See fursaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fors",
"3": "foss"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fors, foss, foss\nIcelandic: fors, foss\n→ English: foss\nFaroese: fossur\nNorn: fors\nNorwegian: foss, fors\n→ Danish: fos, >? fors\nNorwegian Bokmål: foss\nOld Swedish: fors\nSwedish: fors\nMiddle Danish: fors\n>? Danish: fors (influenced by Norwegian)\n→ Middle English: fors, force\nEnglish: force (in the sense of a waterfall) (Northern England)\n→ Middle Low German: vorsch",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fors, foss, foss\nIcelandic: fors, foss\n→ English: foss\nFaroese: fossur\nNorn: fors\nNorwegian: foss, fors\n→ Danish: fos, >? fors\nNorwegian Bokmål: foss\nOld Swedish: fors\nSwedish: fors\nMiddle Danish: fors\n>? Danish: fors (influenced by Norwegian)\n→ Middle English: fors, force\nEnglish: force (in the sense of a waterfall) (Northern England)\n→ Middle Low German: vorsch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*purha",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *purha",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *purha (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pers-",
"4": "",
"5": "to spray, splash"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pers- (“to spray, splash”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *pŕ̥sos, from Proto-Indo-European *pers- (“to spray, splash”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "fursaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fursōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fursōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fursōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fursą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fursas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fursai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fursō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fursaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fursōną"
}
],
"glosses": [
"waterfall, torrent"
],
"id": "en-fursaz-gem-pro-noun-msDZDySS",
"links": [
[
"waterfall",
"waterfall"
],
[
"torrent",
"torrent"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸur.sɑz/"
}
],
"word": "fursaz"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "fursōną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fors",
"3": "foss"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fors, foss, foss\nIcelandic: fors, foss\n→ English: foss\nFaroese: fossur\nNorn: fors\nNorwegian: foss, fors\n→ Danish: fos, >? fors\nNorwegian Bokmål: foss\nOld Swedish: fors\nSwedish: fors\nMiddle Danish: fors\n>? Danish: fors (influenced by Norwegian)\n→ Middle English: fors, force\nEnglish: force (in the sense of a waterfall) (Northern England)\n→ Middle Low German: vorsch",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fors, foss, foss\nIcelandic: fors, foss\n→ English: foss\nFaroese: fossur\nNorn: fors\nNorwegian: foss, fors\n→ Danish: fos, >? fors\nNorwegian Bokmål: foss\nOld Swedish: fors\nSwedish: fors\nMiddle Danish: fors\n>? Danish: fors (influenced by Norwegian)\n→ Middle English: fors, force\nEnglish: force (in the sense of a waterfall) (Northern England)\n→ Middle Low German: vorsch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*purha",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Finnic: *purha",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Finnic: *purha (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pers-",
"4": "",
"5": "to spray, splash"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pers- (“to spray, splash”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *pŕ̥sos, from Proto-Indo-European *pers- (“to spray, splash”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "fursaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fursōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "furs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fursōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fursōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fursą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fursas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fursai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fursō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fursamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fursaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"waterfall, torrent"
],
"links": [
[
"waterfall",
"waterfall"
],
[
"torrent",
"torrent"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸur.sɑz/"
}
],
"word": "fursaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fursaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (3.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.