"gawissaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See gawissaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ɣɑ.ˈwis.sɑz/
Etymology: From *ga- + *wissaz (past participle of *witaną). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*weyd-}}, {{prefix|gem-pro|*ga|*wissaz}} *ga- + *wissaz Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|gawiss}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*gawissaz|*gawissanǭ|*gawissas, -is|*gawissammai|*gawissanō|*gawissai|*gawissanz|*gawissaizǫ̂|*gawissaimaz|*gawissaimiz|*gawissō|*gawissǭ|*gawissaizōz|*gawissaizōi|*gawissaizō|*gawissôz|*gawissōz|*gawissaizǫ̂|*gawissaimaz|*gawissaimiz|*gawissą, -atō|*gawissą, -atō|*gawissas, -is|*gawissammai|*gawissanō|*gawissō|*gawissō|*gawissaizǫ̂|*gawissaimaz|*gawissaimiz|*gawissô|*gawissanų|*gawissiniz|*gawissini|*gawissinē|*gawissaniz|*gawissanunz|*gawissanǫ̂|*gawissammaz|*gawissammiz|*gawissǭ|*gawissōnų|*gawissōniz|*gawissōni|*gawissōnē|*gawissōniz|*gawissōnunz|*gawissōnǫ̂|*gawissōmaz|*gawissōmiz|*gawissô|*gawissô|*gawissiniz|*gawissini|*gawissinē|*gawissōnō|*gawissōnō|*gawissanǫ̂|*gawissammaz|*gawissammiz|title=*gawissaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], gawissaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], gawissai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], gawissō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], gawissôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], gawissą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], gawissō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], gawissanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], gawissanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], gawissǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], gawissōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], gawissą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], gawissō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], gawissas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], gawissaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], gawissaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], gawissaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], gawissas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], gawissaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], gawissammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], gawissaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], gawissaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], gawissaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], gawissammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], gawissaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], gawissanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], gawissaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], gawissaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], gawissaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], gawissanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], gawissaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], gawissô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], gawissaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], gawissǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], gawissōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], gawissô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], gawissōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], gawissanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], gawissanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], gawissōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], gawissōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], gawissô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], gawissōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], gawissiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], gawissanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], gawissōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], gawissōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], gawissiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], gawissanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], gawissini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], gawissammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], gawissōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], gawissōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], gawissini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], gawissammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], gawissinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], gawissammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], gawissōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], gawissōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], gawissinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], gawissammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. certain, sure Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-gawissaz-gem-pro-adj-j-YDEUcB
  2. known Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-gawissaz-gem-pro-adj-cRf~8tD9 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *ga- Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 20 80 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 83 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 41 59 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *ga-: 12 88
