"galdijaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See galdijaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”) or *gʰel- (“to shout, sing, charm”) via a sense of "bewitched/cursed (with infertility)". Etymology templates: {{unc|gem-pro}} Uncertain, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*gʰel-|t=to cut}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], galdijaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], galdijai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], galdijō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], galdijôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], galdiją [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -at [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], galdijō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], galdijanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], galdijanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], galdijǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], galdijōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], galdiją [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -at [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], galdijō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], galdijas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], galdīs [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], galdijaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], galdijaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], galdijaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], galdijas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], galdīs [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], galdijaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], galdijammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], galdijaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], galdijaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], galdijaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], galdijammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], galdijaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], galdijanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], galdijaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], galdijaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], galdijaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], galdijanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], galdijaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], galdijô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], galdijaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], galdijǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], galdijōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], galdijô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], galdijōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], galdijanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], galdijanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], galdijōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], galdijōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], galdijô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], galdijōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], galdīniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], galdijanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], galdijōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], galdijōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], galdīniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], galdijanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], galdīni [dative, masculine, singular, weak], galdijammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], galdijōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], galdijōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], galdīni [dative, neuter, singular, weak], galdijammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], galdīnē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], galdijammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], galdijōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], galdijōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], galdīnē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], galdijammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. unfruitful, barren, infertile Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: galdaz Derived forms: galdijaną, galtǭ Related terms: gelþō
    Sense id: en-galdijaz-gem-pro-adj-kWfwW01k Categories (other): Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header

Download JSON data for galdijaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.6kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*galdī"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *galdī",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *galdī"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "ġelde",
            "3": "ġielde"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: ġelde, ġielde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: ġelde, ġielde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "yeld"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: yeld",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: yeld"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*jald",
            "3": "*jelde"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *jald, *jelde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *jald, *jelde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "gjald",
            "3": "gjeld",
            "4": "jolt",
            "5": "geld"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: gjald, gjeld, jolt, geld",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: gjald, gjeld, jolt, geld"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*geldi"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *geldi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *geldi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "gelde",
            "3": "gelt"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: gelde, gelt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: gelde, gelt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "geld",
            "3": "gelt"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: geld, gelt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: geld, gelt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "galt",
            "3": "*geltī"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: galt, *geltī",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: galt, *geltī"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "galt",
            "3": "gelte"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: galt, gelte",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: galt, gelte"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "galt",
            "3": "gelt"
          },
          "expansion": "German: galt, gelt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: galt, gelt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "geldr",
            "3": "*galdr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: geldr, *galdr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: geldr, *galdr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "geldur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: geldur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: geldur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "geldur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: geldur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: geldur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "galder"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: galder",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: galder"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "gall"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: gall",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: gall"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "gold"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: gold",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: gold"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "gold"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: gold",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: gold"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "gold"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: gold",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: gold"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "gelde",
            "3": "gealde",
            "4": "geld",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: gelde, gealde, geld",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: gelde, gealde, geld"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "geld",
            "qq": "now dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "English: geld (now dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: geld (now dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "geld"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: geld",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: geld"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰel-",
        "t": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”) or *gʰel- (“to shout, sing, charm”) via a sense of \"bewitched/cursed (with infertility)\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdiją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdiją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/galdijaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "galdijaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "galtǭ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unfruitful, barren, infertile"
      ],
      "id": "en-galdijaz-gem-pro-adj-kWfwW01k",
      "links": [
        [
          "unfruitful",
          "unfruitful"
        ],
        [
          "barren",
          "barren"
        ],
        [
          "infertile",
          "infertile"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "gelþō"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "galdaz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "galdijaz"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "galdijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "galtǭ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*galdī"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *galdī",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *galdī"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "ġelde",
            "3": "ġielde"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: ġelde, ġielde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: ġelde, ġielde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "yeld"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: yeld",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: yeld"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*jald",
            "3": "*jelde"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *jald, *jelde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *jald, *jelde"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "gjald",
            "3": "gjeld",
            "4": "jolt",
            "5": "geld"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: gjald, gjeld, jolt, geld",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: gjald, gjeld, jolt, geld"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*geldi"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Dutch: *geldi",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Dutch: *geldi"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "gelde",
            "3": "gelt"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: gelde, gelt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: gelde, gelt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "geld",
            "3": "gelt"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: geld, gelt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: geld, gelt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "galt",
            "3": "*geltī"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: galt, *geltī",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: galt, *geltī"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "galt",
            "3": "gelte"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: galt, gelte",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: galt, gelte"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "galt",
            "3": "gelt"
          },
          "expansion": "German: galt, gelt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: galt, gelt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "geldr",
            "3": "*galdr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: geldr, *galdr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: geldr, *galdr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "geldur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: geldur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: geldur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "geldur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: geldur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: geldur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "galder"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: galder",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: galder"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "gall"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: gall",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: gall"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "gold"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: gold",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: gold"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "gold"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: gold",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: gold"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "gold"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: gold",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: gold"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "gelde",
            "3": "gealde",
            "4": "geld",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Middle English: gelde, gealde, geld",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Middle English: gelde, gealde, geld"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "geld",
            "qq": "now dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "English: geld (now dialectal)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: geld (now dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "geld"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: geld",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: geld"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰel-",
        "t": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”) or *gʰel- (“to shout, sing, charm”) via a sense of \"bewitched/cursed (with infertility)\".",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdiją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdiją",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-at",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "galdijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/galdijaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "gelþō"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic ja-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unfruitful, barren, infertile"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unfruitful",
          "unfruitful"
        ],
        [
          "barren",
          "barren"
        ],
        [
          "infertile",
          "infertile"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "galdaz"
    }
  ],
  "word": "galdijaz"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.