"grubilōną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See grubilōną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈɣru.βi.lɔː.nɑ̃/
Etymology: Uncertain. Possibly a derivative of *grubilaz (“lying face down", or "a digging instrument”) + *-ōną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scrape, scratch”). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*gʰrebʰ-}}, {{unc|gem-pro}} Uncertain, {{suf|gem-pro|*grubilaz|*-ōną|t1=lying face down", or "a digging instrument}} *grubilaz (“lying face down", or "a digging instrument”) + *-ōną, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*gʰrebʰ-|t=to dig, scrape, scratch}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scrape, scratch”) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk2|grubil}} Forms: weak [table-tags], grubilō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], grubilǭ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], grubilōi [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], grubilōsi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], grubilōs [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], grubilō [active, imperative, second-person, singular], grubilōsai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], grubilōsau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], grubilōþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], grubilō [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], grubilōþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], grubilōþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], grubilōþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], grubilōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], grubilōw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], grubilōþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], grubilōþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], grubilōþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], grubilōmaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], grubilōm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], grubilōnþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], grubilōnþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], grubilōþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], grubilōþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], grubilōþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], grubilōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], grubilōnþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], grubilōnþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], grubilōn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], grubilōnþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], grubilōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], grubilōnþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], grubilōdǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], grubilōdēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], grubilōdēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], grubilōdēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], grubilōdē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], grubilōdēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], grubilōdēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], grubilōdēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], grubilōdēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], grubilōdēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], grubilōdēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], grubilōdēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], grubilōdēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], grubilōdēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], grubilōdēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], grubilōdēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], grubilōndz [active, participle, present], grubilōdaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to lie face down, lie prostrate Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-grubilōną-gem-pro-verb-HxFQbAaE Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 47 53 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 49 51
  2. to grub, scramble, scrape, scratch Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-grubilōną-gem-pro-verb-BHZvZAMc Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōną Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 47 53 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 49 51 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 41 59 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōną: 39 61
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: grabaną, grubb-
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*grubilōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *grubilōn\nOld Saxon: *gruvilōn\nMiddle Low German: *gruvelen, *grüvelen\nGerman Low German: gruveln (also possibly borrowed from Middle High/Modern German)\nOld High German: grubilōn\nMiddle High German: grübelen\nGerman: grübeln",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *grubilōn\nOld Saxon: *gruvilōn\nMiddle Low German: *gruvelen, *grüvelen\nGerman Low German: gruveln (also possibly borrowed from Middle High/Modern German)\nOld High German: grubilōn\nMiddle High German: grübelen\nGerman: grübeln"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "grœfla",
            "3": "grufla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: grœfla, grufla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: grœfla, grufla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "grufla"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: grufla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: grufla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "gruvla"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: gruvla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: gruvla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "gruvla"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: gruvla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: gruvla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "*grovelen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: *grovelen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: *grovelen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "grovel"
          },
          "expansion": "English: grovel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: grovel"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-msc",
            "2": "grovill"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Scots: grovill",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Scots: grovill"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "grovel",
            "3": "grovle",
            "4": "gruvil"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: grovel, grovle, gruvil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: grovel, grovle, gruvil"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰrebʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*grubilaz",
        "3": "*-ōną",
        "t1": "lying face down\", or \"a digging instrument"
      },
      "expansion": "*grubilaz (“lying face down\", or \"a digging instrument”) + *-ōną",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰrebʰ-",
        "t": "to dig, scrape, scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scrape, scratch”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Possibly a derivative of *grubilaz (“lying face down\", or \"a digging instrument”) + *-ōną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scrape, scratch”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grubil"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grubilōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "grabaną"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "grubb-"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to lie face down, lie prostrate"
      ],
      "id": "en-grubilōną-gem-pro-verb-HxFQbAaE",
      "links": [
        [
          "lie",
          "lie"
        ],
        [
          "prostrate",
          "prostrate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōną",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grub, scramble, scrape, scratch"
      ],
      "id": "en-grubilōną-gem-pro-verb-BHZvZAMc",
      "links": [
        [
          "grub",
          "grub"
        ],
        [
          "scramble",
          "scramble"
        ],
        [
          "scrape",
          "scrape"
        ],
        [
          "scratch",
          "scratch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣru.βi.lɔː.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grubilōną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰrebʰ-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōną",
    "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*grubilōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *grubilōn\nOld Saxon: *gruvilōn\nMiddle Low German: *gruvelen, *grüvelen\nGerman Low German: gruveln (also possibly borrowed from Middle High/Modern German)\nOld High German: grubilōn\nMiddle High German: grübelen\nGerman: grübeln",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *grubilōn\nOld Saxon: *gruvilōn\nMiddle Low German: *gruvelen, *grüvelen\nGerman Low German: gruveln (also possibly borrowed from Middle High/Modern German)\nOld High German: grubilōn\nMiddle High German: grübelen\nGerman: grübeln"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "grœfla",
            "3": "grufla"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: grœfla, grufla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: grœfla, grufla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "grufla"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: grufla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: grufla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "gruvla"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: gruvla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: gruvla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "gruvla"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: gruvla",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: gruvla"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "*grovelen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: *grovelen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: *grovelen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "grovel"
          },
          "expansion": "English: grovel",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: grovel"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-msc",
            "2": "grovill"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Scots: grovill",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Scots: grovill"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "grovel",
            "3": "grovle",
            "4": "gruvil"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: grovel, grovle, gruvil",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: grovel, grovle, gruvil"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰrebʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*grubilaz",
        "3": "*-ōną",
        "t1": "lying face down\", or \"a digging instrument"
      },
      "expansion": "*grubilaz (“lying face down\", or \"a digging instrument”) + *-ōną",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰrebʰ-",
        "t": "to dig, scrape, scratch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scrape, scratch”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Possibly a derivative of *grubilaz (“lying face down\", or \"a digging instrument”) + *-ōną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scrape, scratch”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grubilōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grubil"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grubilōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "grabaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "grubb-"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to lie face down, lie prostrate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lie",
          "lie"
        ],
        [
          "prostrate",
          "prostrate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to grub, scramble, scrape, scratch"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grub",
          "grub"
        ],
        [
          "scramble",
          "scramble"
        ],
        [
          "scrape",
          "scrape"
        ],
        [
          "scratch",
          "scratch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣru.βi.lɔː.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grubilōną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for grubilōną meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.