"hleutaną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See hleutaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈxleu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: The pre-Germanic root form *klewd- seems unattested outside Germanic, but it is likely an extension of the same Proto-Indo-European root *klewH- (“lot, fate”) as seen in Lithuanian kliū́ti (“to stick, hang on”) and Latvian kļũt (“to become, succeed”), especially in view of Latvian kļũtas (“fate”). Less likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)klēh₂w- (“to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in”). Etymology templates: {{pre-Germanic}} pre-Germanic, {{unk|gem-pro|unattested outside Germanic}} unattested outside Germanic, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|-}} Proto-Indo-European, {{cog|lt|kliū́ti||to stick, hang on}} Lithuanian kliū́ti (“to stick, hang on”), {{cog|lv|kļũt||to become, succeed}} Latvian kļũt (“to become, succeed”), {{m+|lv|kļũtas||fate}} Latvian kļũtas (“fate”), {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*(s)kleh₂w-|*(s)klēh₂w-|to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)klēh₂w- (“to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-st|hleut|hlaut|hlut|hlut|class=2}} Forms: strong [table-tags], hleutō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], hleutaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], hleutai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], hliutizi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], hleutaiz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], hleut [active, imperative, second-person, singular], hleutazai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], hleutaizau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], hliutidi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], hleutai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], hleutadau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], hleutadai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], hleutaidau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], hleutōz [active, dual, first-person, indicative], hleutaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], hleutadiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], hleutaidiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], hleutadiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], hleutamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], hleutaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], hleutandai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], hleutaindau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], hliutid [active, indicative, plural, second-person], hleutaid [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], hliutid [active, imperative, plural, second-person], hleutandai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], hleutaindau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], hleutandi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], hleutain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], hleutandau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], hleutandai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], hleutaindau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], hlaut [active, first-person, indicative, singular], hlutį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], hlaust [active, indicative, second-person, singular], hlutīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], hlaut [active, indicative, singular, third-person], hlutī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], hlutū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], hlutīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], hlutudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], hlutīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], hlutum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], hlutīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], hlutud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], hlutīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], hlutun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], hlutīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], hleutandz [active, participle, present], hlutanaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to cast lots Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-hleutaną-gem-pro-verb-ySma1v5- Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 37 28 35 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 38 34 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 34 34 32
  2. to be alotted Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-hleutaną-gem-pro-verb-68m1ee4C Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 37 28 35 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 38 34 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 34 34 32
  3. to obtain by lot, to beget, to acquire Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-hleutaną-gem-pro-verb-PzJiVDfd Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 37 28 35 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 38 34 28 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 34 34 32
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: hlutōną Derived forms: hlutjô Related terms: hlautaz, hlutą 
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hlutjô"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hleutan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hleutan\nOld English: hlēotan\nOld Saxon: hliotan\nOld High German: hliozan, liozan\nMiddle High German: liezen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hleutan\nOld English: hlēotan\nOld Saxon: hliotan\nOld High German: hliozan, liozan\nMiddle High German: liezen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "hljóta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: hljóta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: hljóta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "hljóta"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: hljóta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: hljóta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "ljóta"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: ljóta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: ljóta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "liuta",
            "alt": "liūta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: liūta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: liūta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "ljuta"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: ljuta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: ljuta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*leütädäk",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *leütädäk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *leütädäk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pre-Germanic",
      "name": "pre-Germanic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "unattested outside Germanic"
      },
      "expansion": "unattested outside Germanic",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kliū́ti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to stick, hang on"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kliū́ti (“to stick, hang on”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kļũt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to become, succeed"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kļũt (“to become, succeed”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kļũtas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fate"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kļũtas (“fate”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-",
        "4": "*(s)klēh₂w-",
        "5": "to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)klēh₂w- (“to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The pre-Germanic root form *klewd- seems unattested outside Germanic, but it is likely an extension of the same Proto-Indo-European root *klewH- (“lot, fate”) as seen in Lithuanian kliū́ti (“to stick, hang on”) and Latvian kļũt (“to become, succeed”), especially in view of Latvian kļũtas (“fate”).\nLess likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)klēh₂w- (“to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hliutizi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutazai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaizau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hliutidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutadau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutadai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaidau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaidiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hliutid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hliutid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlaut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlaust",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlaut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hleut",
        "2": "hlaut",
        "3": "hlut",
        "4": "hlut",
        "class": "2"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hleutaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hlautaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hlutą"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 28 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 34 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 34 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cast lots"
      ],
      "id": "en-hleutaną-gem-pro-verb-ySma1v5-",
      "links": [
        [
          "cast",
          "cast"
        ],
        [
          "lots",
          "lots"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 28 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 34 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 34 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be alotted"
      ],
      "id": "en-hleutaną-gem-pro-verb-68m1ee4C",
      "links": [
        [
          "alotted",
          "alot"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "37 28 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 34 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 34 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to obtain by lot, to beget, to acquire"
      ],
      "id": "en-hleutaną-gem-pro-verb-PzJiVDfd",
      "links": [
        [
          "obtain",
          "obtain"
        ],
        [
          "beget",
          "beget"
        ],
        [
          "acquire",
          "acquire"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxleu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hlutōną"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers",
    "Germanic parent language"
  ],
  "word": "hleutaną"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 2 strong verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "hlutjô"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hleutan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hleutan\nOld English: hlēotan\nOld Saxon: hliotan\nOld High German: hliozan, liozan\nMiddle High German: liezen",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hleutan\nOld English: hlēotan\nOld Saxon: hliotan\nOld High German: hliozan, liozan\nMiddle High German: liezen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "hljóta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: hljóta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: hljóta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "hljóta"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: hljóta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: hljóta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "ljóta"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: ljóta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: ljóta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "liuta",
            "alt": "liūta"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: liūta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: liūta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "ljuta"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: ljuta",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: ljuta"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "urj-fin-pro",
            "2": "*leütädäk",
            "bor": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *leütädäk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *leütädäk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pre-Germanic",
      "name": "pre-Germanic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "unattested outside Germanic"
      },
      "expansion": "unattested outside Germanic",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "kliū́ti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to stick, hang on"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian kliū́ti (“to stick, hang on”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kļũt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to become, succeed"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kļũt (“to become, succeed”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kļũtas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fate"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kļũtas (“fate”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kleh₂w-",
        "4": "*(s)klēh₂w-",
        "5": "to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)klēh₂w- (“to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The pre-Germanic root form *klewd- seems unattested outside Germanic, but it is likely an extension of the same Proto-Indo-European root *klewH- (“lot, fate”) as seen in Lithuanian kliū́ti (“to stick, hang on”) and Latvian kļũt (“to become, succeed”), especially in view of Latvian kļũtas (“fate”).\nLess likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)klēh₂w- (“to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hliutizi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutazai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaizau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hliutidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutadau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutadai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaidau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaidiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutadiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hliutid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hliutid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutaindau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlaut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlaust",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlaut",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hleutandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlutanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hleut",
        "2": "hlaut",
        "3": "hlut",
        "4": "hlut",
        "class": "2"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hleutaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "hlautaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "hlutą"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to cast lots"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cast",
          "cast"
        ],
        [
          "lots",
          "lots"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be alotted"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "alotted",
          "alot"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to obtain by lot, to beget, to acquire"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "obtain",
          "obtain"
        ],
        [
          "beget",
          "beget"
        ],
        [
          "acquire",
          "acquire"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxleu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hlutōną"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers",
    "Germanic parent language"
  ],
  "word": "hleutaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hleutaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.1kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.