Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“blood”), as well as to *krows- (“to fall, beat, break, bruise”). In the latter case, cognate with Lithuanian krùšti (“to smash, crash, bruise”), Russian круши́ть (krušítʹ, “to destroy”), Russian сокруша́ться (sokrušátʹsja) (note the same sense evolution, also compare Czech truchlit from Proto-Slavic *truxlъ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hriwwizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hreww",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hriwwidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hriwwid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hriwwid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrauw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hraut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrauwt",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hrau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrauw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hrewwandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hruwanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hreww",
"2": "hrau(w)",
"3": "hruw",
"4": "hruw",
"class": "2"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrewwaną",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "hriwwiz"
},
{
"word": "hrewwō"
},
{
"word": "hrewwōną"
},
{
"word": "hriwwijaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to grieve, to feel sorrow"
],
"links": [
[
"grieve",
"grieve"
],
[
"sorrow",
"sorrow"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to cause regret, to rue"
],
"links": [
[
"regret",
"regret"
],
[
"rue",
"rue"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxrew.wɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "hrewwaną"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hrewwaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.