"harskaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See harskaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: Dissimilated from earlier *hardskaz, from *harduz (“hard”) + *-skaz. Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*kret-|id=strong}}, {{af|gem-pro|*harduz|*-skaz|t1=hard}} *harduz (“hard”) + *-skaz Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|harsk}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*harskaz|*harskanǭ|*harskas, -is|*harskammai|*harskanō|*harskai|*harskanz|*harskaizǫ̂|*harskaimaz|*harskaimiz|*harskō|*harskǭ|*harskaizōz|*harskaizōi|*harskaizō|*harskôz|*harskōz|*harskaizǫ̂|*harskaimaz|*harskaimiz|*harską, -atō|*harską, -atō|*harskas, -is|*harskammai|*harskanō|*harskō|*harskō|*harskaizǫ̂|*harskaimaz|*harskaimiz|*harskô|*harskanų|*harskiniz|*harskini|*harskinē|*harskaniz|*harskanunz|*harskanǫ̂|*harskammaz|*harskammiz|*harskǭ|*harskōnų|*harskōniz|*harskōni|*harskōnē|*harskōniz|*harskōnunz|*harskōnǫ̂|*harskōmaz|*harskōmiz|*harskô|*harskô|*harskiniz|*harskini|*harskinē|*harskōnō|*harskōnō|*harskanǫ̂|*harskammaz|*harskammiz|title=*harskaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], harskaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], harskai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], harskō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], harskôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], harską [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], harskō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], harskanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], harskanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], harskǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], harskōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], harską [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], harskō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], harskas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], harskaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], harskaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], harskaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], harskas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], harskaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], harskammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], harskaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], harskaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], harskaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], harskammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], harskaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], harskanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], harskaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], harskaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], harskaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], harskanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], harskaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], harskô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], harskaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], harskǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], harskōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], harskô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], harskōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], harskanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], harskanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], harskōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], harskōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], harskô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], harskōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], harskiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], harskanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], harskōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], harskōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], harskiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], harskanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], harskini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], harskammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], harskōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], harskōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], harskini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], harskammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], harskinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], harskammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], harskōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], harskōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], harskinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], harskammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. rough-textured, coarse Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-harskaz-gem-pro-adj-crFa5c-~
  2. harsh-tasting, sour, astringent Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-harskaz-gem-pro-adj-w6o0fGoh Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-skaz Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 44 56 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 29 71 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 40 60 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-skaz: 20 80
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*harsk"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *harsk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *harsk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "harsch"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: harsch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: harsch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "harsch",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: harsch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: harsch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "harskr",
            "t": "rancid"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: harskr (“rancid”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: harskr (“rancid”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "hersk",
            "qq": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: hersk (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: hersk (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "härsk"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: härsk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: härsk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "harsk"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: harsk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: harsk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "harsk",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: harsk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: harsk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "harsh"
          },
          "expansion": "English: harsh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: harsh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kret-",
        "id": "strong"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*harduz",
        "3": "*-skaz",
        "t1": "hard"
      },
      "expansion": "*harduz (“hard”) + *-skaz",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Dissimilated from earlier *hardskaz, from *harduz (“hard”) + *-skaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harską",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harską",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "harsk"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*harskaz",