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*gawiss"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *gawiss\nOld English: ġewiss, ġewis\nMiddle English: ywis, iwis, wis, wiss\nEnglish: iwis, wis\nScots: iwis\nOld Saxon: giwis, giwiss\nMiddle Low German: gewis\nGerman Low German: gewiss\n→ Kashubian: gwës\n⇒ Kashubian: gwësny\n→ Polish: gweśny (or from German)\nOld Dutch: *giwiss\nMiddle Dutch: gewis, gewes\nDutch: gewis\n⇒ Old Dutch: giwis wêsen\nOld High German: giwis\nMiddle High German: gewis; wis\nGerman: gewiss\n→ Saterland Frisian: gewis\nYiddish: געוויס (gevis)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *gawiss\nOld English: ġewiss, ġewis\nMiddle English: ywis, iwis, wis, wiss\nEnglish: iwis, wis\nScots: iwis\nOld Saxon: giwis, giwiss\nMiddle Low German: gewis\nGerman Low German: gewiss\n→ Kashubian: gwës\n⇒ Kashubian: gwësny\n→ Polish: gweśny (or from German)\nOld Dutch: *giwiss\nMiddle Dutch: gewis, gewes\nDutch: gewis\n⇒ Old Dutch: giwis wêsen\nOld High German: giwis\nMiddle High German: gewis; wis\nGerman: gewiss\n→ Saterland Frisian: gewis\nYiddish: געוויס (gevis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "giwis"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: giwis\nMiddle High German: gewis; wis\nGerman: gewiss\n→ Saterland Frisian: gewis\nYiddish: געוויס (gevis)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: giwis\nMiddle High German: gewis; wis\nGerman: gewiss\n→ Saterland Frisian: gewis\nYiddish: געוויס (gevis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "viss"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: viss",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: viss"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "viss"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: viss",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: viss"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "vissur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: vissur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: vissur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "viss",
            "3": "vis"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: viss, vis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: viss, vis"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "viss"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: viss",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: viss"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "vis"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: vis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: vis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weyd-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*ga",
        "3": "*wissaz"
      },
      "expansion": "*ga- + *wissaz",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *ga- + *wissaz (past participle of *witaną).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gawiss"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*gawissaz",
        "10": "*gawissaimiz",
        "11": "*gawissō",
        "12": "*gawissǭ",
        "13": "*gawissaizōz",
        "14": "*gawissaizōi",
        "15": "*gawissaizō",
        "16": "*gawissôz",
        "17": "*gawissōz",
        "18": "*gawissaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*gawissaimaz",
        "2": "*gawissanǭ",
        "20": "*gawissaimiz",
        "21": "*gawissą, -atō",
        "22": "*gawissą, -atō",
        "23": "*gawissas, -is",
        "24": "*gawissammai",
        "25": "*gawissanō",
        "26": "*gawissō",
        "27": "*gawissō",
        "28": "*gawissaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*gawissaimaz",
        "3": "*gawissas, -is",
        "30": "*gawissaimiz",
        "31": "*gawissô",
        "32": "*gawissanų",
        "33": "*gawissiniz",
        "34": "*gawissini",
        "35": "*gawissinē",
        "36": "*gawissaniz",
        "37": "*gawissanunz",
        "38": "*gawissanǫ̂",
        "39": "*gawissammaz",
        "4": "*gawissammai",
        "40": "*gawissammiz",
        "41": "*gawissǭ",
        "42": "*gawissōnų",
        "43": "*gawissōniz",
        "44": "*gawissōni",
        "45": "*gawissōnē",
        "46": "*gawissōniz",
        "47": "*gawissōnunz",
        "48": "*gawissōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*gawissōmaz",
        "5": "*gawissanō",
        "50": "*gawissōmiz",
        "51": "*gawissô",
        "52": "*gawissô",
        "53": "*gawissiniz",
        "54": "*gawissini",
        "55": "*gawissinē",
        "56": "*gawissōnō",
        "57": "*gawissōnō",
        "58": "*gawissanǫ̂",
        "59": "*gawissammaz",
        "6": "*gawissai",
        "60": "*gawissammiz",
        "7": "*gawissanz",
        "8": "*gawissaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*gawissaimaz",
        "title": "*gawissaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gawissaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "certain, sure"
      ],
      "id": "en-gawissaz-gem-pro-adj-j-YDEUcB",
      "links": [
        [
          "certain",
          "certain"
        ],
        [
          "sure",
          "sure"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 88",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *ga-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "known"
      ],
      "id": "en-gawissaz-gem-pro-adj-cRf~8tD9",
      "links": [
        [
          "known",
