"hlahjaną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See hlahjaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈxlɑx.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *klek- (“to laugh, cackle”), a seemingly-onomatopoeic root attested in Germanic and Slavic languages. Cognate with Russian клекота́ть (klekotátʹ, “to scream (of birds of prey)”). Possibly related to Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”). Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*klek-||to laugh, cackle}} Proto-Indo-European *klek- (“to laugh, cackle”), {{cog|ru|клекота́ть||to scream (of birds of prey)}} Russian клекота́ть (klekotátʹ, “to scream (of birds of prey)”), {{cog|cel-pro|*klokkos||bell}} Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-st-j|hlah|hlōh|hlōg|hlag|class=6|j=j|nopass=1}} Forms: strong [table-tags], hlahjō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], hlahjaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], hlahjai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], hlahisi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], hlahjais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], hlahi [active, imperative, second-person, singular], hlahjasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], hlahjaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], hlahiþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], hlahjai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], hlahjaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], hlahjaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], hlahjaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], hlahjōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], hlahjaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], hlahjaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], hlahjaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], hlahjaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], hlahjamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], hlahjaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], hlahjanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], hlahjainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], hlahiþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], hlahjaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], hlahiþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], hlahjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], hlahjainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], hlahjanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], hlahjain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], hlahjanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], hlahjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], hlahjainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], hlōh [active, first-person, indicative, singular], hlōgį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], hlōht [active, indicative, second-person, singular], hlōgīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], hlōh [active, indicative, singular, third-person], hlōgī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], hlōgū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], hlōgīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], hlōgudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], hlōgīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], hlōgum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], hlōgīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], hlōgud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], hlōgīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], hlōgun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], hlōgīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], hlahjandz [active, participle, present], hlaganaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to laugh (+ genitive of thing laughed at) Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: hlōgijaną, hlōgiz Related terms: hlahtraz, hlakkōną
    Sense id: en-hlahjaną-gem-pro-verb-N6zX~0Mx Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hlahhjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hlahhjan\nOld English: hliehhan, hlihhan, hlehhan, hlæhan, hlihan, hlichan, hlihgan, hlyhhan\nMiddle English: laughen\nEnglish: laugh\nScots: lauch\nYola: leeigh, leigh\nOld Saxon: hlahhian, hlahan\nMiddle Low German: lachen\nLow German: lachen\nPlautdietsch: lachen\nOld Dutch: *lahhen, *lahhan\nMiddle Dutch: lachen\nDutch: lachen\nAfrikaans: lag\nBerbice Creole Dutch: laki\nJavindo: lach, lag, lah\nNegerhollands: lach, lak\nPetjo: lahen\nLimburgish: lache\nOld High German: hlahhan, hlahhēn\nMiddle High German: lachen\nAlemannic German: lache\nCimbrian: lachan\nGerman: lachen\nLuxembourgish: laachen\nYiddish: לאַכן (lakhn)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hlahhjan\nOld English: hliehhan, hlihhan, hlehhan, hlæhan, hlihan, hlichan, hlihgan, hlyhhan\nMiddle English: laughen\nEnglish: laugh\nScots: lauch\nYola: leeigh, leigh\nOld Saxon: hlahhian, hlahan\nMiddle Low German: lachen\nLow German: lachen\nPlautdietsch: lachen\nOld Dutch: *lahhen, *lahhan\nMiddle Dutch: lachen\nDutch: lachen\nAfrikaans: lag\nBerbice Creole Dutch: laki\nJavindo: lach, lag, lah\nNegerhollands: lach, lak\nPetjo: lahen\nLimburgish: lache\nOld High German: hlahhan, hlahhēn\nMiddle High German: lachen\nAlemannic German: lache\nCimbrian: lachan\nGerman: lachen\nLuxembourgish: laachen\nYiddish: לאַכן (lakhn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "hlæja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: hlæja\nIcelandic: hlæja\nFaroese: læa\nNorwegian Nynorsk: læja, læ, le\nElfdalian: läa\nOld Swedish: lēia, lea, lēa\nSwedish: le\nOld Danish: lē\nDanish: le\nNorwegian Bokmål: le",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: hlæja\nIcelandic: hlæja\nFaroese: læa\nNorwegian Nynorsk: læja, læ, le\nElfdalian: läa\nOld Swedish: lēia, lea, lēa\nSwedish: le\nOld Danish: lē\nDanish: le\nNorwegian Bokmål: le"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Germanic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hlahjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hlahjan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gme-cgo",
            "2": "lachen"
