See fijandz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fijandz meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fijand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *fijand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *fijand"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fēond"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fēond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fēond"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "feend"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: feend",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: feend"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fient"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fient",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fient"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fiend"
},
"expansion": "English: fiend",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: fiend"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "fīand"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: fīand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: fīand"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Fäind"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Fäind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Fäind"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fijân"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: fijân",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: fijân"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "fīand"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: fīand, fīond, fīoud\nMiddle Low German: vîent, vîant, vîen, vigent, vigen, vînt, vîend, fīent\nGerman Low German: Feend, Fiend\nPlautdietsch: Fient",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: fīand, fīond, fīoud\nMiddle Low German: vîent, vîant, vîen, vigent, vigen, vînt, vîend, fīent\nGerman Low German: Feend, Fiend\nPlautdietsch: Fient"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*fīand"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *fīand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *fīand"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "viant"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: viant\nDutch: vijand\nAfrikaans: vyand\nNegerhollands: vyand, vieand\n→ Sranan Tongo: feyanti\n→ Aukan: feyanti\n→ Saramaccan: feántima\nLimburgish: vieënd, vieëndj",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: viant\nDutch: vijand\nAfrikaans: vyand\nNegerhollands: vyand, vieand\n→ Sranan Tongo: feyanti\n→ Aukan: feyanti\n→ Saramaccan: feántima\nLimburgish: vieënd, vieëndj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fīant",
"3": "fīand"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: fīant, fīand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: fīant, fīand"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vīant",
"3": "vīent",
"4": "vīnt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: vīant, vīent, vīnt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: vīant, vīent, vīnt"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "faint"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: faint",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: faint"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German: Feind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Feind"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "פֿײַנד"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: פֿײַנד (faynd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: פֿײַנד (faynd)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fjándi\nIcelandic: fjandi\nFaroese: fjandi (“devil, fiend”)\nNorn: fjandi (“devil”)\nNorwegian Bokmål: fiende\nNorwegian Nynorsk: fiende\nElfdalian: fiend, fiund\nOld Swedish: fiænde, fiande, fionde\nSwedish: fiende\nDanish: fjende\nGutnish: fiende, feiunde",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fjándi\nIcelandic: fjandi\nFaroese: fjandi (“devil, fiend”)\nNorn: fjandi (“devil”)\nNorwegian Bokmål: fiende\nNorwegian Nynorsk: fiende\nElfdalian: fiend, fiund\nOld Swedish: fiænde, fiande, fionde\nSwedish: fiende\nDanish: fjende\nGutnish: fiende, feiunde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-",
"t": "to hate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*fijāną",
"3": "*-ndz"
},
"expansion": "*fijāną + *-ndz",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Present participle of *fijāną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”), equivalent to *fijāną + *-ndz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fijand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fijandz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*frijōndz"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ndz",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fijandiskapiz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"enemy, fiend"
],
"id": "en-fijandz-gem-pro-noun-9AzyXsqD",
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"fiend",
"fiend"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸi.jɑndz/"
}
],
"word": "fijandz"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "fijandiskapiz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*fijand"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *fijand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *fijand"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fēond"
},
"expansion": "Old English: fēond",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: fēond"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "feend"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: feend",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: feend"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fient"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fient",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fient"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fiend"
},
"expansion": "English: fiend",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: fiend"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "fīand"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: fīand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: fīand"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Fäind"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Fäind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Fäind"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "fijân"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: fijân",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: fijân"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "fīand"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: fīand, fīond, fīoud\nMiddle Low German: vîent, vîant, vîen, vigent, vigen, vînt, vîend, fīent\nGerman Low German: Feend, Fiend\nPlautdietsch: Fient",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: fīand, fīond, fīoud\nMiddle Low German: vîent, vîant, vîen, vigent, vigen, vînt, vîend, fīent\nGerman Low German: Feend, Fiend\nPlautdietsch: Fient"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*fīand"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *fīand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *fīand"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "viant"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: viant\nDutch: vijand\nAfrikaans: vyand\nNegerhollands: vyand, vieand\n→ Sranan Tongo: feyanti\n→ Aukan: feyanti\n→ Saramaccan: feántima\nLimburgish: vieënd, vieëndj",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: viant\nDutch: vijand\nAfrikaans: vyand\nNegerhollands: vyand, vieand\n→ Sranan Tongo: feyanti\n→ Aukan: feyanti\n→ Saramaccan: feántima\nLimburgish: vieënd, vieëndj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "fīant",
"3": "fīand"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: fīant, fīand",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: fīant, fīand"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "vīant",
"3": "vīent",
"4": "vīnt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: vīant, vīent, vīnt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: vīant, vīent, vīnt"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "faint"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: faint",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: faint"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Feind"
},
"expansion": "German: Feind",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Feind"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "פֿײַנד"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: פֿײַנד (faynd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: פֿײַנד (faynd)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fjándi"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fjándi\nIcelandic: fjandi\nFaroese: fjandi (“devil, fiend”)\nNorn: fjandi (“devil”)\nNorwegian Bokmål: fiende\nNorwegian Nynorsk: fiende\nElfdalian: fiend, fiund\nOld Swedish: fiænde, fiande, fionde\nSwedish: fiende\nDanish: fjende\nGutnish: fiende, feiunde",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fjándi\nIcelandic: fjandi\nFaroese: fjandi (“devil, fiend”)\nNorn: fjandi (“devil”)\nNorwegian Bokmål: fiende\nNorwegian Nynorsk: fiende\nElfdalian: fiend, fiund\nOld Swedish: fiænde, fiande, fionde\nSwedish: fiende\nDanish: fjende\nGutnish: fiende, feiunde"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 (fijands)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*peh₁-",
"t": "to hate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*fijāną",
"3": "*-ndz"
},
"expansion": "*fijāną + *-ndz",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Present participle of *fijāną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hate”), equivalent to *fijāną + *-ndz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fijand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fijandumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fijandz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "*frijōndz"
}
],
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic consonant stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₁-",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ndz",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"gem-pro:People"
],
"glosses": [
"enemy, fiend"
],
"links": [
[
"enemy",
"enemy"
],
[
"fiend",
"fiend"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸi.jɑndz/"
}
],
"word": "fijandz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (372f256 and 664a3bc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.