See flauhaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*flauh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *flauh\nOld English: flēah, flēa, flǣh, fleah, flēo\nMiddle English: fle, flee, flei, fleigh, fley\nEnglish: flea (dialectal fleck)\nScots: flech, flaich, fle, flae\nYola: fleen (plural)\nOld Frisian: *flā, *flē\nSaterland Frisian: Flee\nWest Frisian: flie\nOld Saxon: *flōh, *flō\nMiddle Low German: vlô\nLow German: Flo, Flö, Flau, Flua\nOld Dutch: *flō\nMiddle Dutch: vlô\nDutch: vlo\nLimburgish: vlouch\nOld High German: flōh, flō\nMiddle High German: vlōch, vlō\nBavarian: Floach\nCimbrian: vlòach, blòach (Mezzaselva)\nAlemannic German: Flo\nGerman: Floh\nLuxembourgish: Flou\nYiddish: פֿלוי (floy)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *flauh\nOld English: flēah, flēa, flǣh, fleah, flēo\nMiddle English: fle, flee, flei, fleigh, fley\nEnglish: flea (dialectal fleck)\nScots: flech, flaich, fle, flae\nYola: fleen (plural)\nOld Frisian: *flā, *flē\nSaterland Frisian: Flee\nWest Frisian: flie\nOld Saxon: *flōh, *flō\nMiddle Low German: vlô\nLow German: Flo, Flö, Flau, Flua\nOld Dutch: *flō\nMiddle Dutch: vlô\nDutch: vlo\nLimburgish: vlouch\nOld High German: flōh, flō\nMiddle High German: vlōch, vlō\nBavarian: Floach\nCimbrian: vlòach, blòach (Mezzaselva)\nAlemannic German: Flo\nGerman: Floh\nLuxembourgish: Flou\nYiddish: פֿלוי (floy)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fló",
"id": "flea"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fló\nIcelandic: fló\nNorwegian: flo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fló\nIcelandic: fló\nNorwegian: flo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*lāffēs",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *lāffēs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *lāffēs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "láffes"
},
"expansion": "Lule Sami: láffes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lule Sami: láffes"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*lāvkkēs",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *lāvkkēs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *lāvkkēs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "lávkkis"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: lávkkis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: lávkkis"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pūlex",
"3": "",
"4": "flea"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūlex (“flea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "blusa",
"3": "",
"4": "flea"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian blusa (“flea”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. From Pre-Germanic *plówkos or *plówkeh₂, apparently formed from the Proto-Indo-European root *plewk-, but perhaps a folk-etymological or tabooistic replacement for an earlier, extinct reflex of *pusl-, *plúsis (“flea”) (from which e.g. Latin pūlex (“flea”) and Lithuanian blusa (“flea”) derive). The reformation may have developed under the influence of *fleuhaną (“to flee”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flauhaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flea"
],
"id": "en-flauhaz-gem-pro-noun-4bYHLAKf",
"links": [
[
"flea",
"flea"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸlɑu̯.xɑz/"
}
],
"word": "flauhaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*flauh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *flauh\nOld English: flēah, flēa, flǣh, fleah, flēo\nMiddle English: fle, flee, flei, fleigh, fley\nEnglish: flea (dialectal fleck)\nScots: flech, flaich, fle, flae\nYola: fleen (plural)\nOld Frisian: *flā, *flē\nSaterland Frisian: Flee\nWest Frisian: flie\nOld Saxon: *flōh, *flō\nMiddle Low German: vlô\nLow German: Flo, Flö, Flau, Flua\nOld Dutch: *flō\nMiddle Dutch: vlô\nDutch: vlo\nLimburgish: vlouch\nOld High German: flōh, flō\nMiddle High German: vlōch, vlō\nBavarian: Floach\nCimbrian: vlòach, blòach (Mezzaselva)\nAlemannic German: Flo\nGerman: Floh\nLuxembourgish: Flou\nYiddish: פֿלוי (floy)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *flauh\nOld English: flēah, flēa, flǣh, fleah, flēo\nMiddle English: fle, flee, flei, fleigh, fley\nEnglish: flea (dialectal fleck)\nScots: flech, flaich, fle, flae\nYola: fleen (plural)\nOld Frisian: *flā, *flē\nSaterland Frisian: Flee\nWest Frisian: flie\nOld Saxon: *flōh, *flō\nMiddle Low German: vlô\nLow German: Flo, Flö, Flau, Flua\nOld Dutch: *flō\nMiddle Dutch: vlô\nDutch: vlo\nLimburgish: vlouch\nOld High German: flōh, flō\nMiddle High German: vlōch, vlō\nBavarian: Floach\nCimbrian: vlòach, blòach (Mezzaselva)\nAlemannic German: Flo\nGerman: Floh\nLuxembourgish: Flou\nYiddish: פֿלוי (floy)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fló",
"id": "flea"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fló\nIcelandic: fló\nNorwegian: flo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fló\nIcelandic: fló\nNorwegian: flo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*lāffēs",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *lāffēs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *lāffēs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "láffes"
},
"expansion": "Lule Sami: láffes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lule Sami: láffes"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*lāvkkēs",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *lāvkkēs",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *lāvkkēs"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "lávkkis"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: lávkkis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: lávkkis"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "pūlex",
"3": "",
"4": "flea"
},
"expansion": "Latin pūlex (“flea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "blusa",
"3": "",
"4": "flea"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian blusa (“flea”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. From Pre-Germanic *plówkos or *plówkeh₂, apparently formed from the Proto-Indo-European root *plewk-, but perhaps a folk-etymological or tabooistic replacement for an earlier, extinct reflex of *pusl-, *plúsis (“flea”) (from which e.g. Latin pūlex (“flea”) and Lithuanian blusa (“flea”) derive). The reformation may have developed under the influence of *fleuhaną (“to flee”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauh",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flauhamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flauhaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Indo-European links with redundant alt parameters",
"gem-pro:Insects"
],
"glosses": [
"flea"
],
"links": [
[
"flea",
"flea"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸlɑu̯.xɑz/"
}
],
"word": "flauhaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for flauhaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-10-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d387940 and c8c706e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.