          "known"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣɑ.ˈwis.sɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gawissaz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyd-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *ga-"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*gawiss"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *gawiss\nOld English: ġewiss, ġewis\nMiddle English: ywis, iwis, wis, wiss\nEnglish: iwis, wis\nScots: iwis\nOld Saxon: giwis, giwiss\nMiddle Low German: gewis\nGerman Low German: gewiss\n→ Kashubian: gwës\n⇒ Kashubian: gwësny\n→ Polish: gweśny (or from German)\nOld Dutch: *giwiss\nMiddle Dutch: gewis, gewes\nDutch: gewis\n⇒ Old Dutch: giwis wêsen\nOld High German: giwis\nMiddle High German: gewis; wis\nGerman: gewiss\n→ Saterland Frisian: gewis\nYiddish: געוויס (gevis)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *gawiss\nOld English: ġewiss, ġewis\nMiddle English: ywis, iwis, wis, wiss\nEnglish: iwis, wis\nScots: iwis\nOld Saxon: giwis, giwiss\nMiddle Low German: gewis\nGerman Low German: gewiss\n→ Kashubian: gwës\n⇒ Kashubian: gwësny\n→ Polish: gweśny (or from German)\nOld Dutch: *giwiss\nMiddle Dutch: gewis, gewes\nDutch: gewis\n⇒ Old Dutch: giwis wêsen\nOld High German: giwis\nMiddle High German: gewis; wis\nGerman: gewiss\n→ Saterland Frisian: gewis\nYiddish: געוויס (gevis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "giwis"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: giwis\nMiddle High German: gewis; wis\nGerman: gewiss\n→ Saterland Frisian: gewis\nYiddish: געוויס (gevis)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: giwis\nMiddle High German: gewis; wis\nGerman: gewiss\n→ Saterland Frisian: gewis\nYiddish: געוויס (gevis)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "viss"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: viss",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: viss"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "viss"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: viss",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: viss"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "vissur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: vissur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: vissur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "viss",
            "3": "vis"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: viss, vis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: viss, vis"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "viss"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: viss",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: viss"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "vis"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: vis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: vis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*weyd-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*ga",
        "3": "*wissaz"
      },
      "expansion": "*ga- + *wissaz",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *ga- + *wissaz (past participle of *witaną).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gawissammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gawiss"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*gawissaz",
        "10": "*gawissaimiz",
        "11": "*gawissō",
        "12": "*gawissǭ",
        "13": "*gawissaizōz",
        "14": "*gawissaizōi",
        "15": "*gawissaizō",
        "16": "*gawissôz",
        "17": "*gawissōz",
        "18": "*gawissaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*gawissaimaz",
        "2": "*gawissanǭ",
        "20": "*gawissaimiz",
        "21": "*gawissą, -atō",
        "22": "*gawissą, -atō",
        "23": "*gawissas, -is",
        "24": "*gawissammai",
        "25": "*gawissanō",
        "26": "*gawissō",
        "27": "*gawissō",
        "28": "*gawissaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*gawissaimaz",
        "3": "*gawissas, -is",
        "30": "*gawissaimiz",
        "31": "*gawissô",
        "32": "*gawissanų",
        "33": "*gawissiniz",
        "34": "*gawissini",
        "35": "*gawissinē",
        "36": "*gawissaniz",
        "37": "*gawissanunz",
        "38": "*gawissanǫ̂",
        "39": "*gawissammaz",
        "4": "*gawissammai",
        "40": "*gawissammiz",
        "41": "*gawissǭ",
        "42": "*gawissōnų",
        "43": "*gawissōniz",
        "44": "*gawissōni",
        "45": "*gawissōnē",
        "46": "*gawissōniz",
        "47": "*gawissōnunz",
        "48": "*gawissōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*gawissōmaz",
        "5": "*gawissanō",
        "50": "*gawissōmiz",
        "51": "*gawissô",
        "52": "*gawissô",
        "53": "*gawissiniz",
        "54": "*gawissini",
        "55": "*gawissinē",
        "56": "*gawissōnō",
        "57": "*gawissōnō",
        "58": "*gawissanǫ̂",
        "59": "*gawissammaz",
        "6": "*gawissai",
        "60": "*gawissammiz",
        "7": "*gawissanz",
        "8": "*gawissaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*gawissaimaz",
        "title": "*gawissaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gawissaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "certain, sure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "certain",
          "certain"
        ],
        [
          "sure",
          "sure"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "known"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "known",
          "known"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɣɑ.ˈwis.sɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gawissaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for gawissaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.