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Gothic: lachen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Gothic: lachen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*klek-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to laugh, cackle"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *klek- (“to laugh, cackle”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "клекота́ть",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to scream (of birds of prey)"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian клекота́ть (klekotátʹ, “to scream (of birds of prey)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*klokkos",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *klek- (“to laugh, cackle”), a seemingly-onomatopoeic root attested in Germanic and Slavic languages. Cognate with Russian клекота́ть (klekotátʹ, “to scream (of birds of prey)”). Possibly related to Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōht",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlaganaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hlah",
        "2": "hlōh",
        "3": "hlōg",
        "4": "hlag",
        "class": "6",
        "j": "j",
        "nopass": "1"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlahjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "hlōgijaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "hlōgiz"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to laugh (+ genitive of thing laughed at)"
      ],
      "id": "en-hlahjaną-gem-pro-verb-N6zX~0Mx",
      "links": [
        [
          "laugh",
          "laugh"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "hlahtraz"
        },
        {
          "word": "hlakkōną"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxlɑx.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hlahjaną"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "hlōgijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "hlōgiz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hlahhjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hlahhjan\nOld English: hliehhan, hlihhan, hlehhan, hlæhan, hlihan, hlichan, hlihgan, hlyhhan\nMiddle English: laughen\nEnglish: laugh\nScots: lauch\nYola: leeigh, leigh\nOld Saxon: hlahhian, hlahan\nMiddle Low German: lachen\nLow German: lachen\nPlautdietsch: lachen\nOld Dutch: *lahhen, *lahhan\nMiddle Dutch: lachen\nDutch: lachen\nAfrikaans: lag\nBerbice Creole Dutch: laki\nJavindo: lach, lag, lah\nNegerhollands: lach, lak\nPetjo: lahen\nLimburgish: lache\nOld High German: hlahhan, hlahhēn\nMiddle High German: lachen\nAlemannic German: lache\nCimbrian: lachan\nGerman: lachen\nLuxembourgish: laachen\nYiddish: לאַכן (lakhn)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hlahhjan\nOld English: hliehhan, hlihhan, hlehhan, hlæhan, hlihan, hlichan, hlihgan, hlyhhan\nMiddle English: laughen\nEnglish: laugh\nScots: lauch\nYola: leeigh, leigh\nOld Saxon: hlahhian, hlahan\nMiddle Low German: lachen\nLow German: lachen\nPlautdietsch: lachen\nOld Dutch: *lahhen, *lahhan\nMiddle Dutch: lachen\nDutch: lachen\nAfrikaans: lag\nBerbice Creole Dutch: laki\nJavindo: lach, lag, lah\nNegerhollands: lach, lak\nPetjo: lahen\nLimburgish: lache\nOld High German: hlahhan, hlahhēn\nMiddle High German: lachen\nAlemannic German: lache\nCimbrian: lachan\nGerman: lachen\nLuxembourgish: laachen\nYiddish: לאַכן (lakhn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "hlæja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: hlæja\nIcelandic: hlæja\nFaroese: læa\nNorwegian Nynorsk: læja, læ, le\nElfdalian: läa\nOld Swedish: lēia, lea, lēa\nSwedish: le\nOld Danish: lē\nDanish: le\nNorwegian Bokmål: le",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: hlæja\nIcelandic: hlæja\nFaroese: læa\nNorwegian Nynorsk: læja, læ, le\nElfdalian: läa\nOld Swedish: lēia, lea, lēa\nSwedish: le\nOld Danish: lē\nDanish: le\nNorwegian Bokmål: le"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Germanic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hlahjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hlahjan)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gme-cgo",
            "2": "lachen"
          },
          "expansion": "Crimean Gothic: lachen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Crimean Gothic: lachen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*klek-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to laugh, cackle"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *klek- (“to laugh, cackle”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "клекота́ть",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to scream (of birds of prey)"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian клекота́ть (klekotátʹ, “to scream (of birds of prey)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*klokkos",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bell"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *klek- (“to laugh, cackle”), a seemingly-onomatopoeic root attested in Germanic and Slavic languages. Cognate with Russian клекота́ть (klekotátʹ, “to scream (of birds of prey)”). Possibly related to Proto-Celtic *klokkos (“bell”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōht",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōh",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlōgīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlahjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hlaganaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hlah",
        "2": "hlōh",
        "3": "hlōg",
        "4": "hlag",
        "class": "6",
        "j": "j",
        "nopass": "1"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlahjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "hlahtraz"
    },
    {
      "word": "hlakkōną"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic class 6 strong j-present verbs",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic verbs",
        "gem-pro:Emotions",
        "gem-pro:Talking"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to laugh (+ genitive of thing laughed at)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "laugh",
          "laugh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxlɑx.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hlahjaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hlahjaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.