See gaisilaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*gēsl(a)"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *gēsl(a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *gēsl(a)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gêsele",
"3": "gêssle"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: gêsele, gêssle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: gêsele, gêssle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gesel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: gesel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: gesel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "geisila",
"t1": "whip, rod"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: geisila (“whip, rod”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: geisila (“whip, rod”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "geisel",
"3": "geisel(e)"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: geisel, geisel(e)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: geisel, geisel(e)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Geißel",
"3": "Geissel",
"t2": "whip, crop, scourge"
},
"expansion": "German: Geißel, Geissel (“whip, crop, scourge”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Geißel, Geissel (“whip, crop, scourge”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geisl",
"t": "ski stick"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: geisl (“ski stick”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: geisl (“ski stick”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geisli",
"t": "stick, beam, ray"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: geisli (“stick, beam, ray”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: geisli (“stick, beam, ray”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "geisli"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: geisli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: geisli"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kaisila",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kaisila",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kaisila (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ilaz",
"t1": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-ilaz (“diminutive suffix”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rod",
"3": "",
"4": "staff (of office), rod of punishment, a substitute such as a cane or withe"
},
"expansion": "English rod (“staff (of office), rod of punishment, a substitute such as a cane or withe”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a formation related to *gaizaz (“spear, tip”) + *-ilaz (“diminutive suffix”). The sense development in the West Germanic branch parallels English rod (“staff (of office), rod of punishment, a substitute such as a cane or withe”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaisilaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ilaz",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stick, beam"
],
"id": "en-gaisilaz-gem-pro-noun-KGU2~XUk",
"links": [
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"beam",
"beam"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ilaz",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ray (of light, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-gaisilaz-gem-pro-noun-Ut7k6~Sh",
"links": [
[
"ray",
"ray"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣɑi̯.si.lɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "gaisilaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ilaz"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*gēsl(a)"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *gēsl(a)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *gēsl(a)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gêsele",
"3": "gêssle"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: gêsele, gêssle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: gêsele, gêssle"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gesel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: gesel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: gesel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "geisila",
"t1": "whip, rod"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: geisila (“whip, rod”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: geisila (“whip, rod”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "geisel",
"3": "geisel(e)"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: geisel, geisel(e)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: geisel, geisel(e)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Geißel",
"3": "Geissel",
"t2": "whip, crop, scourge"
},
"expansion": "German: Geißel, Geissel (“whip, crop, scourge”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Geißel, Geissel (“whip, crop, scourge”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geisl",
"t": "ski stick"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: geisl (“ski stick”)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: geisl (“ski stick”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geisli",
"t": "stick, beam, ray"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: geisli (“stick, beam, ray”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: geisli (“stick, beam, ray”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "geisli"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: geisli",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: geisli"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*kaisila",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kaisila",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *kaisila (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ilaz",
"t1": "diminutive suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-ilaz (“diminutive suffix”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rod",
"3": "",
"4": "staff (of office), rod of punishment, a substitute such as a cane or withe"
},
"expansion": "English rod (“staff (of office), rod of punishment, a substitute such as a cane or withe”)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a formation related to *gaizaz (“spear, tip”) + *-ilaz (“diminutive suffix”). The sense development in the West Germanic branch parallels English rod (“staff (of office), rod of punishment, a substitute such as a cane or withe”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gaisilamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gaisilaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stick, beam"
],
"links": [
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"beam",
"beam"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ray (of light, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"ray",
"ray"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣɑi̯.si.lɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "gaisilaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gaisilaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (89e900c and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.