        "10": "*harskaimiz",
        "11": "*harskō",
        "12": "*harskǭ",
        "13": "*harskaizōz",
        "14": "*harskaizōi",
        "15": "*harskaizō",
        "16": "*harskôz",
        "17": "*harskōz",
        "18": "*harskaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*harskaimaz",
        "2": "*harskanǭ",
        "20": "*harskaimiz",
        "21": "*harską, -atō",
        "22": "*harską, -atō",
        "23": "*harskas, -is",
        "24": "*harskammai",
        "25": "*harskanō",
        "26": "*harskō",
        "27": "*harskō",
        "28": "*harskaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*harskaimaz",
        "3": "*harskas, -is",
        "30": "*harskaimiz",
        "31": "*harskô",
        "32": "*harskanų",
        "33": "*harskiniz",
        "34": "*harskini",
        "35": "*harskinē",
        "36": "*harskaniz",
        "37": "*harskanunz",
        "38": "*harskanǫ̂",
        "39": "*harskammaz",
        "4": "*harskammai",
        "40": "*harskammiz",
        "41": "*harskǭ",
        "42": "*harskōnų",
        "43": "*harskōniz",
        "44": "*harskōni",
        "45": "*harskōnē",
        "46": "*harskōniz",
        "47": "*harskōnunz",
        "48": "*harskōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*harskōmaz",
        "5": "*harskanō",
        "50": "*harskōmiz",
        "51": "*harskô",
        "52": "*harskô",
        "53": "*harskiniz",
        "54": "*harskini",
        "55": "*harskinē",
        "56": "*harskōnō",
        "57": "*harskōnō",
        "58": "*harskanǫ̂",
        "59": "*harskammaz",
        "6": "*harskai",
        "60": "*harskammiz",
        "7": "*harskanz",
        "8": "*harskaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*harskaimaz",
        "title": "*harskaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harskaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rough-textured, coarse"
      ],
      "id": "en-harskaz-gem-pro-adj-crFa5c-~",
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "texture",
          "texture"
        ],
        [
          "coarse",
          "coarse"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-skaz",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh-tasting, sour, astringent"
      ],
      "id": "en-harskaz-gem-pro-adj-w6o0fGoh",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "tasting",
          "tasting"
        ],
        [
          "sour",
          "sour"
        ],
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "harskaz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kret- (strong)",
    "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-skaz"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*harsk"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *harsk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *harsk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "harsch"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: harsch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: harsch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "harsch",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: harsch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: harsch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "harskr",
            "t": "rancid"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: harskr (“rancid”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: harskr (“rancid”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "no",
            "2": "hersk",
            "qq": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian: hersk (dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian: hersk (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "härsk"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: härsk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: härsk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "harsk"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: harsk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: harsk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "harsk",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: harsk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: harsk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "harsh"
          },
          "expansion": "English: harsh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: harsh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kret-",
        "id": "strong"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*harduz",
        "3": "*-skaz",
        "t1": "hard"
      },
      "expansion": "*harduz (“hard”) + *-skaz",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Dissimilated from earlier *hardskaz, from *harduz (“hard”) + *-skaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harską",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harską",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harskammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "harsk"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*harskaz",
        "10": "*harskaimiz",
        "11": "*harskō",
        "12": "*harskǭ",
        "13": "*harskaizōz",
        "14": "*harskaizōi",
        "15": "*harskaizō",
        "16": "*harskôz",
        "17": "*harskōz",
        "18": "*harskaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*harskaimaz",
        "2": "*harskanǭ",
        "20": "*harskaimiz",
        "21": "*harską, -atō",
        "22": "*harską, -atō",
        "23": "*harskas, -is",
        "24": "*harskammai",
        "25": "*harskanō",
        "26": "*harskō",
        "27": "*harskō",
        "28": "*harskaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*harskaimaz",
        "3": "*harskas, -is",
        "30": "*harskaimiz",
        "31": "*harskô",
        "32": "*harskanų",
        "33": "*harskiniz",
        "34": "*harskini",
        "35": "*harskinē",
        "36": "*harskaniz",
        "37": "*harskanunz",
        "38": "*harskanǫ̂",
        "39": "*harskammaz",
        "4": "*harskammai",
        "40": "*harskammiz",
        "41": "*harskǭ",
        "42": "*harskōnų",
        "43": "*harskōniz",
        "44": "*harskōni",
        "45": "*harskōnē",
        "46": "*harskōniz",
        "47": "*harskōnunz",
        "48": "*harskōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*harskōmaz",
        "5": "*harskanō",
        "50": "*harskōmiz",
        "51": "*harskô",
        "52": "*harskô",
        "53": "*harskiniz",
        "54": "*harskini",
        "55": "*harskinē",
        "56": "*harskōnō",
        "57": "*harskōnō",
        "58": "*harskanǫ̂",
        "59": "*harskammaz",
        "6": "*harskai",
        "60": "*harskammiz",
        "7": "*harskanz",
        "8": "*harskaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*harskaimaz",
        "title": "*harskaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harskaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rough-textured, coarse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "texture",
          "texture"
        ],
        [
          "coarse",
          "coarse"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh-tasting, sour, astringent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "tasting",
          "tasting"
        ],
        [
          "sour",
          "sour"
        ],
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "harskaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for harskaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.